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What are some foreign folktales?

A. What are the names of foreign myths and stories

1. Pandora’s Box

Pandora’s Box, also known as Pandora’s Box, Pandora’s Box, this is a The classic myth of ancient Greece. Pandora was the first human woman created by Zeus, mainly to take revenge on mankind. Because Prometheus, one of the gods, cared too much about humans, he angered Zeus.

Zeus first ordered Hephaestus, the god of fire, to mix water and soil to make a lovely woman in the image of the goddess; then he ordered Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty, to make a lovely woman in the image of the goddess. Aphrodite is doused with hormones that drive men crazy.

Hera gave her self-confidence and self-esteem. The goddess Athena taught women to weave and create beautiful clothes of various colors, making women look more colorful and charming; Hermo, the messenger of God Hermes taught her the gift of languages.

So Zeus injected vicious disaster behind this beautiful image. A complete woman is finally complete. The gods helped her get dressed, put on a headband (this headband was the work of Hephaestus, the god of fire), and a necklace of beads, making her as beautiful as a bride.

Hermes came up with the idea and said: "Call this woman Pandora, she is a gift from the gods to mankind." All the gods agreed with his suggestion. In ancient Greek, Pan means everything and Dora means gift.

"Pandora" means "the woman with all the gifts". After Pandora was created, Zeus ordered Hermes to bring her to Epimetheus, the brother of Prometheus.

Because he knew that Prometheus (meaning: prophet) would not accept the gift from him, he gave it to Epimetheus at the beginning. Epimetheus was stupid by nature, and then he gave it to Epimetheus. Coupled with Pandora's beauty and temptation, I accepted her.

2. Garden of Eden

The Garden of Eden is a paradise on earth. According to the records in the Bible, Old Testament, and Genesis, God, Jehovah, created Adam, the ancestor of mankind, in his own image. Then he created the woman Eve from one of Adam's ribs, and placed the first man and woman to live in the Garden of Eden.

The original text of the Bible contains the meaning of paradise. The Bible records that the Garden of Eden was in the east, and the poet Alighieri Dante's "Divine Comedy" placed the Garden of Eden at the top of Mount Purgatory. Four rivers flowed from the land of Eden and watered the garden.

The ancestors of mankind committed the original sin by eating the forbidden fruit and were exiled by God. This deed is called Paradise Lost. Correspondingly, after the Doomsday Judgment, humans are redeemed and return to paradise. This is called Paradise Regained.

3. Brahma created the world

A long time ago, there was no sun, no moon, and no stars in the world, just a vast ocean. One day, a seed floated into the water and gradually turned into a golden round egg (called a Brahma egg in Indians). It floats on the water year after year, day after day.

Suddenly one day, the Brahma opened, and Brahma, the originator and creator of all things: the God of Art, jumped out from it. He has four long arms, four huge hands, and four yellow-black faces, facing two to four directions, southeast, west and west.

It is said that they respectively symbolize the four Vedas: "Rig Veda", "Sama Veda", "Yajur Veda" and "Atharva Veda"; at the same time, they represent the four castes. : Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Sudras. From staying too long in the golden egg.

Brahma was angry, so he raised his hand and pushed the upper part of the golden egg upward eighteen thousand miles. This was what would become heaven; he stepped on his foot again and pushed the lower part of the golden egg upward. Pressing down twenty-five thousand miles, it becomes a vast and generous land; in the middle, a clear sky forms.

Next, Brahma determined a position, distinguished years, months, and days, and created language. After doing this, Brahma lay down on the earth he had created and fell asleep with great satisfaction. But when he lay down, he inadvertently kicked where he was standing.

These lands sank to the bottom of the water and became today’s seabed. The unevenness of the seabed is the result of Brahma's ten toes exerting different force. After sleeping for who knows how many years, Brahma finally woke up. He stretched his waist and decided to walk around, so he put on white clothes.

Wearing a white garland, holding religious instruments, rosary beads, lotus flowers and books in his hands, he set off on a swan. He stopped and walked, and finally found that there was no one else in the world except him. There was only water, and Brahma thought: "This world is too deserted and desolate.

Am I just going to be with water every day? Wouldn't that be very lonely? No, I want to create, create harmony Living beings like me, I want to make this land full of 'me' presence." Thinking of this, Brahma began to use the power of God.

Then, out of his heart jumped out the eldest son Morizi, out of his eyes jumped out the second son Adili, out of his mouth came out the third son Angelo, out of his ears crawled out the fourth son Pulu Privately; and the five sons complemented Luoha, and the six sons Crotu fell from the nose.

The son Daksha grew out of the toe of his right foot, and the daughter Bilini grew out of the toe of his left foot. After an unknown amount of time, Brahma's last son Rudra, the God of Destruction, appeared on his angry forehead. He usually stood calmly on the side of the gods.

But secretly, they often accept the incense from some monsters and become their backing. So later he became the son of Shiva, one of the three great gods. Not only did he have endless wonderful appearances, but he also had three eyes. When he is angry.

The eye with one or two on the forehead will spit out the three flavors of true fire and burn everything. Soon, Brahma's first son Molizhi created the lord Kashyapa; Adili created the son Bodhidharma, the god of justice, and the moon god Soma, and Angelo became the teacher and priest of the gods of Jupiter.

He created the priest and became the ancestor of the entire Angelo family. Xinliqu grew from the skin of Brahma. His son Ushanath was Taibaijinxing, who was extremely intelligent. Proficient in magic and transformation. He was hired as a mentor and priest by the Asuras.

Later, Brahma's son Dali and his daughter Rini got married and gave birth to seventy daughters. Thirteen of them were married to the sage Kasyapa; the other thirty-seven were betrothed to the moon god Soma. Later they all became the twenty-seven constellations in the sky.

The rest were also married to gods or gods. The sons born to Kasyapa and Daksha's eldest daughter Disi and second daughter Tannu were all extremely brave and intelligent. Not only do they know many spells and can change their bodies at will, but they can also use many magics.

They possess countless gold and silver treasures. They have also built three cities of gold, silver and iron in the sky, on the earth and underground. They are called Ditya and Danava, and collectively they are called Asuras. Aditi, the third daughter of Kasyapa and Daksha, gave birth to twelve gods.

Most of them are also quite outstanding. Such as Mitra and Varuna, the gods of the ocean, Dashta, the great craftsman god, Surya, the sun god, the Emperor of Heaven, Indra, the god of thunder and lightning, Vayu, the wind god, Pushan, the god of roads, etc.

Especially the youngest son Vishnu, he is brave and kind. He has been reincarnated many times to eliminate evil and promote good, save gods and humans, and become one of the most famous protectors of the three gods. From then on, Brahma and his descendants began to create the world, save or destroy it.

4. Damocles Sword

In the fourth century BC, King Dionysius of Syracuse (430-367 BC) in eastern Sicily attacked the aristocratic forces and established the Athenian-style democratic regime, but met with dissatisfaction and opposition from the nobles, which made him feel that although his power was great, his position was not reliable.

Once he discussed this issue with his favorite Damocles and expressed his views to him in a vivid way. In order to satisfy the greed of his favorite Damocles, he entrusted the palace to him and gave him full power to realize any of his desires.

During the grand celebration banquet, Damocles, who pursued vanity and was passionate about snobbery, looked up and saw a sharp long sword hanging heavily upside down under the ceiling above his seat, with only one hilt. A piece of horsehair was tied up and was about to fall off his head. He was so frightened that he left the table and ran away.

At this time King Dionysius came out and said: "This sharp sword (on the head of Damocles) is a symbol of danger that threatens the king every minute. As for the king's happiness and Peace is just an external phenomenon. ”

B. Top Ten Foreign Folk Stories

God Zeus, Apollo, Goddess of Wisdom Athena, God of Agriculture Demeter, Poseidon, the God of the Sea, Hera, the Queen of Heaven, the Danish Mermaid Romance Legend, the City of Dreams - Bangkok, the Eternal City - Rome

C. Famous Foreign Folk Stories

Foreign Folk Story:

The Happy Princess in the Pigsty In a huge castle, there is a beautiful princess named Isa. She wears beautiful clothes every day, wears a glittering crown, and wears curly hair. A servant combs her long curly hair every day, and there are six maids dedicated to protecting her when she plays. Others think she is the happiest child in the world, but Princess Isha does not think so. She seems very unhappy every day. "Baby, you are the happiest child in the world." The queen always said this to her. One morning, Isa jumped out of bed and shouted, "I don't want to be a princess anymore. It's so boring!" Then she took off her crown and threw it into the goldfish pond outside the window. The attendants quickly reported to the king. Collection of Foreign Folktales What are the foreign folktales? (Photo source: Photo Network) "Bring up your crown!" the king ordered. Isa said: "I don't want it! I don't want to be a princess! Princesses can't do anything fun!" The king was so angry that his hair stood up. "Before she fished the crown out of the goldfish pond, he took her to the pigsty. !" The entourage took Isha to the pigsty... Isha started to feed the pigs, clean the pigsty and so on. The piglets nudged her gently with their pink noses. Three days later, the king came to see her and said, "Isa, you look dirty." "Yes. But did you know that piglets eat potatoes?" Isa touched her weed-like hair.

The king shouted: "I will give you one last chance to fish your crown out of the goldfish pond." "I don't want it!" Isa shouted, "I would rather help in the pigsty!" When night fell At that time, the king fished out his daughter's crown, and then he went to look for her in the pigsty. The king and Isa sat side by side, "You are dirty, but you look happy!" "Yes, father!" Isa said happily, "This is the happiest time in my life!" "Okay." The king sighed and said, "This is your crown. When you want to come back, come back. I miss you!" "Father, I can wear the crown anytime." Isa said, "Maybe I You can wear it when picking blueberries. Did you know that blueberries can be used to make jam?" "I don't know," the king said, "but you can try it for me." The king kissed his daughter's dirty cheek. Kissed his nose. Then they returned to the castle hand in hand. Later, Isha would often go to work in the pig pen.

D. What are the European folktales?

Among European folktales, German stories are always very interesting. The most interesting one is probably "The Adventures of the Bragg King" (or (Translated from "The Strange Travels of Münchhausen"), it boasted so much that everything seemed to be well-founded. A piece of lard caught dozens of wild ducks, and the cherry pit that was driven into a deer's head grew into a cherry tree. When I was a child, it was on one side. I laughed while reading this book.

British folktales seem to have inherited more of the Homeric narrative style. "The Canterbury Tales" is the most typical. It seems that the author himself does not care much about whether the plot of the story is interesting or not, but spends a lot of time on it. A lot of effort is spent on narrative techniques, and most stories always bear heavy historical traces. Ghost knights, martyred saints, smugglers' love, black dragons... are all symbols of the long Middle Ages, "Gulliver's Travels" In fact, it is an irony of British society at that time. Even in the later "Paradise Lost" and later "The Lord of the Rings: Trilogy" (I thought the prototype of the dark forces in the Lord of the Rings was actually the Mongolians that Europeans talked about at the time), they all carried this traditional feeling. brand.

E. What are the foreign mythological stories?

There are four major mythological systems in existence in foreign countries.

As a special ideology, myth is the product of a certain historical stage. It has the characteristics of collectiveness, concreteness, fantasy and other characteristics. The core of myths is belief, that is, the belief that everything said in myths is true. In the era when myths were produced, myths had strong authority and functionality. For people of that era, myths were both an online encyclopedia of knowledge and a code of conduct in real life. Some people say that myths are the Bible of primitive society.

Myth, in terms of its external form, is the earliest comprehensive cultural creation of mankind in primitive times; in terms of its internal form, it is the ideology of primitive mankind; in terms of its function , is a way for primitive humans to understand and grasp the world and a code of conduct for maintaining interpersonal relationships. It is the earliest cultural complex created by humans. For us modern people, myth is a symbolic (symbol) system, which means that its external form is inconsistent with the meaning behind it. Its "meaning is greater than its form", so there is a "decoding" of myths. The problem is that there is an obvious difference between myth and history. But there are indeed historical factors in myths, because myths are reflections of their times.

Because myth is the oldest cultural creation, each primitive ethnic group has created its own mythology. To sum up, myths generally go through three stages from emergence to maturity. That is, from animalistic myths to fairy myths, to highly personalized heroic myths. Of course, due to different living conditions and differences in historical development, different countries and nations have different specific forms of expression in these three stages, but the overall framework is roughly the same. Some backward peoples, such as the aborigines of Australia, whose mythology is still in its first stage, provide us with living fossil samples. In the process of historical development, many primitive ethnic groups died out, and the myths they created also disappeared. The myths that exist in the world and have a complete system are generally believed to have five major systems:

1. Ancient India Myth

The formation of Indian mythology is closely related to its own history. Around 3000 BC, civilization appeared in the Indus River Basin. Around 2000 BC, a group of Aryans migrating south invaded India. After countless wars, their forces entered the Ganges River Basin from the Indus River Basin and wreaked havoc. Enslaving the local indigenous people, the indigenous civilization of the Indus Valley was destroyed and changed. Ancient Indian mythology is mainly preserved in the Vedas, Brahma Purana, Vishnu Purana, Shiva Purana, Dapeng Purana, and Ramayana. , "Mahabharata" and other books.

Although Chinese mythology has its own characteristics, such as premature historicization and moralization, the general trend is still the same. The myths in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" can represent the first stage. By the time of the Yellow Emperor, if its historical and moral elements were eliminated, it should be classified as a heroic myth. The Yellow Emperor is a combination of the supreme god, the god of thunder and lightning, a heroic ancestor, and a cultural hero. This complex includes the long process from the emergence of patrilineal communes, through struggles between tribes, to the gradual formation of the Chinese nation. The Yellow Emperor embodies the people's creation and people's beliefs.

F. Foreign countries, folktales

A fruitful result of decades of research on folk literature by the internationally renowned American folklorist Steve Thompson (1885-1970). The book uses historical and geographical research methods to sort out, arrange and classify folk tales spread around the world, trace their origins and explore the development and evolution of various stories, as well as the different types and themes of mother-in-law and daughter-in-law stories. Forming the core and the moral concepts it declares, in order to reveal the original appearance of the story, in order to understand culture, human folk customs, religion, witchcraft, morality, law, language, art and various mentalities of people in social life, in order to understand and study Folk literature around the world provides a wealth of information. This is a valuable academic work with detailed story material and detailed theory on mother-in-law and daughter-in-law.

G. What are some foreign folktales?

Being righteous and saving others is worthy of praise, but being innocent is not easy. Next we will tell the story of a man who is completely innocent.

In ancient Japan, there was a man named Kumamoto, who was a subordinate of Hosokawa Marquis and had a very low position. He was short in stature, plain in appearance, with a sallow complexion and a slightly sickly appearance. He was not very old, but his face was deeply wrinkled, his hair was messy, and his beard was fluffy. Although he is not handsome in appearance and his family is very poor, he is simple and loyal in daily life. He also believes in Buddhism and his friends and neighbors have a good impression of him.

One day, while he was sitting at the door basking in the sun, he saw a second-hand goods collector passing by with a pair of baskets. As he walked, he shouted: "There are old clothes and shoes, and second-hand goods and antiques are easy to sell!" When Xiongben saw a wooden Buddha in his basket, he stopped him and said, "Hey, collector of second-hand goods, you are not afraid of sin. How come you can even buy and sell Bodhisattva?" The collector of second-hand goods saw that he was a businessman. I didn't dare to be too presumptuous, so I had to laugh and say, "I don't know something. From those who eat our bowl of rice, we will accept whatever they are willing to sell. Since they are willing to sell the Bodhisattva, I will accept it." Kumamoto respectfully took the Bodhisattva with his hands and looked at it. It turned out that it was a Guanyin Bodhisattva, carved from boxwood. This Buddha statue is 1 foot tall, the carving is simple and meticulous, the paint is exquisite, and it is heavy in the hand. He was happy in his heart, but he was also afraid that the Bodhisattva would be blasphemed by being thrown around, so he bought it for 200 pennies. The second-hand goods collector originally bought it for 150 pennies, and resold it for 50 pennies, so he sold it. Forget it.

H. What are the foreign folktales?

Collection of foreign folktales Foreign folktales 1: The happy princess in the pigsty In a huge castle, there is a beautiful princess Called Isa. She wears beautiful clothes every day, wears a glittering crown, and has curly hair. Servants comb her long curly hair every day, and there are six maids dedicated to protecting her when she plays. Others think she is the happiest child in the world, but Princess Isha does not think so. She looks very unhappy every day. "Baby, you are the happiest child in the world." The queen always said this to her. One morning, Isa jumped out of bed and shouted, "I don't want to be a princess anymore. It's so boring!" Then she took off her crown and threw it into the goldfish pond outside the window. The attendants quickly reported to the king. Collection of Foreign Folktales What are the foreign folktales? (Photo source: Photo Network) "Bring up your crown!" the king ordered. Isa said: "I don't want it! I don't want to be a princess! Princesses can't do anything fun!" The king was so angry that his hair stood up. "Before she fished the crown out of the goldfish pond, he took her to the pigsty. !" The entourage took Isha to the pigsty... Isha began to feed the pigs, clean the pigsty and so on. The piglets nudged her gently with their pink noses. Three days later, the king came to see her and said, "Isa, you look dirty." "Yes. But did you know that piglets eat potatoes?" Isa touched her weed-like hair. The king shouted: "I will give you one last chance to fish your crown out of the goldfish pond." "I don't want it!" Isa shouted, "I would rather help in the pigsty!" When night fell At that time, the king fished out his daughter's crown, and then he went to look for her in the pigsty. The king and Isa sat side by side, "You are dirty, but you look happy!" "Yes, father!" Isa said happily, "This is the happiest time in my life!" "Okay." The king sighed and said, "This is your crown. When you want to come back, come back. I miss you!" "Father, I can wear the crown anytime." Isa said, "Maybe I You can wear it when picking blueberries. Did you know that blueberries can be used to make jam?" "I don't know," the king said, "but you can try it for me." The king kissed his daughter's dirty cheek. Kissed his nose. Then they returned to the castle hand in hand. Later, Isha would often go to work in the pig pen.

I. What are the European folktales?

European folktales include: "The Little Mouse and the Elephant", "The Kite", "The Farmer and the Snake", "The Tortoise and the Hare" etc.

1. The story of "The Little Mouse and the Elephant" mainly tells that the elephant was caught in the hunter's net. On the verge of life and death, the mouse bit through the net and saved the elephant. The elephant and the mouse became good friends. friend.

One day the mouse was caught by the lion, but the elephant saved the mouse. The mouse was very grateful to the elephant for saving his life. Another day, the mouse and the elephant had a falling out. No one paid attention to the other. In the end, the elephant was captured by the hunter and the mouse was eaten by the lion.

4. "The Tortoise and the Hare" is an intriguing fable in which a proud hare and a persevering little tortoise are portrayed. This story tells everyone: Don’t underestimate others easily. Humility makes people progress, and pride makes people fall behind. Only by doing things in a down-to-earth manner and not giving up halfway can we achieve success. In addition, we cannot be proud because we are better than others, and we cannot use our strengths to compare with others' weaknesses, but rather Learn from each other's strengths and offset weaknesses.