How to create the spatial relationship between art and photographic works

Lead: There are eight ways to create a spatial relationship in art, photography and film and television works. In this tutorial, we will use some examples and suggestions to understand these eight methods.

Create a spatial relationship with air.

The air here refers to fog, which can have a similar effect in China. Air can reduce the visibility of objects far away from the camera/audience. Here are some examples:

In the above picture, due to the fog, we see that the details of the background are reduced, and the mountains and other objects look blurred. The foreground of the picture is rich in color (there is warm color on the rusty platform and a little warm color on the hangar), and the background is only painted with a layer of cyan.

In the above picture, the rich details and high contrast in the foreground are in obvious contrast with the blur caused by fog in the background.

The method of using air to create spatial relationship is more suitable for painting, and it is often used when the foreground and background need to be far away. Here are some other examples:

Create spatial relationship with color

Color gives the audience a sensory experience. On a black (darker) background, warm colors look closer to us, and cool colors look farther away. On a light background, the situation is just the opposite. The following color chart illustrates this theory:

The trick of using color to create a spatial relationship is to look at the background color and decide the direction of color matching according to the brightness of the background color. For this theory, many designers have their own ideas, and the author has found the simplest way, which is to determine the basic color (main color) of your work first, and then use the color according to the foreground and background. For example, if you are drawing a portrait of a character, the skin color of the character is usually warmer. Therefore, the use of cool tones on the background color will create a spatial relationship. For another example, if you are drawing a glass of water, it is usually cold, then you may need a warm background color.

At the same time, in the process of designing color matching, it is not necessary to use all-round colors. Only using three or even two tones can make the image expressive. For example, a sci-fi picture with a blue tone can create a spatial relationship by adding some blue-green to the foreground and making the background color tend to purple-blue. The following are some examples of pictures based on dark background and using color to create spatial relationship:

To be fair, also give some examples of lighting background:

Creating spatial relationship with linear perspective

Almost all of us have learned this method in art class. This is actually what we usually talk about? Perspective? . This is a way to make the object converge to infinity through the line relationship, giving people the illusion that the object is moving. When we look at the trajectories, we can feel that although the two trajectories are actually parallel, it seems that they are gradually converging and getting farther and farther away from us because of the way we perceive them. This is why the sun is so many times bigger than the earth, but it seems that the sun is only as big as a washbasin. The following are some examples of creating spatial relationships using linear perspective:

Create a spatial relationship with light.

Any shadowed image is based on light. A brighter part of the image means that this side is closer to the light source. In a scattered light environment, such as outdoors, the light source comes from the sky, darker objects are closer to the viewer, and brighter objects look farther away.

In the picture below, it was originally just a picture with two circles, which had no three-dimensional sense. After adding a light source to the right, the same picture immediately appears spatial relationship.

Here are some other examples:

Use shadows to create spatial relationships.

The relationship between this method and the method of light creation is like two sides of a coin, which is also reflected in any shadow picture. In the same diagram as before, we can see the spatial relationship after adding shadows.

Where there is light, there is shadow. The following is the effect after adding light and shadow at the same time. The spatial relationship is very obvious.

Use hard and soft lines (for painting)

This method is mainly used in painting, where the lines of distant objects are soft and the lines of foreground objects are hard. This method is very common in traditional animation works, that is, the lines in the background are softer than those in the foreground. Here is an example:

Use focus to create spatial relationships.

This way is easy to understand in photography. By focusing, the object struggling with the viewer becomes clear, while the object at the far end becomes blurred. On the contrary, focusing on distant objects will blur the close shot, which can also create a spatial relationship. It is easy to understand, so there are not many examples:

Using dynamic method to establish spatial relationship

This method follows the dynamic law. A moving object (such as a train) seems to move faster in a short distance and slower in a long distance.

Because this method is based on dynamic laws, it is mainly used to represent dynamic objects. In photography, it can appear as blurred foreground or background. (For example, shooting a slow-door racing car and pulling the background to make a radial blur effect)