One of the three skills of crossing Huaqing Palace quatrains

Three quatrains crossing Huaqing Palace

one

Looking back at Chang 'an, Mount Li is like a pile of splendid scenery, and the gates of Huaqing Palace on the top of the mountain are opened in turn.

As soon as I rode on the smile of smoke and smoke, no one knew that the fresh fruit litchi was sent from the south.

Secondly,

Xinfeng green trees have yellow dust, and I have ridden Yuyang several times to explore the messenger.

They lied about their military situation, and Tang Gaozong and Yang Guifei still indulged in singing and dancing until the Anshi Rebellion arose and the Central Plains was broken.

third

The whole country is immersed in the tranquility of music, and the Lishan Palace in the moonlight is particularly clear.

Lushan Mountain dances wildly in the clouds, and the wind is too heavy to laugh at the mountain.

one

This poem lashed out at the extravagant life of Xuanzong and Yang Guifei through the typical event of sending litchi, and its artistic effect was subtle, exquisite and well-known.

The first sentence describes the scenery of Mount Li where Huaqing Palace is located. The poet writes from the perspective of "looking back" in Chang 'an, just like a film photographer. First, he shows a broad and far-reaching panorama of Mount Li in front of the audience: lush trees, lush flowers and plants, palaces and castles stand among them, just like a beautiful group. "Embroidered Pile" not only refers to the East Embroidered Ridge and the West Embroidered Ridge on both sides of Mount Li, but also describes the beauty of Mount Li.

Then, the scene moved forward, showing the magnificent palace on the top of the mountain. The normally closed palace door suddenly opened slowly. Then there are two close-ups: outside the palace, an emissary is riding a horse, flying fast, raising clouds of red dust behind him; In the palace, the princess smiled. Several shots seem to be unrelated to each other, but they all contain the suspense carefully arranged by the poet: Why did the "Thousand Doors" open? Why did "One Ride" come? Why does "concubine" laugh? The poet deliberately kept silent until the tense and mysterious atmosphere made the reader want to know, and then implicitly and euphemistically revealed the mystery: "No one knew it was litchi." "Litchi" tells the whole story. "Biography of Yang Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty": "My concubine loves litchi and wants to be born, so she rode it for thousands of miles, and her taste has not changed. She has arrived in the capital." Knowing this, the suspense in front was released at once, and those shots naturally merged.

Wu Qiao's "Poems Around the Furnace" said: "Poetry has connotations, especially those who tell stories without opinions." The artistic charm of Du Mu's poems lies in its implication and profundity. In the poem, I don't understand Xuanzong's dissolute lust, imperial concubine's love and arrogance. However, the sharp contrast between "Galloping the World of Red Dust" and "Laughing at the Noble Lady" has received much stronger artistic effect than directly expressing her opinions. The word "princess laughs" has a profound meaning. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhou Youwang smiled for Bo Feizi and lit a bonfire, which led to the country's demise. After reading this, readers can easily think of this well-known story. The word "unknown" is also thought-provoking In fact, "litchi lai" is not unknown, at least "concubine" knows, "riding it" knows, and there is another emperor who doesn't mention it in his poem. This writing is to show that this matter is very important and urgent, and there is no reason for outsiders not to know. This not only exposes the absurdity of the emperor's doing everything he can to please his favorite concubine, but also echoes the unusual atmosphere rendered earlier. The whole poem does not need difficult words, allusions and carvings. Simple and natural, profound and powerful. It is a masterpiece of history in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.

Secondly,

During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, An Lushan served as our envoy in Pinglu, Fanyang and Hedong, waiting for an opportunity to rebel. However, Tang Xuanzong liked him very much. The Crown Prince and Prime Minister Yang repeatedly started fighting, and Fang sent assistants to inquire about the truth in the name of sending oranges. An Lushan was generous to Yulin and praised his loyalty when he came back. Xuanzong believed in lies, and since then he has been more unrestrained. "Yellow dust rises from Xinfeng green trees, and several spies return from Yuyang", describing the scene of spies returning to Chang 'an from Yuyang via Xinfeng Flying Horse. The yellow dust rolling behind the spy is a dazzling smoke screen and a symbol of the upcoming rebel war.

From the complicated historical event of "An Shi Rebellion", the poet only used a scene of "fishing for the sun and exploring the return", which was quite ingenious. It not only exposes An Lushan's cunning, but also exposes Xuanzong's confusion, which has the magical effect of "killing two birds with one stone".

If the first two sentences of the poem show the transformation of space, then the last two sentences, "dressing up as a thousand peaks and dancing and decomposing", show the change of time. The contents of the first four sentences were originally independent of each other, but after clever editing by the poet, there was a causal relationship between them, suggesting the internal relationship between the two things. From the whole article, it is very natural that Yu Yang Gui and Nishang Qianfeng are connected by Huaqing Palace. This way of writing not only summarizes a major historical event with extremely frugal pen and ink, but more importantly reveals the cause of the accident. The poet's conception is very ingenious.

Strong irony is implicitly expressed, especially the phrase "dress on a thousand peaks and dance on the original", which makes Xuanzong indulge in pleasure and stubbornly say nothing to the extreme. It is obviously extremely exaggerated and impossible to say that a song can climb the "Thousand Peaks", but it is actually "dancing all over the Central Plains", but it is not unreasonable to write like this. Because just singing and dancing can't directly "break the Central Plains", the breaking of the Central Plains is actually caused by the endless indulgence of the rulers. Moreover, it is not enough to describe the prosperity of singing and dancing, nor does it exaggerate the drunkenness of the rulers and the serious consequences of the country's demise. In addition, the sharp contrast between "Thousands of Peaks" and "Xias" and the use of the word "Began" in these two poems show the poet's profound skill in choosing words and making sentences, which effectively sets off the theme. It is the profound ideological content and perfect expression that make it a famous sentence. The whole poem comes to an abrupt end here, which is even more memorable.

third

This is the last of three quatrains and an allegorical poem.

"All nations are drunk when they sing." This statement was made by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. He played with Yang Guifei in Lishan all day, ignoring the state affairs, and the whole country was immersed in a song and dance. "Eternal Temple and Moonlight" means that the palaces, pavilions and pavilions on Mount Li are towering into the clouds, which are particularly clear in the moonlight. "Dancing Lushan Mountain in the Clouds" is an ironic remark: When An Lushan met Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei on Mount Li, he dragged his fat body and danced Hu Xuan in the hall, which actually triggered Yang Guifei's hearty laughter. "Laughter under the strong wind", this sentence, laughter floated over the layers of peaks with the wind and echoed in the mountains for a long time.

According to the report, Yang Guifei was overjoyed when she saw An Lushan dancing Hu Xuan, and even accepted An Lushan as her adopted son. Tang Xuanzong was also very happy and attached great importance to An Lushan and appointed him as our special envoy for the three towns. But it was their adopted son who raised the banner of rebellion to them. Since then, the Tang empire has slipped into the abyss of decline.

This poem is subtle and euphemistic, and its style seems to be brisk. In fact, it makes a bitter and merciless mockery of the extravagance and mistakes of the king who perished.