What is the main relationship between the structural characteristics of animals and plants in nature?

Terrestrial ecosystem refers to the ecological environment that constitutes terrestrial vivid plants, such as the subtropical jungle in Xishuangbanna, China, Asian elephants, South China tigers and clouded leopards in the jungle, together with various birds and other small animals, forming a complete ecosystem. For example, in many grasslands in northern China, there are not only scenes of wind and grass and flocks of cattle and sheep everywhere, but also a paradise for all kinds of wild animals and birds. The snowy plateau and Gobi desert look desolate, but they not only have life, but also have their own ecosystems because of interdependence and environmental impact.

Freshwater ecosystem usually refers to the interdependence between freshwater organisms in rivers, lakes and swamps and the natural environment generated by them. In this ecosystem, the main body is fresh water, and all other aquatic animals and plants are objects. As long as it doesn't destroy the fresh water environment of the subject, the object generally won't have much problem. Then, this ecosystem can basically maintain balance.

Marine ecosystem, as its name implies, refers to the natural environment formed by various animal and plant groups under the main conditions of the ocean. The sea is rough and unruly, but the underwater world photographed by underwater cameras is so quiet, peaceful, warm and wonderful!

The various ecosystems that make up the biosphere have their own characteristics in structure and function and play a special role. * * * Maintain the normal function of the biosphere, which is what we usually call ecological balance.

Food chain refers to the food network relationship formed by mutual restriction and interdependence among organisms. For example, carnivores in grassland ecology-herbivores and insects-birds, restrict each other and thrive. The relationship between them is unity of opposites and natural harmony. On the African savannah, carnivores such as lions, cheetahs and hunting dogs specialize in herbivores, and their killing of wildebeests and even zebras is very brutal. However, this cruel killing is not only necessary for the survival and reproduction of carnivores, but also an essential factor for maintaining the lush grassland plants and ecological balance. Without the control of carnivores on herbivores, herbivores will develop rapidly. When the number of herbivores reaches a certain level, the grassland will be overwhelmed and degraded, and the herbivores will lose the conditions for survival and development. Killing herbivores by carnivores can not only control the number of herbivores, but also improve the quality of herbivores in a sense. After a long-term field investigation, biologists have proved that carnivores often choose sickly herbivores in the hunting process, which is undoubtedly conducive to the survival of the fittest. From this point of view, the brutal killing of herbivores by carnivores is natural and reasonable.

Carnivores feed on herbivores, which protect the grassland while controlling the number of herbivores. All kinds of birds prey on insects, just like carnivores, and also play a role in protecting grasslands. The excrement of birds and animals has become a good fertilizer to promote the growth of various plants. This food chain with plants as the main body and herbivores, carnivores and insects-birds as the objects plays an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of grassland. Hulunbeier grassland is one of the largest grasslands in northern China, and the largest animal husbandry base in China, with abundant pasture and flocks of cattle and sheep. However, in history, because of the wild wolves here, it poses a serious threat to the development of animal husbandry. In order to protect human and animal safety, local herders once organized large-scale wild wolf hunting activities, and the number of wild wolves decreased sharply. The remaining wolves no longer dared to take the grassland as their home and feed on cattle and sheep, and all moved to the deep mountains and forests. The wolves disappeared and animal husbandry developed unprecedentedly. At the same time, the number of cattle and sheep has been increasing, and rabbits have also developed at an alarming rate. Rabbits and cattle and sheep compete for pasture, and the grassland is unbearable, which leads to the rapid degradation of grassland and the danger of desertification.

Facts make people realize that once there is a problem in any link of the food chain, disaster will soon come. Wolves will poach cattle and sheep when they are hungry, but under normal circumstances wolves feed on rabbits. From this point of view, it is wild wolves that control the reproduction and development of rabbits, avoid the phenomenon that rabbits compete with cattle and sheep for food, and ensure the normal ecological environment of grassland. After the herdsmen realized this natural law, they were much more tolerant of wild wolves. They never talked about the color change of wolves again, and they beat them whenever they saw it.

Man is not only a part of the biosphere, but also plays a leading role in various ecosystems of the biosphere. People can protect various ecosystems and promote ecological balance through their own efforts; People can also plunder resources and destroy the ecological balance for their own vital interests. We must be soberly aware that human beings cannot exist supernatural, and protecting ecological balance is also protecting human beings themselves. Once the ecological balance is destroyed, the whole biosphere is threatened, and human beings themselves are doomed.