Why did people take pictures in the first place? The origin of the camera

Cameras have a wide range of uses

They can be used to take souvenirs or collect evidence, etc.

The following is an introduction to cameras

A different The light-transmitting box is a camera. A camera is a photographic equipment that uses photosensitive film to capture the scene. Its invention took a long time.

my country’s research on light and images has a very long history. As early as more than 400 BC, my country's "Mo Jing" recorded in detail the linear progression of light, the reflection of light, and the imaging phenomena of plane mirrors, concave mirrors, and convex mirrors. In the Song Dynasty, the principle of the "small hole imaging box" was also described in detail in the book "Mengxi Bi Tan" (1031-1095) written by Shen Kuo.

During the Renaissance in the 16th century, "imaging camera obscura" for painting appeared in Europe.

On August 19, 1839, French painter Daguerre announced his invention of "Daguerreotype", and the world's first portable wooden box camera was born.

In 1841, the optician Vogeland invented the first camera with an all-metal body. The camera is equipped with the world's first photographic lens designed by mathematical calculations with a maximum phase aperture of 1:3.4.

In 1845, the German von Martens invented the world's first rotating machine that could pan 150°. In 1849, David Brewster invented the stereo camera and the two-lens stereoscope. In 1861, physicist Maxwell invented the world's first color photograph.

In 1866, the German chemist Schott and the optician Agu invented the barium crown optical glass at Zeiss Company, which produced a positive light photographic lens and led to the rapid development of the design and manufacture of photographic lenses. In 1888, the American Kodak Company produced a new type of photosensitive material - soft, rewindable "film." This is a leap forward in photosensitive materials. In the same year, Kodak invented the world's first portable box camera that contained film.

In 1906, American George Silas used flash for the first time. In 1913, German Oscar Barnack developed the world's first 135mm camera.

In the first stage of camera development from 1839 to 1924, some novel button-shaped and pistol-shaped cameras also appeared.

The period from 1925 to 1938 was the second stage of camera development. During this period, German companies such as Leitz, Rollei, and Zeiss developed and produced dual-lens and single-lens reflex cameras with small sizes and aluminum alloy bodies.

During this stage, the performance of cameras was gradually improved and improved, optical viewfinders, rangefinders, self-timers, etc. were widely used, and the adjustment range of mechanical shutters continued to expand. The camera manufacturing industry began to mass-produce cameras, and camera manufacturers in various countries imitated Leica and Rolleiflex cameras. The sensitivity, resolution and latitude of black-and-white photosensitive films continued to improve; color photosensitive films began to be promoted, which led to the rapid expansion and professionalization of the photography team.

After 1939, it was the third stage of camera development. In the first half of this stage, that is, before the 1960s, the quality of black-and-white and color films was further improved, and the optical industry produced new optical glasses containing rare elements, such as lanthanum, titanium, cadmium and other glasses. This better corrects the aberrations of photographic lenses and enables lenses to rapidly develop in the direction of large apertures and multiple focal lengths. As a result, various photographic lenses such as zoom, telephoto, catadioptric, and wide-angle have emerged. Single-layer lens coating has been widely promoted. Cameras have structures such as automatic counter zero reset, automatic mirror reset, semi-automatic and fully automatic aperture contraction. The quality and output of cameras began to develop rapidly.

The period from the early 1960s to the present is the latter part of the third stage. During this period, Japan's Konishiroku Photography Company produced the world's first self-supporting focusing camera, the Konica C35A 135 camera. Then Japan produced the world's first dual-priority automatic exposure camera, the Meinon. Up to XDG type 135 single lens reflex camera. This pioneered the use of multiple exposure functions in one camera.

During this period, the optical transfer function theory entered the field of optical design, and photographic lenses with high imaging quality, good color reproduction, large aperture, and low distortion appeared. At the same time, lenses are developing in series, from fisheye lenses with a focal length of a few millimeters to super telephoto lenses with a focal length of up to 2 meters, and with perspective adjustment, zoom distance, night vision and other photographic lenses. Electronic technology has gradually penetrated into the inside of the camera, and various light metering, high-precision electronic mirror shutters, electronic focal plane shutters, and easy-to-control electronic self-timers have appeared one after another. Exposure compensation, storage memory, multi-recording functions, electric winding film, automatic focus and other functions are increasingly used in exquisite applications, and the high degree of automation, compactness and lightness have reached unprecedented heights. Various new cameras of high quality are constantly coming out with the development of high technology, thus providing very sophisticated equipment for the creation of photographic art.