How is the effect of shifting axis photography taken?

Shifting axis refers to changing the optical axis. The most important feature is that the main optical axis of the whole camera lens can be translated, tilted or rotated on the premise that the plane position of the camera body and the film remains unchanged, so as to adjust the perspective relationship of the shot image or focus the whole area. The reference clear image field of the camera lens with shifting axis is much larger, which is to ensure that the camera lens can still get a clear image after its optical axis is translated, tilted or rotated. Axis-shifting photographic lens is also called "TS" lens ("TS" is English "Tilt &；; The abbreviation of "shift", namely "oblique shift"), "oblique beat", "shift beat" and so on. Simply put, it is to change the usual perspective relationship. As far as I know, Canon and Nikon have several types of variable speed spindles. But the origin of shifting axis is still a large-format camera, that is, a leather cavity camera. Below is the LINHOF Special Art 45 camera, which has a leather cavity and can adjust the front and rear groups, up and down, left and right and pitch.