Catalogue of spine surgery

The development of the first spinal cord

Section II Vertebral Morphology

Connection between the third spine and spinal canal

Section 4 Blood supply to spine

The fifth spinal nerve and its capsule

Section 6 Spinal fascia and muscles Section 1 Clinical examination and diagnosis

Section II Imaging Diagnosis of Spinal Surgery

Section 3 Other Special Examination of Spinal Surgery Section 1 Clinical Manifestations of Spinal Cord Injury

Biological mechanism of spinal cord injury in the second quarter

Section III Classification of Spinal Cord Injury

Chapter 1 Anatomy, Physiology and Kinematics of Spinal Surgery

The first vertebra and its accessories

Joints of the second spine

Anatomical characteristics of the third cervical vertebra and its clinical significance

Muscles and fascia of the fourth vertebra

Ligament of fifth spinal column

Section 6 Physiological Bending of Spine

The seventh spinal cord membrane

Section 8 Blood supply of spinal cord

Section 9 the movement of the spine

Section 10 Biomechanics of Spine Bearing

Section 11 The posture of the human body

Chapter II Spinal Examination

The first section general examination

Section 2 Local Examination of Spine

Chapter III X-ray Diagnosis Basis of Spinal Diseases

Normal X-ray Anatomy and Variation of the First Section Spine

Basic X-ray Manifestations of Vertebral Lesions in the Second Section

X-ray manifestations of intervertebral space lesions in the third section

X-ray manifestations of spinal canal lesions in the fourth section

X-ray manifestations of intervertebral foramen lesions in the fifth section

X-ray manifestations of joint lesions of vertebral arch and articular process in the sixth section

X-ray manifestations of paravertebral tissue lesions in the seventh section

Section 8 Special Photography of Vertebra

Chapter IV Acute Neck Injury

The fifth chapter lumbar sprain

Attachment: subluxation of sacroiliac joint

Chapter VI Spinal cord injury

Section 1 Introduction

Cervical spine injury in the second section

Thoracolumbar injury in the third section (no spinal cord or cauda equina injury)

Sacrococcygeal injury in the fourth section

Chapter VII Spinal cord injury

Section 1 Etiology of Spinal Cord Injury

Section 2 Pathology and Pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury

Section 3 Clinical examination of spinal cord injury

Section 4 Diagnosis of Spinal Cord Injury

Section 5 Differential Diagnosis of Spinal Cord Injury

Section 6 Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury

Section 7 Functional Reconstruction of Spinal Cord Injury

Section VIII Prognosis of Spinal Cord Injury

Section 9 Complications and Prevention of Spinal Cord Injury

Chapter 8 Rupture of fibrous ring of lumbar intervertebral disc

Pathogenesis of the first lumbar disc annulus fibrosus rupture

Incidence rate of annulus fibrosus rupture in the second lumbar intervertebral disc

Clinical manifestations of fibrous ring rupture of lumbar intervertebral disc in the third section

Examination and signs of rupture of fibrous ring of lumbar intervertebral disc in the fourth section

Diagnosis of Rupture of Fibrous Ring of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc

Differential diagnosis of fibrous ring rupture of lumbar intervertebral disc

Section VII Prevention and Treatment of Rupture of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Fibrous Ring

Chapter IX Chronic Low Back Pain

Section 1 Clinical classification of chronic low back pain

Section 2 Etiology, Classification and Nerve Connection of Chronic Low Back Pain

The pathogenesis of chronic low back pain in the third quarter

The fourth section of TCM understanding of low back pain

Section 5 Clinical Examination and Data Collection

Section 6 Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of chronic low back pain

Section 7 Chronic ligament injury and others

Section 8 Prevention of Low Back Pain

Section 9 Treatment of Low Back Pain

Section 10 strives to improve the level of prevention, diagnosis, treatment and scientific research of low back and leg pain.

Chapter 10 Tail pain

Chapter II XI Myofascial Fibrositis of Neck Back and Waist

Chapter XII Suppurative Spinal Osteomyelitis

Chapter XIII Spinal Tuberculosis

The incidence of spinal tuberculosis in the first quarter

Section 2 Pathology of Spinal Tuberculosis

Clinical manifestations of spinal tuberculosis in the third quarter

Section 4 Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis

Section 5 Differential Diagnosis of Spinal Tuberculosis

Section 6 Treatment of Spinal Tuberculosis

Section 7 Therapeutic Effect and Cure Standard of Spinal Tuberculosis

Section 8 Prognosis of Spinal Tuberculosis

Section 9 discusses the treatment of spinal tuberculosis.

Chapter XIV Ankylosing Spondylitis

Incidence of ankylosing spondylitis

Chapter 15 Congenital Spinal Malformation

Section 1 Atlantooccipital malformation

Short neck deformity in the second section (Klippel-Feil syndrome)

The third section spinal fusion deformity

Section 4 Transitional Vertebra (Transitional Vertebra)

Section 5 spina bifida

Section 6 Vertebral Malformation

Lamineous deformity of the seventh section

Articular process deformity of the eighth section

Section 9 transverse process deformity

Spinous process deformity of the tenth section

Section 11 Lumbosacral dysplasia

Chapter 16 Neck Rib

Chapter 17 Torticollis

Chapter 18 Spinal disintegration and spondylolisthesis

Etiology of spinal disintegration and spondylolisthesis

Chapter 19 Scoliosis

Etiology, classification and characteristics of scoliosis

Pathology of scoliosis

Clinical manifestations of scoliosis

X-ray examination of scoliosis

Pulmonary function examination of scoliosis

Prognosis of scoliosis

Treatment of scoliosis

Chapter 20 Osteochondrosis of the Spine

Chapter XXI Degenerative Diseases of Vertebral Joint

Section 1 Introduction

Section 2 Degenerative Osteoarthropathy of Cervical Spine

Section III Degenerative Osteoarthropathy of Thoracic Vertebra

Section IV Lumbar Degenerative Osteoarthropathy

Chapter 22 Osteoporosis

Incidence of osteoporosis

Skeletal basis of osteoporosis

Classification of osteoporosis

Etiology of osteoporosis

Pathology of osteoporosis

Clinical manifestations of osteoporosis

Diagnosis of osteoporosis

Differential diagnosis of osteoporosis

Treatment of osteoporosis

Chapter 23 skeletal fluorosis

Distribution of fluorine and its biological effects

Metabolism of fluorine

Pathology of skeletal fluorosis

Clinical manifestations of skeletal fluorosis

X-ray examination of skeletal fluorosis

Laboratory examination of skeletal fluorosis

Diagnosis and clinical staging of skeletal fluorosis

Differential diagnosis of skeletal fluorosis

Prevention of skeletal fluorosis

Treatment of skeletal fluorosis

Chapter XXIV Spinal Tumors

Section 1 Primary Benign Spinal Tumor

Section 2 Primary Benign Spinal Accessory Tissue Tumor

Section III Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Principles of Spinal Malignant Tumors

Section 4 Primary Malignant Tumors of Spine

Section 5 Primary malignant spinal accessory tissue tumor

Section 6 Spinal metastasis

Section 7 Spinal Lesions Similar to Tumors