How to use a digital camera

Digital camera is a product integrating optics, machinery and electronics. It integrates the conversion, storage and transmission of image information, and has the characteristics of digital access, interactive processing with computer and real-time shooting. So, how to use a digital camera? The following is how to use the digital camera I arranged for you. Welcome to reading.

The use of digital cameras 1 1. Set the parameters of the digital camera.

In the daily shooting process, it is necessary to set some basic parameters of the camera first. Digital cameras generally provide a variety of setting parameters in their setting menu, including image resolution, focus mode, aperture, shutter and so on. For digital cameras, the most important and commonly used is the setting of image resolution. Most digital cameras offer a variety of resolution options. Because digital cameras have a variety of parameter settings, you should check the camera setting menu before each shooting to confirm whether the resolution, shutter and other parameter settings are correct. Otherwise, the photos taken may not achieve the expected effect.

This is the most important link before shooting, because it directly affects the shooting effect. Especially many beginners should pay more attention.

2. Try to fill the frame with the subject.

When shooting with a digital camera, in order to get better results, we should try to choose the highest resolution and make the subject full of pictures.

For traditional cameras, the main considerations when shooting are framing, composition and focusing. For digital cameras, all the basic principles of photography are equally applicable. However, if only one object is photographed, the main body of the photographed object should be filled with a viewfinder.

Framing is a good choice for composition when shooting. Putting the subject in the viewfinder can effectively shoot the subject.

Generally, many people don't like to use the viewfinder when shooting, which is very troublesome, but I suggest it is better to use the viewfinder.

3, the correct use of lighting and flash.

Most digital cameras are equipped with built-in flash, which generally has four levels: flash, no flash, red-eye flash and automatic flash.

The automatic flash file determines whether it is necessary to fill the light with a flash according to the camera's detection of the illumination of the object.

Flash is not as easy to control as other light sources, and the light emitted by flash is easily reflected by nearby objects, forming uneven spots on photos.

So the use of flash is very likely to ruin a perfect photo. When shooting indoors, you should try to turn off the flash and provide enough lighting.

Personally, I don't like to use flash, except that sometimes the light is not good when shooting at night, and people are prone to red eye when shooting with flash.

4. Download the photos to the computer hard disk.

Digital photos are usually stored in a memory card in JPEG format. Before deleting photos, you should download the original photos to the computer hard disk, watch them from the computer, and then decide whether to choose photos.

Many novices who don't know how to use the camera should pay attention. When copying photos, be sure to pay attention to whether the camera is on or not, otherwise it will have a great influence on the camera.

My personal favorite is that I don't like to use the data cable, but use the card reader to insert the memory card into the card reader and copy it to the computer, so it won't cause too much damage to the camera, depending on my personal hobby.

How to use the digital camera 2 1? switching push-button

The switch button is an on/off switch. It should be emphasized that on some Canon machines, such as Canon's 5D MARK II, the power button has three options, besides on/off, there is also a column marked with "tick".

This option is a more advanced mode, and you can adjust "aperture" or "exposure compensation" and so on.

2. Remove the lens button:

When you buy two or more lenses, you will often encounter the problem of replacing them. At this point, you need to use the Remove Lens button. The lens removal button is located on the machine, near the left or right side of the lens.

3. Focus, metering and shutter button (shutter button for short, or shutter):

In fact, it is commonly known as blinds. Shutters of SLR cameras can be divided into half-press and full-press. Under normal circumstances, when the shutter is half pressed, the camera will automatically focus and start the metering system for metering. After focusing successfully, fully pressing the shutter will release the shutter for shooting. So it is called "focus, metering and cable release button".

4. Focusing system of SLR camera

The advanced focusing system is one of the characteristics of SLR cameras. But if you don't master it properly, there may be problems. This situation is usually not easy to happen in the era of card machine. This is because the photos taken by the card machine are generally clear, and there is no "out of focus" or difficult to detect.

5. Manual and autofocus switch buttons:

Generally, there is no such button on the body of a Canon camera, and it will only appear on the Canon lens, which is A/M or AF/MF. A or AF stands for auto focus, and M or MF stands for manual focus.

Most Nikon cameras can find this button on the right side of the front of the fuselage, which is AF/M, M/S or M/S/C. Similarly, this button may also be found on the lens, which is A/M or AF/MF. For Nikon's camera, only when the buttons on the body and lens are set to autofocus at the same time, the camera will autofocus. As long as anywhere is set to M or MF, the camera will become manual focus.

So when do you focus manually and when do you focus automatically? There must be many friends who have heard the saying "professional photographers focus manually". For this problem, autofocus will be more convenient and practical in most cases. In the past, professional photographers could only focus manually because of the limitation of equipment. But it's different now. The development of science and technology has popularized autofocus technology, so autofocus should be used as much as possible. However, in the following three cases, you can only use manual focusing, because using autofocus will be very difficult or ineffective:

(1) The environment is very dark. For example, when shooting at night or in a very dark room, the camera's ability to recognize this dark environment is obviously not as strong as the human eye, so that it is often unable to focus automatically. At this time, you can use manual focusing mode, observe carefully, and finally get satisfactory results.

(2) shoot a solid color plane. Such as pure white, pure black, pure gray or any solid color plane. Because these surfaces have no texture and texture, the camera's focusing system will not be able to recognize the ranging, and naturally it will not be able to focus automatically. In this case, if you need to shoot, you need to switch to manual focus.

(3) Shooting very small objects. From the viewfinder, we can find that the focus frame is a rectangular frame with a certain area. When the subject is large, the focus frame can focus on a certain part of the object clearly and accurately. However, if the subject is too small, the proportion in the viewfinder is much smaller than that in the focus frame, so it is very difficult for the camera to focus on the back background accurately during autofocus.

One more thing must be noted! In autofocus mode, if the focus is unsuccessful, pressing the shutter button will not release the shutter for shooting. Many friends just bought a camera, but when they found that the camera could not shoot directly by pressing the shutter, they thought that the camera was broken, but in fact it was just out of focus.

6. Select the focus button

Nikon camera's focus selection button may generally appear in two places. Advanced cameras will set shortcut keys directly on the back of the fuselage: while ordinary cameras need to be adjusted in the camera menu setting bar, and the adjustment option is called AF-Area mode. Unfamiliar friends can check the camera manual. Nikon cameras have at least three different autofocus area mode options: single-point autofocus, dynamic area autofocus and automatic area autofocus.

Single point autofocus: There is only one focus in this mode. It is recommended to set the focus at the center. Because the camera may turn in any direction when it needs to be re-composed after focusing. Generally speaking, it is more convenient when the focus is in the center. Single-point mode is more suitable for shooting still objects.

Automatic area autofocus: This is a convenient mode. When the autofocus area is used, all the focal points of the camera can be focused. As for which focus it is, it is somewhat arbitrary. In most cases, the camera will choose the one pointing to the object closest to the camera (or those, when there are multiple points pointing to the object closest to the camera) to focus clearly. So sometimes this mode is also called "recent subject focus". However, the AF automatic area has a disadvantage, that is, when the subject you want to shoot is not closest to the camera in the picture, it is likely to be out of focus. Because of this, I recommend shooting still objects in single-point mode. The AF automatic area combined with continuous autofocus and the continuous shooting described below are more suitable for shooting moving objects.

Dynamic area autofocus: This option and another option that may appear on Nikon cameras, 3D tracking autofocus, will not be explained in detail in this book.

Most of the focus selection buttons of Canon cameras are located in the upper right corner of the back of the camera. After clicking this key, you can select different focus points by toggling the main dial wheel and the auxiliary dial wheel or adjusting the dial lever. Generally speaking, Canon cameras have only two focus selection modes: automatic area AF when the focus is fully displayed; When it is adjusted to display only one focus point, it is a single point AF, similar to Nikon camera.

7. Single and continuous autofocus switch buttons:

Next to the small screen on the top of most Canon cameras, you can find the AF driver or similar buttons. Among them, the marked AF symbol is "single-sheet, continuous autofocus switching button" (the function of DRIVE is to switch another function, which will be mentioned in "shooting mode selection button"). When the AF drive key is pressed, when the main wheel and the auxiliary wheel rotate at the same time, it can be switched. * * * There are three options, namely one beat, AI focusing and AI servo. Some entry-level Canon cameras may not have this shortcut key and need to be adjusted in other ways. Please refer to the camera manual for details.

There are generally two possibilities for this shortcut key of Nikon camera. For cameras with D90 or below, the shortcut button for AF is located next to the small screen at the top of the camera. After being pressed, you can use the main and auxiliary wheels to switch, and there are three modes to choose from, namely AF-S, AF-A and AF-C. For cameras of D200 and above, this button is combined with the manual and autofocus switching buttons just mentioned, and is represented by M/S/C S/C, where M stands for manual focusing; S stands for single autofocus; C stands for continuous autofocus. If you can't find these two places, you need to consult the camera manual.

ONE SHOT, AI FOCUS and AI SERVO of Canon camera correspond to AF-S, AF-A and AF-C of Nikon camera respectively. ONE SHOT/AF-S stands for single autofocus; AI SERVO/AF-C stands for continuous autofocus; AI FOCUS/AF-A is called automatic servo autofocus.

Dynamic servo autofocus (AI FOCUS/AF-A) is a relatively compromise choice. Generally speaking, automatic servo autofocus is equivalent to ONE SHOT/AF-S, but if the camera detects that the subject is moving, it may automatically switch to continuous autofocus (AI SERVO/AF-C).

8. Shooting mode selection button:

This button on the Canon camera is similar to the driver in the key, such as AF driver. When the AF drive key is pressed and the thumbwheel is rotated at the same time, it can be switched. Nikon cameras can be found near the small screen on the right side of the camera top or under the exposure wheel on the left side of the camera top.

The camera can use this button to set the delay of single shooting, continuous shooting and self-timer. Continuous shooting of advanced cameras can be divided into low-speed continuous shooting and high-speed continuous shooting. The shooting mode selection button can also adjust the remote control to control the camera. Continuous shooting can cooperate with continuous autofocus and AF automatic area to shoot moving objects. The self-timer delay function can not only take a self-timer, but also be used with a tripod to replace cable release in 90% cases.

9. Focus lock button:

There is a special focus lock button on the camera, and you can also set your own custom focus lock mode in the custom settings. However, for the convenience of photographers, all cameras are generally set to single-sheet autofocus mode, and half-pressing the shutter defaults to focus lock. That is to say, in the single-sheet autofocus mode, after the subject is focused by half pressing the shutter, as long as the shutter is kept half pressed, the camera can be slightly rotated to re-compose, and then the shooting can be completed.

10. Overview of the focusing system: To shoot still objects, please set the buttons of the camera focusing system as follows:

Manual and autofocus switch buttons: autofocus (AF)

Single-sheet and continuous autofocus switch button: single-sheet autofocus (ONE SHOT/AF-S).

Focus selection button: single-point autofocus.

Shooting mode selection button: single shooting

Focus lock button: adopt the default half shutter focus lock of the camera.

1 1. Photometric system of SLR camera

After focusing correctly, another problem is how to make the brightness of the picture achieve satisfactory results. We will also start with the metering system of SLR cameras.

12. exposure mode selection wheel (exposure wheel for short):

The exposure mode selection wheel is generally located on the left side of the camera top, and some cameras also appear on the right side of the camera top. Some cameras have only four options on this dial: M/A/S/P or M/AV/TV/P; Some cameras have more modes besides these four, such as automatic mode, landscape mode, sports mode, night portrait mode and so on. The following four modes are more advanced. Called:

Program Auto (P-file): The camera automatically gives a set of reasonable shutter speed and aperture value according to the field light conditions.

Aperture priority (A/Av file): The photographer sets an aperture value before taking a picture, and then the camera gives a shutter speed that it thinks meets the lighting conditions of the scene according to this aperture value.

Shutter priority (S/Tv file): The photographer first sets a shutter speed, and then the camera gives an aperture value according to this aperture value, which it thinks is in line with the light conditions of the scene.

Manual exposure (M file): The photographer gives a set of shutter speed and aperture value according to his own judgment.

13. photometric range selection button:

Canon cameras can generally find this button near the small screen on the right side of the top of the camera. This button may have two positions on Nikon cameras: one is also located near the small screen on the right side of the top of the camera, and the other is a shortcut key similar to the pull rod on the back of the camera or the top of the camera.

The photometric range is generally divided into three types:

Global measurement/evaluation measurement, central weighted average measurement and point measurement. Some Canon cameras have a fourth type, called partial metering.

Global metering/evaluation metering: This metering method is the most common among all digital cameras, which measures the average brightness of the whole picture and can meet the metering requirements in most cases. Because the brightness of most areas in the picture is considered, the brightness deviation of the obtained photos is generally small in probability sense. Before learning the principle of photometry, it is suggested to turn the selection key of the photometry range of your camera to global photometry/evaluation photometry, because it is convenient and not easy to make mistakes.

Center weighted average metering: Generally speaking, when metering in this mode, the camera will focus on the center of the picture (about 60% of the picture), taking into account the edge of the picture. At present, many SLR digital cameras have this metering mode.

Partial metering: This mode is actually an extension of the central metering mode. The photometric element of the camera will measure light in the center of the picture in the range of 8%- 12%, which is much larger than the spot metering range.

14. Main dial and auxiliary dial:

The thumbwheel of a Canon camera is usually located at the top of the camera, behind the shutter release button, and at the lower center of the back of the camera (if any). The dial wheel of Nikon camera is usually located in front of the camera, in front of the shutter button, in the upper right of the back of the camera and behind the shutter button.

The main and auxiliary thumbwheels are mainly set for the convenience of shooting. Therefore, the parameters directly related to shooting can generally be adjusted by directly rotating the main and auxiliary thumbwheels or rotating the main and auxiliary thumbwheels with related buttons. Such as shutter speed, aperture value, ISO value, white balance and image quality. In addition, viewing photos, zooming in and out, and switching the options in the menu can all be operated by the primary and secondary wheels.

15. Exposure lock button:

Canon cameras generally use the "snowflake key" by default for exposure locking. There are also some Canon cameras that can directly press the shutter and lock the exposure and focus at the same time. Nikon cameras can lock exposure and focus directly at the same time by pressing the shutter. If the Nikon camera does not have the default half-shutter lock exposure when it leaves the factory, you can find the corresponding option in the menu to set it. Please refer to the camera manual for details.

16. Exposure compensation button:

The exposure compensation button of Canon camera is generally located on the right side of the big screen on the back of the camera, or directly dial the wheel, or directly adjust the wheel after setting the switch button to the "tick" symbol at the top. The exposure compensation button of Nikon camera is generally located near the small screen at the top of the camera. Function of the exposure compensation button: In addition to manual exposure (M file), if the photos taken are dark or bright, the exposure compensation button can be adjusted to increase or decrease until satisfactory exposure is obtained; If the shooting picture is dark, you can adjust the exposure compensation button to "+"before shooting.

17. summary of the use of metering system: before learning rigorous metering, the button settings of camera metering system are as follows:

Exposure mode selection: program automatic (P file)

Measurement range selection: global measurement/evaluation measurement.

Exposure lock button: different camera default modes are adopted.

Exposure compensation button: Fine-tune according to the effect of the first shooting.

18. Other buttons

Flash popup button:

Usually located at the top of the camera, to the left of the flash, there is a lightning sign or a small black button. Click it, and the flash of the camera will pop up automatically.

Flash mode selection button and flash compensation button:

The flash mode selection button and flash compensation button of the camera are sometimes the same as or close to the flash eject button. There are also these two buttons in the menu settings or near the small screen on the upper right of the camera. The use of flash is a very profound topic, and its difficulty is no less than "how to take good photos without flash".

Cable release interface:

Interfaces on both sides or in front of the camera are used to connect the electronic cable release device to the camera. Please refer to the camera manual for details.

External flash hot shoe interface:

Located at the top of the camera, it is used to connect the interface between the external electronic flash and the camera. Please refer to the camera manual for details.

Mechanical flash interface:

Located at the two sides or front of the camera, it is used to connect the mechanical flash of the studio with the interface of the camera. Please refer to the camera manual for details.

Tripod interface:

The connector located at the bottom of the camera is used to connect the tripod to the camera.

Multiple exposure button:

It is generally set in the camera menu to take photos with superimposed artistic effects. This book will not be explained in detail. For more information, please refer to the camera manual and access the information on the Internet.

Depth of field prediction button:

Generally, there is a black button in front of the camera and on both sides of the lens. Used to see the real depth of field effect from the viewfinder when shooting.

Mirror pre-elevation button:

It is usually set in the camera menu or under the exposure wheel on the left side of the camera top. Which is used for solving the vibration problem of a mirror when a camera shoots. When used with a tripod, you can take very clear pictures of the scenery. Please refer to the camera manual for details.

Lens anti-shake button:

Usually above the lens. Nikon calls it VR and Canon calls it IS. Anti-shake function is developed to reduce the picture jitter during hand-held shooting. However, please note that the anti-shake function needs to be turned off when shooting with a tripod. Otherwise, the photos may be blurred.

19. Correct shooting posture

There are two common shooting postures: standing posture and squatting posture. The photographer's right hand is generally responsible for pressing the shutter button and adjusting the relevant parameters; The photographer's left hand is generally responsible for holding the whole camera, and his right hand is responsible for enlarger lens and adjusting some parameters.