Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography and portraiture - The basis of three-lamp lighting.
The characteristics of three-lamp lighting Three-lamp lighting is the most widely used and easy to master in portrait shooting. This three-lamp lighting method
The basis of three-lamp lighting.
The characteristics of three-lamp lighting Three-lamp lighting is the most widely used and easy to master in portrait shooting. This three-lamp lighting method
The characteristics of three-lamp lighting Three-lamp lighting is the most widely used and easy to master in portrait shooting. This three-lamp lighting method has the characteristics of many changes, rapid changes, flexibility and easy to master, and is generally easy to be accepted and welcomed by customers. Three-lamp lighting combination 1. Three-lamp plane lighting Three-lamp plane lighting scheme is widely used in portrait shooting, and the soft light on the plane is very suitable for expressing a bright, beautiful, ideal and harmonious artistic atmosphere. I tidy it up for you and share it with you!
Three-light combination form and light distribution
1. Three Lamps District with uniform light distribution.
Three-lamp plane lighting scheme is widely used in portrait shooting. Flat and soft light is very suitable for expressing bright, beautiful, ideal and harmonious artistic atmosphere. However, compared with three-dimensional lighting, the stereoscopic effect of the picture is worse, and the subject is easy to get fat, so it is less likely to shape the subject with light. The plane light distribution scheme of three lamps is also called "V" shape light distribution.
The so-called "V"-shaped light distribution means that three light areas are placed one at the left and right of the digital camera and one at the lower part of the digital camera, and the three light areas form a V-shaped light level as shown in figure 1 and a light spot pattern as shown in figure 1. V-shaped lighting is suitable for subjects with thin face and strong three-dimensional sense, but not for subjects with fat face. The use of the bottom lamp helps to eliminate the bags under the eyes and laugh lines of the subject, making the subject look young. In portrait photography, three light areas are generally soft light with a soft light box, and the optical centers of the three lights all point to the face of the subject in photography. The intensities of the three lamps are the same, and the color temperatures of the three lamp areas are the same. When shooting a digital portrait with V-shaped lights, because there is no background light, if you want to truly represent the color of the background, you can make the subject as close to the background as possible, and illuminate the background with the back lights of the first three lights, so as to determine the accurate exposure of the light spots close to the background. If you look for changes in light quality, intensity and color temperature on one of the lamps, V-lighting can produce a series of new lighting schemes. You can try more.
2. Main light+auxiliary light+side light distribution
The light distribution mode of main light+auxiliary light+side light is a traditional light distribution mode in portrait photography, which mainly shows the main characters, and only uses the residual light of main and auxiliary light to show the background and environment.
In this light distribution scheme, the main light is generally changed from front light to side backlight, such as 45 front light, 90 side light and120 side backlight. Generally speaking, the light quality of the main lamp can be harder than that of the auxiliary lamp. The light level of the main light is flexibly determined according to the performance needs of the subject, the requirements of shaping the artistic atmosphere of the picture and the performance of the color tone of the picture. Generally speaking, the intensity of the main light is relatively strong in the picture, which can be determined according to the actual exposure of the picture, the light ratio of the main light to the auxiliary light, the sensitivity of the digital camera and other factors. As shown in figure 2 and spot figure 2.
The main function of auxiliary light in this lighting scheme is to display darkness and control the contrast of the picture. The brightness of the auxiliary lamp is usually the same as that of the camera. The quality of auxiliary light should be flexible light, and the intensity of auxiliary light should be determined according to the color of the picture and the needs of the subject's physical performance.
In this light distribution scheme, the side light is generally placed at the side backlight level, such as 120. The light quality of the side light is generally hard light, and the degree of hardness varies according to different subjects. The color temperature of contour light can be determined according to the needs of shaping the artistic space of the picture. Generally, the intensity of side light is determined by the photographer according to experience, but it can also be determined according to measurement.
3. Distribution of main light+auxiliary light+background light
The lighting mode of main light+auxiliary light+background light is a classic lighting scheme. Its main feature is that it not only fully expresses the subject, but also controls the background color through the change of background light, which sets off the artistic atmosphere of the subject and the picture. It is a lighting scheme that portrait photographers need to study seriously. Due to the change of light level and quality of main light and background light, this light distribution scheme is very rich. The following are some representative change plans to discuss with you.
(1) front light grading light method of main light+auxiliary light+background light
In this light distribution scheme, the main light is the front light, and a part of the subject's face receives light. The size of the light receiving surface has a great influence on the shape of the subject, and the characters will have three-dimensional changes, which is also beneficial to the performance of the subject structure, as shown in Figure 4 and Light Spot Figure 4.
In this lighting scheme, the control of background light is also very important. At this time, the background light can play a role in rendering the atmosphere or highlighting the subject. (2) the main light side backlight+auxiliary light+background light distribution method.
The main light is in the side backlight position, and the auxiliary light shows dark level. Background light is used to adjust the background tone, as shown in Figure 5 and Spot Figure 5.
This three-lamp lighting scheme has a strong three-dimensional sense and a sense of space. Generally, the light quality of the main light is hard, and the outline of the main body is the object that needs to be highlighted. The color of the picture is deep, which is suitable for expressing the feeling of fashion and personality in portrait photography. The auxiliary light is generally close to the light level of a digital camera. The intensity of auxiliary light should pay attention to the needs of color tone, contrast and hierarchical expression in the future. The nature of auxiliary light is flexible light.
In the three-lamp lighting scheme, there are usually two kinds of brightness of background light. One is that the background light hits the middle of the background, and the main body can be directly raised as shown in Figure 6 and Light Spot Figure 6. The other is that the background light hits the background opposite to the main light, which is beneficial to the representation or hiding of the outline of the character, as shown in Figure 7 and Light Spot Figure 7. The intensity and quality of background light are determined according to the needs of background change. If the background changes greatly, the background light is strong and the light quality is relatively hard. On the contrary, the background light is weaker and the light quality is softer. When determining the exposure of a picture, it is best to measure the exposure value of the bright side and the dark side respectively, and then compromise the exposure, so that the layers of the bright side and the dark side are relatively abundant.
4. Main light+double background light and Three Lamps District lighting.
The main light is single light and the background light is double light. As shown in Figure 8 and Light Dot Matrix Figure 8, the whole picture is bright in tone, with prominent main body and three-dimensional sense. The background is generally a flat monochromatic background and a flat concrete background, and the light level of the main light varies greatly. When the picture is required to be brighter, the light level of the main light can be as close as possible to the digital camera, and when the subject is required to have a stronger stereoscopic impression, the light level of the main light can be about 90 degrees, such as front light and side light. When the stereoscopic and spatial sense of the picture is required to be strong, the main light can adopt side-inverted light level, but the background color is better at this time.
5. Main light+auxiliary light+luminous light distribution method
This light distribution combination is also common. The main light and auxiliary light are used to shape the character image, and the texture can also be obtained by polishing the hair to increase the three-dimensional sense of the character's shoulders, as shown in Figure 9 and Light Spot Figure 9. The use of lighting must be accurate, otherwise it will affect the face of the person, and the intensity of lighting should be reasonably controlled. Too strong will make hair white, too weak will have no texture, so the intensity of lighting should be combined with the intensity of main radiation.
6. Main light+side backlight+background light mode
This light distribution combination is very three-dimensional, as shown in figure 10 and spot map 10, which is suitable for expressing the theme of relative personality. Generally, the position of background light and side backlight is relative, which is beneficial to set off each other. When using side backlight, more attention should be paid to avoid eating the camera lens and affecting the photo quality.
Matters needing attention in lighting of three-lamp portrait photography
1. When three lights are distributed, avoid light confusion, regardless of primary and secondary.
2. When lighting the Three Lamps District, control the intensity and light ratio of each lamp, so as not to cause a presumptuous guest usurps the host's role.
3. The light distribution of the three lamps should be flexible, which can change in color temperature, light quality and lamp position, so there will be more practical light distribution methods to use.
There are many kinds of lighting schemes for three-lamp portrait photography. Here are just a few typical lighting schemes for three-lamp digital portrait photography to discuss with you. The number of lights is determined according to the content of performance and the needs of theme performance, so the reasonable use of the three lights, mutual cooperation and performance around the theme can well depict the portraits of the three lights.
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