Summary report on tea culture

I. Project background

China is the hometown of tea. In ancient times, Qi Shizu, Lu Na and others advocated replacing wine with tea. In the Tang Dynasty, Liu praised "tea" as ten virtues, and thought that drinking tea can not only strengthen the body, but also "respect people with tea", "make tea more attractive" and "make tea feasible". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, many literati, such as Bai Juyi, Li Bai, Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi, Pi Rixiu, Wei, Wen, Lu You, Ouyang Xiu and Su Dongpo, not only loved tea, but also praised and described it in their masterpieces. Some studies have also shown that the anti-cancer activity of tea can be achieved by feeding green tea or black tea at least two weeks before carcinogen treatment and continuing until 1 week after carcinogen treatment. Tea culture and traditional Chinese medicine have a very close relationship, both of which are related to the legend of Shennong.

Through investigation, our group learned that people lack some knowledge about drinking tea, aiming at improving people's health.

Second, summary

The efficacy of tea in developing wisdom, preventing aging, improving immune function, improving intestinal bacterial structure, deodorizing and detoxifying has been confirmed by many scientific studies, so it is also a functional regulator with good performance.

Tea can cure diseases, resist cancer, protect teeth, purify blood vessels, and drink tea carefully.

Anti-cancer mechanism of tea

Third, the significance and purpose of the study

Through the study of this topic, we have mastered a lot of knowledge about tea drinking and human health, and understood people's understanding of tea drinking and human health. Our group hopes to enhance people's understanding of tea through this social investigation activity. At the same time, this research-based learning has cultivated our ability of autonomous learning and inquiry learning, and also enabled us to master some basic methods of research-based learning and cultivate our harmonious team spirit. Tea has become a favorite drink of people all over the world, not only because of its unique flavor, but also because of its nutritional value and health care function. Of the 86 elements needed by human body, 28 have been found in tea, so tea is a supplementary source of human nutrition. The efficacy of tea in developing wisdom, preventing aging, improving immune function, improving intestinal bacterial structure, deodorizing and detoxifying has been confirmed by many scientific studies, so it is also a functional regulator with good performance. At the same time, tea also has certain preventive and auxiliary effects on many diseases. With the development of modern society, people's demand for food has gradually changed from "full" to "delicious" and "health care". Tea, a wonderful drink, will bring good news to human health.

Fourth, the method and process of investigation

1, survey methods: literature, online inquiry and questionnaire survey.

2. Investigation process: division of labor and cooperation, implemented in four stages.

The first stage: Qin Wang and Zhang Qian visited the school and obtained the investigation report.

The second stage: all members collect and sort out information.

The third stage: comprehensive analysis.

The fourth stage: writing an investigation report.

A survey of verbs (abbreviation of verb)

China Tea Ceremony is an organic combination of "the way to drink tea", "the way to raise tea" and "tea is the way". "The way of drinking tea" refers to the art of drinking tea, and "Tao" is the method and skill here. "Tea-drinking and monasticism" refers to respecting courtesy and benevolence, and cultivating self-cultivation through the art of tea drinking; "Tao" here is about morality, truth and origin; "Tea is the Tao" means that Tao exists in daily life, and tea is the Tao. "Tao" here is about truth, reality, noumenon and origin. The following are explained separately. China Tea Ceremony is not only the art of drinking tea, but also the art of life.

The art of living.

Because tea has a good medical function, the word "tea medicine" came into being in the Tang Dynasty (see the "tea medicine" inscribed by the kingdom in the fourteenth year of Daizong Dali); In Song Dynasty, Lin Hong's book "Shanjia Qing Palace" also concluded that "tea is medicine". It can be seen that tea is medicine, which is included in the medicine book (called materia medica in ancient times). However, in modern customs, the term "tea medicine" is limited to preparations containing tea in the prescription. Because tea has many functions, it can prevent and treat many diseases of women and children at home and abroad, so tea is not only a medicine, but also an end, as Chen Zangqi emphasized in the Tang Dynasty: "Tea is a medicine for all diseases."

Tea not only has therapeutic effect on many diseases, but also has good effects of prolonging life, resisting aging and strengthening body.

Twenty-three functions of tea

(1) Sleep less.

(2) soothe the nerves

(3) Improve eyesight

(4) Clear leaders

(5) quenching thirst and promoting fluid production

(6) clearing away heat

(7) High temperature in summer

(8) detoxification

(9) Xiaoshi

(10) wake up

(1 1) lose weight

(12) Xia Qi

(13) Lishui

(14) Relax

(15) Treating dysentery

(16) expectorant

(17) expelling wind and relieving exterior syndrome

(18) Strong teeth

(19) Treating heartache

(20) treating ulcers and fistulas

(2 1) Cure hunger

(22) Li Yiqi

(23) prolong the service life

Other functions of tea are not systematic, but they are as follows: Shuo Wen Jie Zi says: "Burning cigarettes can repel mosquitoes: Gladiolus gives birth to pill spots, Leng Cha, and sesame oil sprinkles leaves". "Help me" said: "Bad mouth, tea roots instead of tea." Compendium of Materia Medica: To cure acne itching, it is advisable to burn tea and cigarettes in the room.

Japan's census is particularly good. After their census, they said: People over 40 have no cancer cells in their bodies. Why do some people get cancer and others don't? It has something to do with drinking green tea. If you drink 4 cups of green tea every day, cancer cells will not divide, and even if they do, they will be delayed for more than 9 years. So in Japan, primary school students drink a cup of green tea every day as soon as they go to school. In addition, green tea contains fluorine. What does this fluorine do? The Japanese now understand that it can not only strengthen teeth, but also eliminate decayed teeth and dental plaque. Three minutes after a meal, dental plaque will appear. Now many of us have bad teeth. Not only do we not rinse our mouths with tea, but we don't even rinse our mouths with white water. I don't know what the problem is. Now some people start to lose their teeth at the age of 30, and all their teeth will be lost at the age of 50. The hospital's dentistry is the busiest, and the dental inlay room is the busiest. When we visited Europe, everyone had a good tooth. You see, if your teeth are good, of course you will live long. Many of us have overlooked this point. Actually, you don't have any trouble. You rinse your mouth with tea to remove plaque and strengthen your teeth. When you are old and your teeth are strong, you must not decay your teeth. This is a small matter, so stick to it. Third, green tea itself contains tea tannins, which can improve the toughness of blood vessels and make them not easy to rupture. Many people come to Beijing to treat cerebrovascular accidents. For every four people who die in the hospital, 1 is a cerebral hemorrhage, which is very dangerous. Green tea is the first to fight cancer, the second to strengthen teeth, and the third to prevent cerebrovascular rupture. Why not drink it?

extreme

After several months of investigation and study, with the help of my tutor, we have probably figured out the ins and outs of tea culture by consulting materials online, visiting and asking questions, reading books and other investigation methods. Of course, China's tea culture is extensive and profound, and we are not professional researchers, so it is impossible to fully understand its essence, only a little.

Turning over the history of Chinese civilization for 5,000 years, you can smell tea on almost every page. Perhaps for this reason, we chose "tea culture" as our research object.

In the process of this research study, we have encountered many difficulties. During the activity, we were rejected and abused by the interviewees, and we felt very uncomfortable, but we were not discouraged. Everyone in our group firmly believes: "Nothing is difficult as long as you put your heart into it." This sentence. It is this sentence that inspires us to go forward bravely, even if we grit our teeth and carry out the "revolution" to the end. We do research study not to get credit, but to enable us to hone ourselves in activities and find ways to face, solve and overcome difficulties, so as to thrive in society under the action of strong will. In social life, learn to be self-reliant, self-reliant and self-care, and make yourself a new generation hero in 2 1 century. Study hard, make progress every day and become the pillar of the motherland when you grow up.

"God will repay those who help him." We finally fulfilled our mission. To tell the truth, we really learned a lot in this round of research study. There, we learned to associate with others, practice and care for others. ...

In this process, the most important thing is to learn how to make tea. In ancient times, there was a saying in the streets that "a country can't live without a monarch for a day, and a monarch can't live without tea for a day." We study tea culture, and we also want to study the skills of making tea, so we must trace back to the source.

1, the origin and history of tea

Shennong discovered tea trees only to identify and draw the conclusion that tea has efficacy; What really makes tea a "national drink" is the continuous cultivation, renewal and reproduction of countless unknown people for thousands of years. From chewing green leaves, it was invented as picking leaves and baking; Baked by picking leaves, but improved to frying, cooking and sipping. This kind of invention is re-invented, improved and improved, which makes this kind of beverage with deep national characteristics spread through the ages and be drunk by the world.

2. Identification of tea

If you want to make good tea, you must choose good tea, but how to tell the quality of tea? The essentials of identifying tea are as follows:

1. Distinguish from the shape of tea: every kind of tea has a certain standard shape, and many kinds of tea are graded according to the shape. The main condition is that the tea is old and tender, and the quality of old and coarse tea is always worse than that of tender, tight and tidy tea. In addition, the content of tea stems and camellia seeds is also very high. And tea powder is not good, don't be mixed with impurities;

2. Distinguish from the color of tea: the appearance color of dried vegetables is better if it is shiny and fresh, and all kinds of tea have their standard colors;

3. Judging from the color of tea soup, all kinds of tea have standard water color, so it is better to clarify the bright and gorgeous ones (good quality black tea soup will be milky white after cooling, which is another matter).

4. Distinguish from the aroma of tea: this is the main condition of tea quality. The easiest way is to put a pinch of tea in the palm of your hand and breathe through your mouth, so that the tea will smell when heated. The stronger the fragrance, the better the tea.

Choose a teapot

Excellent tea emphasizes full color, rich aroma, sweet throat rhyme and foam resistance; And a good teapot is not only elegant in appearance. The texture should be white and smooth, and the most important thing is to use it. There is good tea, no good pot to brew, and no tea essence. How to distinguish a good teapot?

First of all, it depends on the modeling structure of the pot. A pot needs to be combined with many parts to complete. Whether the combination is ideal or not and whether it is physical is the basic element to judge the quality of this pot. The following is a description of the combination of three elements of teapot: spout, handle and pot body.

Three points are in a straight line: the spout, handle and buckle must be in a straight line, in other words, the three points should be aligned (except for a few special shapes).

Proportion should be symmetrical: the proportion of each part should be symmetrical and at the same time show a sense of space.

Smooth water outlet and light grip: the connection parts between spout and kettle body, handle and kettle body should be handled naturally, without any defects, as if they were integrally formed.

Look at the color: According to experts, the color of the teapot is best smooth. A good teapot is really charming because it is smooth.

Listen to the sound: the hardness of the teapot will be different due to the different firing temperatures, so the sound will be crisp, sonorous or dull. There is no certain standard for brittleness or turbidity. However, according to most experts, the pot with clear and loud voice is more suitable for brewing fermented tea with high aroma, such as raw tea; Tiger with dull voice is suitable for hot tea with heavy fermentation and low flavor.

The way to distinguish the sound of the kettle is to put the teapot flat on the palm of your left hand and flick the kettle body with your right index finger.

Knowing the method of distinguishing tea leaves from teapots, the next most important thing is the brewing technique.

4. Tea

Washing tea with water is as important as washing wine with water. As we all know, most places where famous wines are produced are obtained from good springs, and so is tea. No matter how good the tea is, it is rare to have a real taste without good water. Therefore, since ancient times, tea people have not identified refined water, and the quality of water has a great influence on the color, aroma and taste of tea.

With the progress of modern science and technology, people put forward scientific water quality standards for drinking water (including tea, of course). Sanitary drinking water quality standards mainly include the following four indicators:

The first item is the sensory index.

The chromaticity shall not exceed 15 degrees, and there shall be no other different colors; Turbidity shall not exceed 5 degrees; There should be no peculiar smell and no visible objects.

The second item is the chemical index.

The PH value is 6.5~8.5, and the total hardness is not higher than 25 degrees. It is required that calcium oxide does not exceed 250 mg/L, iron does not exceed 0.3 mg/L, manganese does not exceed 0. 1 mg/L, copper does not exceed 0.02 mg/L, and anionic synthetic detergent does not exceed 0.3 mg/L. ..

The third item is the toxicological index.

Fluoride does not exceed 1.0 mg/L, and the appropriate concentration is 0.5~ 1.0 mg/L, cyanide does not exceed 0.05 mg/L, arsenic does not exceed 0.04 mg/L, cadmium does not exceed 0.0 1 mg/L, chromium does not exceed 0.5 mg/L.

The fourth item is the bacterial index.

1 ml The total number of bacteria in water shall not exceed 100, and the number of coliforms in one liter of water shall not exceed 3. The water for making tea is generally natural water.

Natural water can be divided into spring water, stream water, river water, lake water, well water, rain water and snow water, and tap water is also purified natural water.

5. Bubble method

I have chosen tea, kettle and water. Now let's make tea. There are many ways to make tea, and the last one is:

(1) Anxi bubble method:

1. Prepare the tea-making utensils. Anxi-style soaking method requires baking tea first and preparing fragrant cups;

2. Dig out the steam in the pot;

3, warm pot, hot pot with boiling water;

4. Warm the cup, and after the water on the surface of the tea leaves evaporates, pour the water in the pot into the fragrant cup;

5. Put half a pot of tea in the pot and start to dry the tea. The time of drying tea is shorter than that of brewing Chaozhou tea, because high-grade tea is generally well preserved;

6. Breathe for about 5 times after flushing, then pour the water into the pot, and use this time to pour the water in the cup into the pool;

7. Without using tea art, directly pour the tea into the goblet in a point-yue way, with the first soaking 1/3, the second soaking 1/3, and the third soaking full;

8. Put the empty cup and the tall cup together in front of the guests. If guests are not used to smelling incense, they should be advised to pour tea into another cup, and the goblet is used to smell incense;

9. Shake the pot, between the first bubble and the second bubble, wrap the pot with cloth and shake it vigorously for three times;

10, arm motionless, wrist shaking up and down hard. Shake it three times between bubbles. The purpose of shaking the pot after pouring tea soup is to make the temperature inside and outside uniform, which is just the opposite of Chaozhou style in the sense of shaking. If the whole brewing process needs to be shaken 27 times.

② traditional bubble method

1. Prepare brewing utensils, tea and water;

2, hot pot. Flush water into the pot until it overflows;

3. Empty the water in the boiling pot, either from the spout or from the spout;

4. An elegant way to put tea is to put a funnel on the teapot and then dial in the tea, which can be directly grasped by hand in general occasions;

5. Pour boiling water into the pot until the foam overflows the spout;

6. Hot cups. Hot cups have two functions. One is to keep the temperature of the tea soup so as not to cool the tea too fast. The second is to increase the concentration of tea soup by using the time of ironing cups;

7. Pour the tea soup in the pot into the tea sea, because the tea soup poured first is lighter and then thicker, so all of it should be poured into the tea sea to make its concentration uniform;

8. share the cup. Pour the tea soup in the tea sea into small cups, each cup should be eight minutes full;

9. Serve tea. Guests can take whatever they want. After drinking, put the teacup back.

The above two kinds of soaking methods are commonly used for making tea. From the above introduction, we can know that making tea is not a simple knowledge. Don't underestimate the tea we usually drink in the teahouse, which contains a lot of knowledge. Through this research study, I really learned a lot and got a deeper understanding of tea ceremony. The so-called "tea ceremony" refers to the method and artistic conception of tea tasting.

Tea-making technology allows us to further understand the essence of China tea ceremony. A small tea-making process contains such essence, and the profoundness of China culture with a long history has yet to be discovered.