What is the basic principle of structure?

The basic principles of composition are contrast and balance.

1, compare.

The foundation work of design theory in the 20th century came from Germany in the 1920s, with the emphasis on Bauhaus. His composition theory is based on a simple concept: contrast. Contrast between light and shade, shape, color and even feeling are the basis of an image.

The first exercise Itten asked Bauhaus students to do was to find and describe various possible contrasts, including: big/small, long/short, smooth/rough, transparent/opaque and so on. These are all art training, but they are also suitable for photography training.

Itten's purpose is to "awaken the vivid feelings of the subject through personal observation", and his practice is a means to enter and explore the design field.

2. Balance.

The core concept of composition is balance. Balance is the result of tension, and the opposite influences match each other to provide a sense of balance and coordination. The basic principle of vision is that the eyes always try to find some kind of balance force of tension. Balance is harmony, a result and a state of intuitive aesthetic pleasure. In this case, the balance can come from any image element in the photo.

There are two different types of equilibrium. One is symmetrical or static, and the other is dynamic. In symmetrical balance, the arrangement of tension is centered-everything is at the same distance from the center of the photo.

In order to achieve this effect, we can put the main body of the photo in the center of the picture. In our simulation scale, this position is just the fulcrum, that is, the balance point. Another way to achieve static balance is to put two equal components on both sides of the center and keep the same distance.

Composition:

The name composition comes from western art, and there is a course called composition in western painting. In the theory of Chinese painting, the name of composition is not composition, but layout, or quotient. In other words, photographic composition is transformed from artistic composition, which we can simply call framing.

Whether it is the layout in Chinese painting or the framing in photography, it only involves part of the composition, and it cannot contain the full meaning of composition. Therefore, it is more scientific and accurate to use the word "component" uniformly.

Practically speaking, a successful photographic work of art is the success of composition first. Successful composition practice can make the content of the work logical, focused, prominent and pleasing to the eye. On the contrary, it will affect the effect of the work, which is chaotic and lacks hierarchy, and the whole work is unintelligible.