Nujiang (Jiang Ming) Detailed Data Collection

Salween and China are called Nujiang River. Nujiang River is a big river in the southwest of China, also called Lujiang River. Its upstream Tibetan language (Tibetan:) is called "Naqu River", which originated from Jire Paige at the southern foot of Tanggula in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It goes deep into the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, obliquely crosses the shallow valley in eastern Tibet from northwest to southeast of the First Bay of Nujiang River, flows southward into Yunnan Province, passes through Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture, Baoshan City and Dehong Autonomous Prefecture, flows into Myanmar, is renamed salween, and finally flows into the Andaman Sea in the Indian Ocean. The total length from Heyuan to Hekou is 3,240 kilometers, the China part is 20 13 kilometers, and the Yunnan section is 650 kilometers long. The total basin area is 325,000 square kilometers, and the China part137,800 square kilometers; The total runoff is about 70 billion cubic meters, and the basin area of the province is 33,500 square kilometers, accounting for 8.7% of the area of Yunnan Province. The sixth reservoir of Nujiang River has also become the only river in China without a hydropower station.

Basic introduction Chinese name: mbth of Nujiang River: total drainage area of salween: 325,000 square kilometers Tibetan: total runoff of Naqu River: about 70 billion cubic meters, total length: 3,240 kilometers Nickname: Lujiang and salween flow through the country: China, length of rivers bordering Myanmar: Liu Huiyan (Yunnan section)? Watershed area, other names, river division, Grand Canyon, First Bay, Xuefeng, Nujiang Bridge, Nujiang Bathhouse Club, salween, Nujiang (Nujiang or Nujiang) in China. Nujiang, also known as Lujiang, is a big river in the southwest of China. Its upstream is called Naqu River in Tibetan, which originated from Jire Paige at the southern foot of Tanggula in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It goes deep into the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with its source called Najinqu, flows into Cuona Lake to the south, flows through Naqu County to the east, and is called Nujiang River after it joins the tributaries on the right bank. It turns south near Qamdo, Tibet, between Nu Mountain and Gaoligong Mountain, almost parallel to Lancang River, passes through Nujiang Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Baoshan City and Dehong Autonomous Prefecture, and enters Myanmar near Zhang Sai, Baoshan District, Yunnan Province. After flowing into Myanmar, it was renamed salween. Salween flows southward through the Shan Plateau and finally flows into Andaman in the Indian Ocean near Mahlman. The total length from Heyuan to Hekou is 3,240 kilometers, the China part is 20 13 kilometers, and the Yunnan section is 650 kilometers long. The total basin area is 325,000 square kilometers, and the China part137,800 square kilometers; The total runoff is about 70 billion cubic meters, and the basin area of the province is 33,500 square kilometers, accounting for 8.7% of the area of Yunnan Province. In the upper reaches, except for the tall snow peaks, the mountains are gentle, the valleys are flat and shallow, and lakes and swamps are widely distributed. The middle reaches are located in Hengduan Mountain, where the mountains are high and the valleys are deep, and the current is swift. Most of the tributaries on both sides of the river enter the river vertically, and the main tributaries form a pinnate water system. The amount of water is mainly supplied by rainwater, mostly concentrated in summer, which has not changed much for many years and is rich in hydraulic resources. Most of the Nujiang River flows through Shenxue Gorge, with a large drop and rapid current, and there are many waterfalls and shoals. The upstream rivers are mainly replenished by melting ice and snow, with abundant rainfall in summer. The average annual runoff is 68.9 billion cubic meters, and the hydropower reserves are 46,000 MW, accounting for more than 90% of the total hydropower reserves in salween. The hydropower reserve of Nujiang River is 364 10 MW. However, the degree of development and utilization of water resources in Nujiang River Basin is low. By the end of the 20th century, about 200 small and medium-sized reservoirs had been built, with an irrigation area of 60,000 hectares, accounting for 1/4 of the cultivated land in autumn. About 200 small and medium-sized hydropower stations will be built with an installed capacity of 30~40 MW. Nujiang river basin is basically a pastoral area in Tibet, and animal husbandry is relatively developed; Yunnan is a farming-pastoral ecotone, and cultivated land is mostly distributed in river valleys. Yunnan has a humid climate, mainly agriculture, and rich products, including rice, cotton, sugar cane, fruit, etc. It is a grain producing area and also a cash crop area. The Nujiang River is called "Black River" in Gong Yu, which is the earliest geographical work of China. The Nu people in Yunnan Province call the Nu River "Anu, Japan and America", "Anu" is the Nu people's self-claim, and "Japan and America" is translated into Jiang in Chinese, which means the river where the Nu people live. River division Nujiang River was officially called Nujiang River when Jiayu Bridge in Tibet flowed into the canyon between Tanataweng Mountain and Boshula Mountain, and the upper reaches of Nujiang River above Jiayu Bridge was called Naqu River. Jiayu Bridge in Tibet to Lushui County in Yunnan is the middle reaches of Nujiang River. After entering Yunnan, the Nujiang River runs between Robbie Snow Mountain and Gaoligong Mountain. The height difference of Gaoligong Mountain Canyon on the west bank is 5000 meters, and the height difference of Robbie Snow Mountain Canyon on the east bank is more than 4000 meters, with an average height difference of more than 3000 meters. The valley is deep and steep, and the water growls at the bottom, so it is called "Nujiang River". The river is 2000 meters above sea level. Below Lushui County, Yunnan Province, the valley is relatively wide, the height difference of ravines is reduced to about 500 meters, and the river surface is below 800 meters above sea level. Grand Canyon Nujiang Grand Canyon is located in Nujiang Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, with a total length of 3 16 km. The mountains on both sides of the river are above 3000 meters above sea level. Because of its large drop and high rapids, there is a saying that "beach after beach, beach is ten feet high", which is very spectacular. There are many dangerous cliffs on both sides of the strait, and it is also known as "the water is full of anger and the mountains want to fly to the peak". The annual average water volume of the Yellow River is 1.6 times that of the Yellow River, and it rushes south like a horse. In this way, the Nujiang River made a huge canyon with high mountains and deep valleys and beautiful peaks. According to the available data, it is the third largest canyon in the world, second only to the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon and the Colorado Grand Canyon. It is about 460 kilometers long and 1830 meters deep, and is located in the southwest of the United States. In Nujiang Nujiang Prefecture, there are more than 20 peaks over 4000 meters. The mountains are rolling from north to south, surrounded by snow peaks, and magnificent. There are many lakes, the most famous of which is Tingming Lake in Gaoligong Mountain, Lushui County. Ebinur Lake, Enge Ebinur Lake and Wazhu Low Lake in the dry land of Robbie Snow Mountain in Fugong County. These alpine lakes are clear and quiet, and they are many lakes of different sizes formed by years of ice erosion. Primitive forests are densely covered on both sides of the lake, and there are many rare birds and animals. Ancient trees are towering, and pineapples are full of trees. The secluded place is antique and spectacular. There is a saying in the Nujiang Grand Canyon: "Ten miles is different from the sky, and one mountain is everywhere." The main vegetation, rare animals and plants, and famous flowers and herbs produced by the three-dimensional climate form forests, and tree ferns, Taiwania flousiana, larch, rhododendrons, orchids and Davidia involucrata (dove flowers) decorate the natural beauty of the canyon scenery. These rare plants are listed as national first-class protected plants, such as tree fern, Taiwania flousiana and Davidia involucrata. Cephalotaxus fortunei and Qingshui tree are national second-class protected plants. There are more than 20 kinds of national third-class protected plants, such as Gastrodia elata and Artemisia rupestris. Bengal tiger, pheasant, hot antelope, Hongyan sheep, golden monkey, langur, red panda and tooth toad are listed as national rare and protected animals. Unique ethnic customs: snow-capped mountains and forests, rapids and waterfalls, rock peaks and canyons, gurgling hot springs, caves and alpine lakes, accompanied by Bo people's traditional songs, bathhouses, knife and pole festivals, China-colored Nuhua Festival, Dulong cattle hunting activities with strong primitive religious colors, and wedding customs, food, clothing, housing and transportation, funeral rituals and sacrificial activities of people of all ethnic groups. The Nujiang River in the First Bay flows through the vicinity of Ridan Village, Bingzhongluo Township, Gongshan County. Due to the barrier of Wangqing hanging rock cliff, the flow direction of the river changed from north to south to east to west. After flowing out more than 300 meters, it was blocked by Danla Mountain, so it had to turn around again and turn sharply from west to east, forming a semicircular bay here, which is the first bay of Nujiang River. There is a village called Kantong Village in the middle of the bay. The river here is more than 17 10 meters above sea level. The Nujiang platform on the bay is flat and open, 500 meters higher than the Nujiang River, forming a small peninsula plain surrounded by water on three sides. The scenery around the small plain is very pleasant. Every slack season or holiday, people come here to row boats and dance with songs. Kantong village is a canyon paradise. Traffic in the first bay of Nujiang River: Bingzhongluo is 45 kilometers away from Gongshan County, and there are irregular buses (minivan, minivan or Jingjipu). Admission: 100. Tip: It is best to climb the Gongdang Mountain before 13:00 to see the first bay of Luonu River in Bingzhong. 13:00- 14:00 The shadow of the mountain will cover the river. Friends who like photography should pay attention. There are many snow peaks in the first bay of Nujiang River. There is Robbie Snow Mountain to the east of Nujiang River. There are more than 20 peaks over 4000 meters in Fugong, Gongshan and Lushui counties. The two mountains meander from north to south, surrounded by snow peaks, and are magnificent. Gorge wonders: There are mountains and rapids in Nujiang Gorge, and there are many wonders of alternating mountains and valleys. The dangerous canyons are Shuangnavadi Canyon and Qinatun Canyon, which are located in the area from Bingzhongluo to Qinatun in the upper reaches of Nujiang River. It is about 65 kilometers long, almost an acre of flat land. The steep walls on both sides of the river stand upright, and the virgin forests on both sides are endless. The rocks along the river sometimes crack, and the rolling boulders cross the river, causing waves. Many holes appear in the stones, with a large diameter exceeding 1 m. The toad stone in the middle of the river is smooth and shiny under the impact of water waves. There are many waterfalls on the Java River at the junction of Jiangdong and Tibet. The highest waterfall valley is more than 800 meters high, and the waterfall height 10 meters. Another waterfall, Waterfall Valley, is more than 400 meters high and has a pool on it. Water overflows everywhere, and "splashing beads and rubbing waterfall foam" is amazing. The snow-capped mountains on both sides of the Nakaluo section of Qinaitong are 5000-6000 meters high, and the river is only 2000 meters above sea level. The mountains are high and the valleys are quiet, and the weather is myriad, which is a great spectacle of the canyon. Nujiang Bridge Nujiang Bridge is located in Liuku Town, Lushui County, Nujiang Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Construction started in June, 1988, put into use in June, 199 1. The bridge is 678m long and15.8m wide. It is a single-box three-way prestressed reinforced concrete continuous bridge across the Nujiang River. Nujiang Nujiang Bridge has been undertaking the arduous task of cross-strait traffic at full capacity since it was put into use. Nowadays, the guardrail of the whole bridge and the crosswalk on the bridge deck have cracked and the layout has peeled off to varying degrees. In order to continue to extend the service life of Nujiang Bridge and facilitate people's travel, with the approval of the State Committee and the strong support of Lushui County Committee, the reinforcement and maintenance work of Nujiang Bridge officially started on June 20, 20 10, and the construction period was determined to be 4 months. During the construction period, traffic control will be implemented on the bridge, and vehicles are strictly prohibited. The Nujiang Bridge was closed three times: First, from June 20th to June 22nd, during the technical parameter test of the bridge structure before reinforcement, all motor vehicles and pedestrians were forbidden to pass. 2. From August 28th to June 2nd 10, all motor vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited during the bridge deck construction. 3. From June 10 to June 18 to June 2 10, all motor vehicles and pedestrians are prohibited from passing during the load test of the reinforced bridge. During the period when traffic is prohibited, vehicles crossing the river must bypass the Mabu River, from the original crossing time of 1 min to 15 min. During the three days from the second day to the fourth day of the first lunar month, Lisu people scattered all over the Nujiang River gathered in Liutang natural hot spring in Lushui to hold an annual bath party. In Nujiang Gorge, the most famous folk custom is "Bath Meeting". People who bathe are very polite, and men and women respect each other. They used sacred hot springs to wash away the filth of a year and usher in good luck. In addition to soaking in hot springs, there were performances of flames going up and down the mountain, crossbow shooting and swinging competitions, and even all-night competitions, which lasted for three days.