Zhejiang province in 2007 1 month higher education self-study exam TV camera basic examination questions.

1. Single-choice questions (this big topic * * 15 small topic, 2 points for each small topic, ***30 points) Only one of the four options listed in each small topic meets the requirements of the topic. Please fill in the code in brackets after the question. Wrong selection, multiple selection or no selection will not be scored.

1. The tolerance of TV cameras is usually (b).

a . 1∶ 16 b . 1∶32 c . 1∶64d . 1∶ 128

2._ _ _ _ _ _ is the basic element of the visual image of TV pictures, and it is an important means to deal with modeling, composition, setting off the atmosphere, expressing emotions and embodying creative intentions. (4)

A. light B. color C. tone D. line

3. The _ _ _ _ camera is moderate in price, small and light, and suitable for flexible camera work such as news gathering.

B. Family B. Professional C. Broadcasting D.DV

4. _ _ _ _ _ is a picture showing the part above the knee or the scene of an adult. In a scene with a plot, it is often described as a narrative. (2)

A. Close shot B. Mid shot C. Panorama D. Foresight

5.______ _, also known as strong tone, the difference between light and shade in the picture is significant, and the contrast is strong. There are few levels of light and shade in the scene, and there is no transition. (1)

A. hard tone B. soft tone C. bright tone D. dark tone

6. _ _ _ _ refers to the people, scenery and space around the main object of the picture.

(b) A. Peer B. Prospect C. Background D. Environment

7. The environmental scope of _ _ _ has changed from small to large. (2)

A. Push the lens B. Pull the lens C. Shake the lens D. Follow the lens

8. The field of view of the lens refers to the angle formed by the edge of the effective imaging plane of the camera tube and the lens. (4)

A. front node B. center point C. back node D. focus

9. _ _ _ _ _ refers to a lens with a field of view angle greater than 60, which is a lens with a zoom lens with a focal length less than 25mm. (3)

A. long focal length lens B. standard lens C. wide-angle lens D. zoom lens

10. _ _ _ _ The light source is located at the back of the subject, so that one side of the subject receives light, but most of it does not. (c。

A. Side light B. Front light C. Side backlight D. Backlight

11._ _ _ can make the subject image in the middle of the picture clear, but its background is blurred or change the color of the surrounding scenery to highlight the subject image. (4)

A. fog mirror B. polygon mirror C. soft mirror D. halo mirror

12. Usually, the ratio of main light to _ _ _ determines the contrast of the subject. (3)

A. decorative lights B. auxiliary lights C. ambient light D. side lights

13._ _ _ _ _ is a kind of transmission lamp, which mostly uses timely halogen tungsten bulbs. (1)

A. spotlight B. astigmatism lamp C. battery lamp D. battery lamp

14. _ _ _ _ is the brightest of all colors. (4)

A. red b green c blue d yellow

15. _ _ _ _ programs include TV news, TV documentaries, documentary columns, etc. , based on the principle of truth and objectivity. (1)

A. Documentary B. Art C. Studio D. Location

2. Fill in the blanks (this big question * * 9 small questions, each empty 1 point, *** 15 point). Please fill in the correct answers in the blanks of each small question. You don't score if you fill it wrong or not.

16. The optical system of the camera consists of zoom lens, color temperature filter and red, green and blue light splitting system.

17. At the junction of the extremely bright scene and the extremely dark scene on the TV screen, at the junction of the wide brightness distance of the scene, there will be a phenomenon that strong light diffuses to weak light.

18. If the focal length of the camera is fixed, the camera will not push or pull.

19. The temporal characteristics of TV pictures mainly include singleness, continuity and simultaneity.

20. sports photography was shot through enlarger lens, either by changing the optical axis of the lens or moving the camera.

2 1. The focal length of the standard lens of a TV camera is usually 9-144 mm. ..

22. The viewing angle is mainly limited by two factors: the number of millimeters of the lens and the size of the lens CCD.

23. The long focal length lens has narrow viewing angle and small depth of field.

24. The auxiliary light, also called auxiliary light, is used to supplement the light of the main light.

Three. Noun explanation (this topic is entitled ***4 small questions, with 4 points for each small question, *** 16 points).

25. farewell

It is the size of the main body in the picture, which is used to illustrate different contents. Scenery is generally divided into five types: far, middle, near, special and complete.

Explain the distant environment, the middle subject and action, the specific content nearby, especially the specific description of the subject.

26. From the perspective of objectivity.

Is that the lens is viewed from a third-party perspective. General news, special topics and sports competitions are all objective angles. Corresponding to the objective angle is the subjective angle,

It is from the perspective of the main body of the program.

27. Relative aperture of lens

The maximum relative aperture (also called effective aperture) of a lens indicates the light transmission performance of the lens. The maximum relative aperture of the lens is large, and more light passes through.

It shows that the light transmission performance is strong. The maximum relative aperture of the lens is small, and less light passes through it, indicating that the light transmission performance is weak. The maximum relative aperture of the lens is fixed.

28. Camera scheduling

Also known as mirror transmission, it is a part of "scene scheduling".

In the filming of film and television programs, the appearance and moving route of characters, the position angle and moving route of cameras need to be set in advance.

In many cases, the lens and the subject in the lens will move.

This kind of deployment or control of the motion of the object and the motion of the lens in shooting can be called scene scheduling.

Camera scheduling is mainly accomplished by adjusting cameras.

Lens scheduling includes three parts: focal length change, position change and lens optical axis change.

Specifically, the scheduling of shots can actually be divided into two levels, one is the scheduling of a single shot,

The other level is the overall scheduling of the whole scene.

Scheduling content includes:

1) Determine the shooting position:

Including shooting angle, scene, viewpoint and so on. The shooting position needs to closely match the trajectory of the characters in the play, seek the best shooting position, and show the behavior, emotion, environmental atmosphere and spatial characteristics of the characters. And in the case of more characters, we must firmly lock the perspective on the main performance object. The so-called cross-sectional view with a peak on the ridge side, the determination of aircraft position is an important link in lens scheduling.

2) Choose the appropriate focal length:

The expressive force of wide angle and telephoto is obviously different. Wide angle is suitable for representing big environment and big scene, and introducing spatial relationship. With its depth of field, telephoto can highlight the main body in the picture or strengthen the distance relationship between objects.

Four, short answer questions (this big topic ***3 small questions, each small question 8 points, ***24 points)

29. What are the basic requirements for the selection of TV pictures?

First of all, the material can describe and express the content of the narrative.

The second requirement is to meet the requirements of film and television performance rules.

1) The depth of field of the picture is correct.

2) The shooting angle is reasonable

3) the picture composition is reasonable

4) The picture is complete, with pictures and left pictures.

30. What problems should we pay attention to when shooting and pushing the lens?

1) The lens should be continuous and can't stop.

2) Push the lens with a clear starting frame and the left picture.

3) The framing and the composition of the left picture should be reasonable.

3 1. What are the main functions of TV scene scheduling?

On the one hand, it refers to the spatial expression of drama art, that is, the purpose and logic of expressing the spatial position of the object.

The change of action route, direction range, spatial position of object, spatial relationship and environmental atmosphere caused by logic and psychological state.

Environment and expression;

On the other hand, it is "to match it with photography to meet the requirements of performance and beauty."

In short, scene scheduling includes the scheduling of shots and the scheduling of performance objects.

1) camera lens movement includes focal length change or position change and lens optical axis change, (lens scheduling)

2) The internal motion of the picture is the motion of the subject. (object scheduling)

Verb (abbreviation of verb) composition topic (this topic is *** 15 points)

32. Discuss how you understand the basic requirements of TV picture composition based on the TV programs you have watched.

Composition generally includes: scene, shooting angle, picture layout and picture depth of field.

The simplest concrete example is the host of news broadcast.

1) The scene is in the middle.

Can explain the specific broadcast action and part of the background of the announcer.

2) The shooting angle is horizontal and positive.

Adopting horizontal shooting, the picture is true and objective.

The action of the announcer's face and head is expressed from the front shooting angle, and the content is expressive.

3) The picture adopts the middle layout.

Let the announcer be in the middle of the picture, which reflects the authority of broadcasting.

4) The depth of field adopts the focal section of the header.

Shooting with the focal length of the header can make the picture not deform in the horizontal and depth directions.

If you have different opinions, let's discuss them together, hehe.

For information about TV cameras, you can refer to my Baidu space, which has a camera information area.