Achievement display of energy-saving story photography works

Abstract: 2 1 century is the era of low-carbon economy. In order to save energy and reduce emissions in mine construction, in addition to improving the performance of engineering equipment, optimizing the configuration of engineering equipment is also one of the effective ways to save energy and reduce emissions in mine construction.

Keywords: engineering equipment; Optimize rations; Energy conservation and emission reduction; Specific measures

Yunnan Phosphate Group Corporation is a large-scale modern phosphate mining and dressing enterprise in China, with four large open-pit mines, with an annual phosphate mining production capacity of120,000 tons and a total mining and stripping capacity of120,000 tons. Most of the mining and transportation equipment is imported from abroad and has the first-class advanced technology level in the world. Four effects appear at the same time? Promoting the development of green mining industry is the concept (four effects: enterprise benefit, resource benefit, environmental benefit and social benefit). In the production work, from the company management to ordinary employees, they all attach great importance to energy conservation and emission reduction. 2 1 century, low-carbon economy has become a global development strategy, and our company has entered the era of low-carbon economy under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development. The author talks about the relationship between optimal allocation of mechanical equipment and energy saving and emission reduction in open-pit phosphate mining.

The mining workshop of Haikou Phosphating Branch of Yunnan Phosphating Group Co., Ltd. where I am located is very large? Push and dig? More than 30 engineering equipment, all diesel-powered internal combustion equipment, with an annual total of180,000 t; The annual production needs to consume about 2300 t of diesel oil, and the cost is about150,000 yuan. In order to save energy and reduce emissions in production and construction, in addition to improving the performance of energy saving and emission reduction of equipment, it is also one of the effective methods to organize production reasonably and optimize equipment configuration.

From the perspective of equipment management, this paper discusses the following two aspects of energy saving and emission reduction. Optimization of engineering equipment model; Optimize the combination of engineering equipment groups (units) (the best matching of all kinds of mechanical equipment models and equipment groups in the construction chain). Strengthening the research in this field can improve the level of production management, organize production reasonably and optimize according to production needs without spending money or less? Push and dig? The configuration of construction machinery can not only ensure the construction quality, progress and benefit in time and space, but also realize energy saving and emission reduction while achieving construction efficiency and benefit.

1, mathematical law of optimal configuration of engineering equipment

The operation cycle of mine engineering equipment can be roughly divided into four stages: starting, working, idling and stopping. Among them, the three stages of starting, running and idling consume energy (diesel) and discharge pollutants (for construction machinery with fuel, the pollutants discharged are mainly CO, CO2, SO2, NOX, smoke and dust, etc.). ).

1. 1 The total amount of pollutants discharged by an engineering equipment during the operation period is m:

m = m 1t 1+m2 T2+m3 T3( 1)

In the formula (1), m 1, m2, m3 are the amount of sewage generated during the startup, operation and idling of the equipment: m3/min of sewage gas and g/min of sewage dust; T 1, t2 and t3 are respectively the cumulative time (minutes) for the start-up, operation and no-load operation of engineering equipment in an operation cycle.

1.2 the total amount of pollutants discharged by multiple engineering equipment groups (units) during the operation period q is:

(2)

(2) In the formula, n refers to the model number of equipment in the production organization; Mi—— refers to the total amount of pollutants discharged by each equipment during the operation cycle of the cluster (unit). Because energy consumption and pollutant discharge are interrelated in equipment operation, in general, reducing energy consumption (energy saving) will also reduce pollutant discharge, and vice versa. Therefore, in formula (1)(2), energy consumption index is not directly reflected, but pollutant emission index is used to guide energy conservation and emission reduction and their relationship.

2. Specific measures to optimize the configuration of engineering equipment

Through the analysis of formulas (1) and (2), we can guide the specific measures to optimize the equipment configuration of mining and loading engineering from the production links of people, machines, materials, methods and environment in the construction of open-pit mines:

2. 1 Optimize the model of engineering equipment and reduce the values of m 1, m2 and m3. Give priority to the use of new energy equipment (including the use of machinery or leasing, commissioning and new purchase of equipment). In recent years, new energy equipment (equipment using electric power, battery power, hybrid power, natural gas, biodiesel and other power sources) has gradually been transferred from scientific research to the market. Compared with mechanical equipment using fuels (diesel oil and gasoline), its pollutant emission has also been greatly reduced (electric m 1, m2 and m3 are zero, and hybrid M6544, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and biodiesel are zero). For fuel-based engineering equipment, the first choice is energy-saving and emission-reduction equipment, such as equipment using common rail electronic fuel injection technology, which can fully and effectively mix air and high-pressure fuel, thus achieving the goal of completely clean combustion and improving fuel efficiency. In addition, for the equipment with advanced technology and intelligent operation, the operator can choose different operation modes according to the requirements of working conditions, so that the working conditions are in the best state with the lowest fuel consumption at the right time. For example, our company's Swedish Volvo 40 series trucks have five driving modes, and the correct mode selection function can meet the driving requirements of different road conditions. Carter, Komatsu and Volvo excavators can also choose three power curves (maximum, standard and economical) and four corresponding working modes according to the operation requirements. Due to the above advantages, the m 1, m2 and m3 of this type of aircraft are smaller than those of traditional aircraft, which plays an important role in energy saving and emission reduction.

2.2 improve the operation mode, improve the operation efficiency of mechanical equipment and shorten the t2 value.

For example, if the bulldozer works downhill, the productivity can be increased by 30% ~ 40% compared with the traditional method; Excavators reduce the turning radius of loading to master the best cutting effect; By choosing the best operation mode, the tire slip can be reduced, the road surface can be leveled in time, and the slope can be slowed down. For the same workload, the t2 value of running time will be reduced, and the effect of reducing energy consumption is equivalent to the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.

2.3 Optimize the cluster combination to achieve the best matching.

It can be seen from Formula (2) that reducing N value and Mi value can realize energy saving and emission reduction, and reducing M value means reducing the types of operation and the number of units. The method is to optimize the combined model of construction chain (construction line). According to the production process of mining and stripping workshop, the combination modes of construction chain mainly include the following:

(1) Excavator takes earth and stone, and loads it with dump truck-dump truck transports the earth to the garbage dump-bulldozer assists dumping;

(2) reducing the height of the bulldozer-loading the excavator-transporting the earth to the dump by the dump truck-assisting dumping by the bulldozer;

(3), bulldozers directly to the goaf;

(4), drilling rig perforation-* * blasting-bulldozer stacking-excavator loading-dump truck transporting stones to the dump-bulldozer assisted unloading.

⑤ Excavator loading ore to dump truck-dump truck transporting ore to concentrator (yard)-bulldozer assisting stacking.

According to the requirements of production technology, the best combination scheme of construction machinery cluster can be optimized through careful equipment configuration. Considering the technical, economic and environmental requirements comprehensively, as long as the values of N and mi can be reasonably optimized, the effect of energy saving and emission reduction will be very good and the efficacy will be improved.

2.4 Adopt a model combination that can complete multiple processes at one time.

Due to the large lifting angle of Volvo trucks (up to 75 degrees), when dumping soil in the dump, as long as the command is in place, bulldozers can arrange the dumping line in time, and more than 95% of the materials can be directly discharged outside the dumping line, thus reducing the number of bulldozers in the dump and improving the dumping effect. Another example is the effective utilization of mined-out areas, and the scraper can complete the process of shoveling, moving, unloading, filling and pressing at one time without the cooperation of other machinery. In the first to fourth types of soil with water content less than 20%, the earthwork project with the transportation distance of 200 ~ 350 m (the most suitable transportation distance for excavators) can be used as the first choice. At this time, the N value and Mi value are also small, so the Q value will inevitably decrease, which also achieves the purpose of high efficiency, obvious energy saving and emission reduction.

2.5 Improve the technical skills of operators and give full play to the advantages of equipment performance.

People are the most active factor in productivity. Without good operators, even the advanced technology and equipment can't play a good role. Just like a good photographic work, besides having good photographic equipment as the premise, the photographer also plays a decisive role in the choice of time, space, composition and shooting mode. The story that an expert knows about cows tells us the truth of exploring, understanding and abiding by the laws, so improving equipment operation skills is of great practical significance for correctly using equipment, improving work efficiency and realizing energy conservation and emission reduction.

2.6 Strengthen management and raise awareness.

In open-pit mining, there are many technical measures to reduce pollutant discharge value in the process of production organization. Such as strengthening equipment maintenance, four new? The adoption of technology can improve the power, economy and reliability of equipment, that is, reduce the values of m 1, m2 and m3. The above two formulas only guide the direction of energy saving and emission reduction of production organizations, and study them from a systematic point of view. People, machines, materials, environment, law? To explore management principles, there are many concrete measures to be explored and studied.

3. Concluding remarks

With global warming and frequent natural disasters, climate issues have aroused widespread concern of all mankind. What is the theme of World Environment Day in 2008? Change traditional ideas and advocate low-carbon economy? . On February 4th, 2009, 190 government officials from more than 65438 countries attended the meeting in Copenhagen, Denmark. United Nations Climate Change Conference? And reached the Copenhagen agreement, hoping to promote the sustainable development of the whole society and economy by greatly reducing global carbon emissions. To this end, China promised to reduce emissions per unit of GDP by 40%-45% by 2020. Carbon-related terms, such as low-carbon economy, carbon footprint, carbon tax and carbon neutrality, have gradually entered our field of vision. Enterprises are the vanguard of socialist construction in the new era, and also a big classroom for energy conservation and emission reduction. In this paper, the measures of energy saving and emission reduction are put forward from the perspective of rational use and optimal configuration of mechanical equipment in open-pit phosphate mining construction. Formula (1)(2) only provides? Coarse quantitative+qualitative? The theoretical reference of decision-making is only to guide the direction of building energy conservation and emission reduction, and to study it from a systematic point of view. People, machines, materials, environment, law? Waiting for the management node to discuss; There are many concrete measures for us to think about. As long as we can treat the post work with innovative methods and ideas, we will certainly find many new measures in the process of the company moving towards a low-carbon economy.

refer to

[1] Zhang Shang is medium. Management Manual of Mining Vehicles [M] Anhui: Southeast University Press. 199 1