How can photography learners successfully shoot still life photography? .....

When shooting indoor still life, it can be divided according to light conditions: it can be divided into natural light and artificial light. According to the reflective degree of the photographed object, it can be divided into high reflective objects and low reflective objects. According to the nature of light, it can be divided into hard light and soft light. Then, be prepared before shooting, one is thinking and the other is tools. When you have a shooting plan, you should first have a shooting idea. It is necessary to have a basic concept of the characteristics of the subject, the type of light, the shooting angle and the composition. The first thing to consider is the characteristics of the subject. This includes its shape, material and so on. First of all, the shape of the object will affect the lens, focal length and angle we use. For example, when shooting a square or rectangular regular object, you can't use wide-angle, near-focus and frontal shooting, otherwise the shape of the object in the photo will be distorted. At this time, the position of the camera must be perpendicular to the horizontal extension line of the center line of the object. Also, the material of the object is also an important factor we should consider. If the brightness of the surface of the object is high, you can't use a flash or shoot from the front, otherwise there will be a big spot and the photographer's projection on the object; Secondly, we should consider the types of indoor light. If you use natural light, you should be aware that light will scatter and it is not easy to highlight the edges and corners of the object; If you use artificial light, you should pay attention to how to arrange the light skillfully to reduce the projection of the object; Then I want to write a composition. The most important thing here is the position and angle of the object. First, preliminary preparation 1, tool digital camera-digital camera with flash. Tripod-Support and stabilize the digital camera, reduce the jitter caused by low-speed shutter, and get clearer photos. Reflective tool-used to fill the dark parts. Light-colored objects such as white paper, white cloth and white wall can be used as reflective tools. Worktable-Used to place objects. Tables, floors and beds can all be used as simple worktables. 2, props used to assist in shooting items. For example, mirrors can produce interesting refraction effects; Cloth can be used as background; You can also use the projection of the object itself to obtain special visual effects. Second, the precautions 1, the stability of the camera-this is the place that needs to be reminded most in the process of shooting still life. Avoid the invalidation of photos that should be good because of camera shake. So it is recommended to fix the camera with a tripod. 2, light-first of all, we must pay attention to adjust the color temperature, that is, the white balance in digital cameras. Different white balances should be used in different light. For example, two different white balances of tungsten lamp and fluorescent lamp will produce two completely different effects; Secondly, we need to pay attention to the angle of light. For example, the forward light can produce a relatively soft tone, the side light can produce a more vivid effect, and the backlight can take photos with silhouette effect. 3, the use of focal length-different focal lengths will produce different perspective effects. For example, telephoto can compress the space and highlight the main body, but the main body has no obvious deformation; Wide-angle can reproduce objects more vividly, with large viewing angle and strong sense of space, but it will be deformed; Macro is a very useful function in digital cameras. Using macro can shoot some details that are difficult to notice at ordinary times. It can help you find that life is not a lack of beauty, but a lack of discovery. 4. Composition-Pay attention to the placement of objects and the angle of the camera when shooting. You can try shooting from various angles, such as overhead shooting and overhead shooting, and choose a position that you think is the best. Pay attention to the balance, fullness and breathing of the composition when shooting. 5, color matching-what I am talking about here is mainly the color matching between the environment, the main body and some props, so that they have a color relationship such as contrast and harmony. For example, yellow and blue will have a contrast effect; Green and blue will have a harmonious effect and so on. In various color combinations, using black, white, gold and silver with other colors will produce simple and harmonious effects. Thirdly, the use of still life depends largely on the various components of the picture, as well as the transparency, firmness and color saturation they will present in the final photo. Generally speaking, soft front lighting has the effect of beautifying the shape and is easy to show two-dimensional space. Comparatively speaking, sidelight is beneficial to highlight the surface features of the subject, but shadow projection may cover up the surface details of the subject. Strong light irradiation and weak light irradiation will reduce the "visual weight" of each component of the subject, and also cause the color saturation to weaken and the tone to fade. On the contrary, the weak light illumination formed by limiting the amount of light irradiated on the subject will make the subject appear calmer and the color will become deeper and more saturated. By using auxiliary lights, reflectors and diffusers for lighting, various subtle or dramatic effects can be obtained. The main advantage of outdoor still life outdoor shooting is that the background and environment you need are dominated by yourself. Indoor, the surrounding area is relatively crowded and messy, and decorations may be contested by the subject. In outdoor photography, we can find an ideal environment in a wider space and play a positive role in shooting. The disadvantage of natural light photography in shooting still life outdoors is that it limits and weakens your control over lighting. When shooting indoors, you can set a flash and a reflector at will, and you can reflect the light from the wall and ceiling. However, outdoors, you have to rely on natural light-either direct sunlight or cloudy sky light, which is more acceptable. Of course, you can use the reflector to affect the lighting quality, change the direction of light irradiation, illuminate the shadow on the subject and reduce the contrast. In addition, you can also use a flash to enhance the lighting effect. Fourth, pay attention to mastering In order to reduce the difficulty of shooting still life, here are some basic methods for reference in the practice of still life photography: First, the composition should be concise and clear. Second, don't choose the objects piled together at will, find out the relationship between the subject and the object or express the subject, and eliminate any details that are inconsistent with the theme. Third, the composition should meet the requirements of directing the eyes from one object to another, and each actual or fictional line should be concentrated on the subject, so that the viewer will regard the complicated group images as a single entity. Fourth, don't focus on the subject or composition, otherwise the picture will be too loose. If the subject is mixed with other objects, the whole picture will be boring. Fifth, be bold. You can give the picture a dynamic impression through dynamic lines, diagonal lines, curves and zigzag lines. Sixth, make full use of shadows as an integral part of composition to make the picture more dynamic. They can be used to strengthen the shape of the subject and become lines that attract the audience's vision or arouse their feelings. The lighting of still life photography seems to be no different from other photography lighting. Still life photography lighting needs some special technology and some special equipment. Because the objects of still life photography are mostly things on the table, the lighting is used more and the natural light is used less, so the picture layout and lighting processing are more complicated. When shooting still life, we often have to illuminate small areas and small objects. In this way, a floodlight or spotlight emitting a cone-shaped beam is needed to reduce the irradiation angle of the beam. The hood on the floodlight can block the parts that don't need to be illuminated when shooting, and also block other parts that should be illuminated. In addition, choose a hand-held reflector to reflect the light to the main composition position. In still life photography, light plays an extremely important role. Its purpose is to create a special environment for the subject. As for the intensity of light, it doesn't matter. In short, the subject is stationary, and we can choose the required aperture coefficient and shutter speed at will.