Brief introduction of folk handicrafts in southern Fujian

The name of bodiless lacquerware comes from the way it is made. First, make a green tire with mud, gypsum, wood mold, etc. , and then use ramie cloth (summer cloth) or silk cloth and raw lacquer to mount on the green tire layer by layer. After drying in the shade, the original tire is broken or taken off, leaving the shape of lacquered cloth, and then after the operation of professional names such as powder spraying, polishing and painting, and finally adding various decorative patterns, the bodiless is obtained. There is also a wooden tire method, which draws directly without bodiless, and the process is the same as that of bodiless cloth blank.

Because the main raw materials of bodiless lacquerware are cloth and wood, the texture is very strong, and the biggest feature is that it is very light. It is rumored that at the 1889 Paris World Expo, the organizer heard that a huge work of art-"Buffalo" would be shipped from China, and immediately sent a large crane. As a result, only one person from China brought the Buffalo with a cow's foot in one hand.

Lacquerware born out of the body has the texture of ceramics from a distance, and the color lines can be more vivid and casual, but it is really rare to pick it up when approaching, but it is "as light as a cloud". Besides being a handicraft in aesthetic art, bodiless lacquerware is also heat-resistant, acid-resistant, alkali-resistant, corrosion-resistant and insulating, and it is also a good daily use and industrial product.

The finished products of bodiless lacquerware are diversified, which can be figures, animals, screens, shelves and so on. It can also be cups, bottles and cans in life.

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Lacquer line carving has a history of 1400 years, which originated in southern Fujian. At first, this handicraft used decorative arts such as painting, gold foil and lacquered line carving to make statues and Buddha statues, such as wreaths and clothing patterns, which were generally called "makeup Buddha", and later this skill was called "lacquered line carving".

Because it is made by winding lacquer thread on a blank tire, it has a stronger three-dimensional effect and is usually pasted with gold foil, so the works are usually magnificent, and it is difficult for ordinary photos and images to capture the golden feeling in that light.

The manufacturing process of lacquer line carving includes:

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Shadow carving, also known as emblem carving, is a new technology developed from the traditional stone carving art in southern Fujian. "Suzhou and Hangzhou embroidery silk, Minnan embroidery stone"-the craft of shadow carving is similar to Suzhou embroidery, and is usually compared to stone embroidery.

Shadow sculpture is based on the principle of black-and-white light and dark imaging, using special alloy steel needles, adjusting the needle tip on natural high-quality polished granite by wrist force, and forming different levels of black and white through the organic combination of density, thickness, depth and reality, and carefully carving and imaging in comparison. Because its carving style and image are as realistic as photography, it is called shadow sculpture.

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Leather carving painting, in Baidu entry, refers to Ouka painting. OCAR is a kind of recycled leather, and OCAR painting generally refers to painting creation on OCAR materials by pure hand or laser engraving process.

Searching for "Ouka Paintings" on the Internet, most of the works I saw are as shown above. They look retro, but they still have a strong sense of plane. I wonder if it's the photo itself. The normal understanding of "leather carving painting" should have a three-dimensional sense, such as the following figure:

In the traditional sense, leather carvings are generally carved on leather, forming a relatively "miniature" three-dimensional sense with the help of concave and convex and light and shade.

But this time, I want to introduce the leather carving paintings of Xiamen craftsman Huang Guilin, which are more important than local carving, overall layout design, leather cutting and mosaic. This semi-relief technique was initiated by Huang Guilin, who named his work "Leather Carving Painting". But in fact, it is very different from the traditional impression of leather carving painting. At present, it is almost impossible to retrieve this semi-embossed leather sculpture by online image retrieval.

Fortunately, I saw some works of "New Era, New Journey: Exhibition of the Essence of Folk Craft Works in Xiamen" in Xiamen Art Exhibition Hall next to Xiamen Science and Technology Middle School. The picture is average, and it is amazing to see such a work on the spot. The details seem rough, but the actual design of each place is also "finely crafted". This kind of leather carving painting has a strong expressive force, which can be displayed in a wide range, realistic enough to confuse the real with the fake, and abstract into a powerful and unconstrained style.

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