How to capture people?

Generally speaking, it is relatively easy to control the depth of field of a gear (aperture priority). Using the camera's automatic metering, ISO, aperture and quick metering, the main purpose is to ensure that the hand-held camera is stable enough to shoot clearly. Commonly used snapshot methods are as follows:

(1) ambush method. Anyone who has practical experience in snapping pictures has this experience. People who are in a state of general excitement, such as sensitive people, will be found as soon as the camera is lit. Once discovered, the original plot and atmosphere will suddenly change or even disappear. The key at this time is: how can we not be discovered? At this time, we remembered the story of Barrett and Solomon hiding their cameras in their hats and wallets. Practice has proved that it is absolutely possible to find a place to hide yourself at the scene of the snapshot. On the one hand, this invisible place can hide itself and is not easy to be discovered by the subject; On the other hand, you can observe each other calmly and shoot each other at a suitable angle. For example, in the room, behind the tree, in the crowd, in the car, deep in the door, and so on. It may become an ideal hiding place. In this way, the photographer is in the dark and the subject is in the light, just like an ambush, which is a common method of taking pictures.

(2) Sudden attack method. If you find the shooting target, but you can't find a suitable hiding point, you can take a snap shot.

The essentials of this shooting method are: before shooting, adjust the focal length according to visual inspection, and adjust the aperture and shutter at the same time. It is important to note that you should never stare at the subject for a long time. Eyes are a kind of information and a kind of language. Staring at a person with a camera for a long time will make people feel: is he going to take pictures of me? Therefore, I am very vigilant. Photographers should pay attention to the subject's every move in the seemingly aimless glance left and right. Once there is a plot, action and expression that meets the pursuit, they should take pictures immediately and quickly, as if it were lightning. When the other party finds out and reacts, the shooting is completed.

(3) covering your eyes. Disturbing the line of sight of the subject so that he can't see the subject that the photographer intends to shoot clearly is called blindfolding. The characteristic of this snapshot method is that the eyes don't touch the camera when shooting, and the camera doesn't need eyes to take pictures through the camera. Moreover, the orientation of the photographer's face is not consistent with the orientation of the camera lens.

Specifically, the eyes look forward, but the camera lens is aimed at the left or right. Or fiddle with the camera by hand (press the shutter when appropriate). In short, it gives people the feeling that the photographer is not taking pictures of me, and there is no usual posture to take pictures at all, such as the camera is broken and being inspected ... often the photographer is close at hand, but the subject is unaware of it. In this way, you can easily capture things that are difficult to capture. Compared with the "surprise attack" method, this is a way to win by cleverness. The "smoke screen" is not afraid of crowds or chaos. The more people there are, the noisier the environment is, and the easier it is to cast a "smoke screen" to paralyze each other. In the "blindfold" snapshot, the line of sight does not pass through the viewfinder, so the estimation error is inevitable, so it is necessary to leave enough space on the negative when taking the snapshot. In addition, because it is not allowed to stare at the subject for a long time, it is difficult to properly grasp the instantaneous expression. Practice makes perfect. As long as you practice more on weekdays, you will get closer to the realm of handy step by step.

(4) feint. Sometimes, in the face of the activities of people in an excited state, if the photographer has been "exposed", "ambushed" and "attacked" is not feasible, then we can consider going to the other extreme: we might as well simply talk and chat with the subject to relieve the tense air. At the same time, the posture of constantly taking pictures and shooting in front of the subject is actually illusory, not really shooting, so it is called "empty sway". At first, the other party may continue to dodge and be embarrassed (note that this "embarrassment" is also a specific emotion from the heart, and it is also interesting if it is captured well). However, continuous and frequent stimulation (referring to the camera aiming at the subject) sometimes makes the other person relax, and his expression and mood gradually return to normal. At this time, you can use it and put it down. This time it was a "real attack". Obviously, the method of "feint" takes time and patience.

Torch Festival is a grand festival of Yi people. During the festival, men, women and children go over mountains to attend parties. At parties, Yi girls like to play with a yellow umbrella. This umbrella is both shade and beautification. Walking or dancing under an umbrella will add charm. But it is also wonderful to use this umbrella against photographers. As long as she puts the umbrella in front of her, the photographer can't take anything. "Feint attack" method can help overcome this kind of umbrella and capture the simple and beautiful natural expression of "Amizi" (Yi language, meaning girl).

⑤ Transfer from East to West. This is also a snapshot method that confuses and diverts the attention of the other party. Different from the "blind" method, the "shunt" method gives people the impression that the photographer is really taking pictures, but the object of shooting is someone or something, not himself. If the photographer finds the shooting target, he can swagger close to him with his camera, but he points the camera at another target, and 99% of the time he points it at this "other" target. At this time, the object who really wants to take a snapshot will think that this photo is taken of pigeons flying in the sky or cars running on the road, which has nothing to do with it, thus relaxing the attention of the photographer. When it returns to normal, it can quickly aim at the target.

Above, we contact different subjects, combined with the specific shooting process, briefly introduce five common snapshot methods. These snapshot methods are all summed up in practice and derived from practice. Broadly speaking, practice is infinitely rich and its experience should be correct. Some people's practices in a certain period are limited. Then, the ways, methods and means of snapshot summarized in these limited practices are of course limited. Therefore, every photographer should not be bound by the above methods in his future practice. As a dogma, he should face the problem according to the actual situation he encountered, use it flexibly according to time, place, event and situation, and make some discoveries and innovations.

Be proficient in snapshot technology

Capture not only needs flexible and diverse methods, but also needs corresponding capture technology. The organic combination of the two can effectively improve the quality of snapshots. With the rapid development and progress of photographic equipment and the widespread use of snapshots, snapshot technology is also obviously diversified.

Commonly used snapshot technologies are as follows:

① High-speed grabbing. Capture with high-speed fast film and high-speed shutter. For example, some difficult movements in sports, dancing, wrestling, running and horse racing in folk activities. , are rapidly changing, fleeting, you can't catch up with the high speed.

② Grasp at low speed. It is often used when shooting people with little activity, such as shooting indoor people's activities or live portraits. In order to express the spatial relationship naturally and vividly, we need to use live light, small camera, fast film, slow door and large aperture. If the aperture of a small camera is F2.8, it can have a better depth of field; If you use F 1.4 and F2 to shoot people on the spot, as long as you can use the side backlight, you can also have a certain stereoscopic effect. Indoor snapshots, except for large aperture, often need to use low-speed slow gate, usually1/30-115-1/8-1/4, or even longer. It would be better to have a tripod at this time. Don't use a tripod, practice the hard work of slow door shooting: hold the camera steady, hold your breath and press the shutter gently. In order to keep the camera stable, you can lean the camera against the wall and back of the chair to form a supporting shot.

(3) Hold on tight. Shoot close to the subject. At this time, with a standard lens or a wide-angle lens, not only the close-up of the object can be photographed, but also the group activities of the object can be photographed, and the activity environment of the object can be photographed into the picture. If the light is good and the activity of the object is not great, you can use a small aperture, hyperfocal distance. The light is weak, so you can use a large aperture or a slow speed.

When shooting close-range, you can take a view through the viewfinder, or you can lift the camera without looking at the frame; Under special circumstances, when you need to take a sneak shot, you can hang the camera on your chest or hold it in your hand, and you can press the shutter without looking at the frame, but you must estimate the distance and the size of the image on the negative in advance.

4 grasp far. Shoot from a distance with a telescope or zoom lens. Using this snapshot technology, the subject will not feel constrained. A telephoto lens can highlight the expression of an object and can take close-ups of the object. The disadvantage is that the environment in which the object is active cannot be fully displayed. Because the depth of field is very small,

You must adjust the focal length of the photo properly. It is not easy to make clear works when the light is weak.

⑤ Catch up. That is, an upcoming snapshot of the object. In the case of strong light or mainly relying on flash, you can shoot with standard or wide-angle lens, small aperture and hyperfocal distance; You can also keep a certain distance from the object, set a focus position and press the shutter when the object reaches this position.

⑥ Follow and catch. Shoot objects that move laterally. At this time, it is necessary to estimate the distance in advance. When an object passes in front of the camera, press the shutter while following the object. Follow-up includes horizontal follow-up and vertical follow-up; Arc tracking and longitudinal tracking, etc. The shooting points of horizontal follow-up are as follows: firstly, the shutter speed should not be faster than 1/30 seconds. The slower the shutter, the longer the line drawn by the background and the stronger the dynamic sense of the subject; Second, the background should have spots composed of light spots or contrast between light and shade. If the background is a tone without any light and dark changes, the photos taken are not dynamic; Third, when shooting, the camera should rotate synchronously with the object, that is, the photographer stands in situ and rotates around his waist. It should be noted that in the process of rotation, try to keep the predetermined relative position of the object in the view frame. Press the shutter when the angle and action are appropriate. Also note that the rotation cannot stop when the shutter is pressed. In this way, the subject image in motion is basically clear, while the background can present a series of horizontal lines, and people are flying. Horizontal follow-up is the most commonly used and basic follow-up method, and the essentials of other follow-up methods are similar, so it can be used flexibly in practice.

With the appearance of zoom lens, zoom-following shooting technology appeared: when the object approaches, the lens expands and contracts while pressing the shutter, resulting in radioactive virtual shadow in the background of the object. When shooting, the camera should move smoothly and parallel without vibration; Shutter speed should adapt to the size of the object movement and the degree of shadow required by the picture. Low speed shutter tracking may blur the subject itself.

⑦ Side grab. Shooting from the side of the object does not need to cause a virtual shadow of the background. At this time, the shutter is selected according to the amount of time and speed of image activity, and then the aperture is determined. It is usually necessary to use a faster shutter to ensure the clarity of the image. Fixed focus method is either a predetermined focus position or visual inspection and quick focus.

When the activity of the object is very small or basically motionless, you can take a close-up of the side of the object with a telephoto lens. Generally speaking, it is better to shoot people's activities from the side with standard and wide-angle lenses.

⑧ Grasp behind your back. In recent years, there are more and more works that capture people's activities from behind, and some works have even become masterpieces and won awards. The work "The Test of Strength" reflects the scene of a farmer rebuilding a mountain temple tourist spot and lifting a stone. Capturing from a low angle behind fully shows the difficulty of climbing the mountain and the strength of people. This kind of lens, if shot from another angle, will not be so good.