What are the types of composition in photography?

1. Formally beautiful composition form (1) Nine-square grid composition. Some nine-square grid composition is also called tic-tac-toe composition. As mentioned before, it is actually a form of golden section. That is to divide the picture into nine equal parts, and use the four corners of the central block to arrange the position of the subject. In fact, these points are in line with the "golden section law" and are the best positions. Of course, balance, contrast and other factors should also be considered. This kind of composition can show change and movement, and the picture is full of vitality. These four points also have different visual perceptions. The two points above are more dynamic than the ones below, and the left is stronger than the right. The thing to pay attention to is the issue of visual balance. (2) Cross-shaped composition Cross-shaped composition is to divide the picture into four parts, that is, draw two horizontal and vertical lines through the center of the picture, and the central intersection is where the subject is placed. This kind of composition makes the picture increase the sense of security, peace and There are also negative factors such as solemnity and mystery, as well as rigidity. However, it is suitable for expressing symmetrical compositions, such as ancient architectural themes, which can produce a central perspective effect. For example, the sense of mystery is mainly reflected in photography of crosses and churches. Therefore, different themes use different expression methods. (3) Triangular composition Triangular composition, the subject expressed in the picture is placed in a triangle or the image itself forms a triangular posture. This composition is a visual induction method. If there is a triangular shape formed by form or shadow, if it is formed naturally For a linear structure, the main body can be placed at the center of the hypotenuse of the triangle to achieve a breakthrough. But only use it in panorama for the best effect. Triangular composition creates a sense of stability, while inversion creates instability. It can be used for different scenes, such as close-ups of people, close-ups, etc. (4) Rule of thirds composition Rule of thirds composition refers to dividing the picture into three parts horizontally, and the main form can be placed in the center of each part. This kind of composition is suitable for subjects with multiple forms of parallel focus. It can also represent large spaces and small objects, and can also be selected in reverse. This kind of picture composition has clear expression and concise composition. Can be used for different scenes such as close-ups. (5) A-shaped composition A-shaped composition refers to arranging the structure of the picture in the form of A-shape in the picture. The A-shaped composition has a strong sense of stability, upward impact and strong visual guidance. It can express the form of tall natural objects and itself. If the object of expression is placed at the top of the A-shape, it is a forced visual guide. You don’t want to pay attention to this point. Different tilt angle changes in the A-shaped composition can produce different dynamic effects in the picture, with novel forms and clear subject orientation. But it is also a method that is difficult to master and requires accumulation of experience. (6) S-shaped composition: The S-shaped composition gives full play to the beauty in the picture, which is first reflected in the beauty of the curves. The S-shaped composition has a strong dynamic effect, which is both dynamic and stable. It can be used for pictures in various formats, which is chosen according to the subject matter. To express the subject matter, the long-range shooting is the best, such as the natural ups and downs of mountains, rivers, regions, etc. It can also express the curve arrangement and changes of numerous human bodies, animals, objects, and various natural and artificial forms. Generally speaking, the S-shaped composition extends from the lower left corner to the upper right corner of the picture. (7) V-shaped composition V-shaped composition is the most varied composition method. Its main change is the arrangement in the direction or placing it upside down or horizontally, but no matter how it is placed, its intersection must be centripetal. The dual use of the V shape can fundamentally change the properties of single use. When used alone, the picture is unstable. When used dually, it not only has centripetal force, but also has a sense of stability. The positive V-shaped composition is generally used in the foreground as a frame structure to highlight the subject. (8) C-shaped composition C-shaped composition has the characteristics of beautiful curves and can produce variable visual focus, making the picture simple and clear. However, when arranging the main object, it must be arranged at the C-shaped gap so that people's vision follows the arc to the main object. The C-shaped composition can be adjusted in any direction. Generally, it is mostly used on industrial and architectural themes. (9) O-shaped composition O-shaped composition is a circular composition, which is the visual center formed by arranging the subject in the center of the circle. Circular compositions can be divided into outer circle and inner circle compositions. The outer circle is a natural solid structure, the inner circle is a hollow structure such as a pipe, steel pipe, etc., and the outer circle is a solid circular object (generally larger and grouped). The morphological composition mainly uses the variation effect of the main body arranged in a circle to reflect the form of expression. The visual perspective effect produced by the inner circle composition is shocking. The viewpoint arrangement can be in the center of the picture to form a composition structure, or it can be deviated from the center, such as the left and right upper corners, to produce a sense of movement. The movement produced below is small but stable. Enhanced. If you take the combination of superimposed forms of inner circles, you can create a multi-circle connected light and shadow perspective effect, which is exciting. If combined with regular curves, the effect will be even stronger. For example, the rifle lines in the barrel are both beautiful and coordinate with the visual direction. (10) W-shaped composition W-shaped composition has excellent stability and is very suitable for close-up shots of people. It can be put to good use in the processing of background and foreground. When using this kind of composition, you should seek small changes and visual induction. (11) Mouth-shape composition Mouth-shape composition is also called frame composition. It is generally used in foreground compositions, such as using doors, windows, cave entrances, and other frames as foregrounds to express the subject and clarify the environment. This composition conforms to human visual experience and makes people feel that they are viewing images through doors and windows. The effect of creating a realistic sense of space and perspective is strong.

2. Formally beautiful linear composition structure Linear composition is one of the main methods often used in photography. "Line" is an objectively existing visual phenomenon and the basic visual element of composition. It can divide the picture, create area, generate rhythm, and express various symbolic functions in composition. The character of the line is as follows: thick lines are strong, thin lines are delicate; curves are tender, straight lines are straight; thick lines are heavy, light lines are light; solid lines are static, and dotted lines are moving. For example: vertical lines symbolize strength, solemnity, and power; horizontal lines symbolize tranquility, breadth, and broadness; and diagonal lines symbolize dynamics and unsettled feelings, which are also acceptable. Because of the fact that it leads to the distance, the diagonal line here reflects a depth effect. Curves symbolize softness, romance, and elegance, giving people a very beautiful feeling. . (1) Golden Section The golden section has been discussed before. Here it is mainly the application of linear structure to enhance the perception of the golden section in the linear shape. In news photography, we often encounter natural or artificial linear images, such as various linear images formed in nature, ranging from large horizons, rivers, mountains, etc. to small structures such as trees, leaves, flowers, animals, and insects. Especially the relationship between human body structure. In the artificial environment, they can be seen everywhere, such as building doors, windows and frames, wires, water channels, cupboards, desks; frequently touched books, newspapers, magazines, etc. Therefore, the golden ratio should be used in linear composition in news photography. It is an effective way to reflect beauty. (2) Diagonal composition This is a very famous composition expression method. In the diagonal composition, the diagonal relationship formed by the lines in the picture creates a strong movement in the picture and shows the effect of depth. The perspective also makes the subject become a diagonal line, guiding people's eyes to the depth of the picture. In the composition of photographic images, in addition to the obvious oblique lines, there are also oblique lines that people perceive visually, which are reflected in the shape, tone, light, etc. of the form to produce visual abstract lines. Therefore, grasping linearity is the key to using lines in photographic composition. (1) Horizontal line composition The use of horizontal lines in composition can produce symbolic meanings such as tranquility, breadth, and broadness in the picture, but a single horizontal line can easily separate the picture. In fact, horizontal lines often appear in photography, such as the horizon. Therefore, in photographic composition, it is taboo to have a horizontal line running through the center. In general, you can move it up or down to avoid the center position, or what is called "breaking a break" in photography is to arrange a shape at a certain point of the horizontal line. Break a section of the horizontal line. This single horizontal line is more difficult to master, but the combination of multiple horizontal lines is easier to master in photography, and it is very interesting. For example, when multiple horizontal lines fill the screen, the subject position can be arranged on a certain section of some lines to cause some horizontal lines to appear broken. This method has a prominent main body and a rich decorative effect. (4) Vertical line composition Vertical line composition is more varied than horizontal line composition. A single line also has the same shortcomings as horizontal lines. But there are relatively more changes when there are multiple lines. For example, symmetrical arrangement of perspective, multiple rows of perspective, etc. can produce sometimes unimaginable effects. Vertical lines symbolize strength, solemnity, and power; the natural vertical lines faced in photography are more than horizontal lines. Such as trees, poles, pillars, etc. The variation effect produced by the vertical lines is very eye-catching. (5) Curve composition Curve composition includes regular curves and irregular curves. Curves symbolize softness, romance, and elegance, giving people a very beautiful feeling. Curves are widely used in photography. For example, body photography is to show the curvaceous beauty of the human body. Textures that express forms can produce beautiful pictures. When using composition, special attention must be paid to the direction of the overall axis of the curve. There are various expression methods, such as diagonal, S, horizontal, vertical, etc. In addition, the comprehensive use of curves and other lines can produce more outstanding effects, but it is more difficult to grasp. (6) The composition of irregular lines The composition of irregular lines is very troublesome. If you don’t master it well, it can easily mess up the picture. Irregular lines themselves have various properties. Such as chaotic, abstract, rational, mysterious, etc., a single irregular line segment also has visual guidance, and if used properly, it will produce a unique picture effect. If the entire picture is filled with messy and irregular lines, and then the simple main form is arranged at an appropriate position in the picture, a strong contrast effect will appear, and at the same time it will present an abstract and mysterious atmosphere.