Why is the number of films in the film camera set to 36?

The design and manufacture of any product will follow a common standard, such as metric screws used in machines and equipment.

Let's start with 135 film.

19 13 years, a camera Leica using 35mm film appeared in the world. When shooting, put 35mm film into the cassette and put it into the camera cassette for shooting. This kind of camera is popular because of its portability. However, it uses a reusable cassette, which has a fatal weakness: users need to load the cassette in the darkroom themselves.

Therefore, the production of finished film with cassette has become the key to the success or failure of this portable camera market. However, if camera manufacturers go their own way and the specifications of cassettes are different, it will bring great inconvenience to film manufacturers, and of course it will seriously restrict the production and sales of 35mm cameras, not to mention that most camera manufacturers do not produce films. In this case, it is definitely imperative to use a unified film specification. In 1934, Kodak Company formulated the cassette standard for 35mm cameras, adopted disposable standard cassette, named 135 film, and started industrial production in 1935. 135 film "1" refers to a disposable cassette. A camera using 135 cassette is called 135 camera.

Kodak Company solved the production standard of 35mm portable camera, which greatly popularized this model. This uniform 135 cassette has been used up to now, with a capacity of 36. As for why it was designed in the first place, we should consider the periodicity of each film and the balance with the camera body volume. The camera body size is too large, which is not conducive to carrying. If you can't shoot one roll at a time, you can't take it out in time. The film box is too small to hold less film, which increases the frequency of film changing and affects the experience.

There is a basic principle in industrial design, which is to pursue convenience and balance in all aspects. The design and production standard of 135 film well embodies this principle.

The 135 film we used actually existed before the invention of the 135 film camera. That's 35mm film. That is, the disk, the length is 122 meters.

The history of 135 camera with 36x24mm sensor can be traced back to 19 1 1 year. Let's always remember the Oscar? The great pioneer Barnah. Mr Banach was a technician in Zeiss factory in his early years. 19 1 1 year, Mr. Barnah entered Lai Ci Company through a friend's introduction. At that time, Leitz Company was located in the middle and west of Germany, a small town called Wetzlar, between the green hills.

Oscar? Barnah is a talented mechanical engineer and outdoor photographer. But the cameras at that time were very heavy, because there was no magnifying technology, and there were as many negatives as needed, and the cameras were all made of wood. Mr. Barnah was too weak to bear the heavy camera, which gave him the idea of making a small pocket camera. Then we can get high-quality photos by magnifying technology.

Mr. Barnach likes to shoot short films with a film machine. At that time, he was addicted to the film machine, so he was familiar with the 35 mm film used for making movies. So he designed a small camera that can shoot 24 ×36mm film with 35 mm film. This is the prototype camera of Leica, which is called "UlLeica" and the first 135 camera in the world. This year is 19 13.

Many people think that 36x24mm is the largest target sensor in the world. In fact, 36x24mm is twice the format of 35mm movies (18x24mm)! Sensors much larger than the 36x24mm target surface are everywhere.

At that time, Leica used its own film cassette, and the built-in film was ready-made 35mm film. Cut it yourself, length1.5m. Early Leica cameras used their own cassettes.

Kodak saw the business opportunity and took advantage of Leica's failure to apply for a patent for the cassette, and designed a cassette with pre-loaded film for Leica camera specifications. And named it 135 film with its own number. In its limited cassette space, it can shoot 36 movies.

If you cut the film and put it in, or try to "steal" a few, the actual shooting can exceed 36. In fact, there are also pre-loaded film cassettes with 24 films built in.

So let's sum up: 135 focus plane 36 is purely ponytail effect.

There are also 24 movies. 12 equal sheets.

There is a saying about the origin of 36 sheets:

At first, a German company developed 40 films at 1925. The length is just as long as an adult's open hands, which is the maximum when imaging.

But it is difficult to control in the production process. According to the principle that the number of production rods is 6, it is changed to 12. Later, other manufacturers participated in the competition, and the number of films increased to 18 and 24.

1936, an American company developed 36 films. At the same time, in order to balance the competition among manufacturers, the World Film Federation has formulated a unified standard for 36 films, which has been passed down to this day. In addition, because of the manufacturing process, the quality of the first two films is not well controlled, and now the number of film companies is generally 37 or 38.

36 are actually estimates,

There are really 42.

This number of films is moderate in size and elastic.

The number of images is also moderate,

Actually, it could be 37,

Wait, it's just an agreement. ...

The apron of the camera was too long. I didn't pay attention to it and took a few pictures. I received less money at that time. In order to save money, I adjusted the interval between sheets to the minimum interval and took as many shots as possible. You can take 40 pictures at most, which is very happy and saves money.

You don't have to move out the history of camera development [cover your face] [cover your face]

To put it simply, the capacity was so large at first, and then everyone acquiesced, just like the keyboard of a computer. ...

(Off-topic: In order to save costs, old photographers can also shoot 37-38 films from a roll of film, or buy their own discs for sub-packaging. )

The commercial movie is like this,

However, at that time, black and white films were all rolled in empty film boxes by themselves, usually there were about 45 films in one roll.

Film camera film is divided into 120, 220, 10, 135 and other specifications. Say 36 cards is not strict. For example, 120 film can shoot 6*4.5, 6*6, 6*7, 6 * 9 on 120 camera, and the number of shots can also be 16, 12, 10, 8. The length of 220 film is twice as long as that of 120 film, and there is no backing paper, so the number of shots is twice as large. 135 tablets are divided into 36 tablets, 24 tablets and 12 tablets. Full-frame cameras shoot the same number of films as labels, and some special half-frame cameras can shoot 135 films, the number of films is less than twice.

Mainly because the thickness of the camera is limited, the film must also be within the camera thickness range. There are 36 negatives, and the camera can just hold the volume of 36 negatives. The film standard is 36, and I can usually shoot 40. If I can take 40 pictures, I have to do it in a darkroom or a dark bag, which means I can hang film. Just to save money, think about it, a color film costs 20 yuan, and each film is money!

In the past, film was equivalent to bullets in a gun, and how much it could hold was determined according to the magazine. Since cameras can develop into digital without film, can we also consider using digital bullets for bullets made by guns?