What is the meaning of light tone in film and television art? I

The so-called light effect refers to the various effects produced by natural light and artificial light in the objective environment and in the picture. It is an important artistic element for film and television to express the reality of time and space. Lighting effects can be divided into the following two categories:

1, technical point of view, with backlight, smoothness, side light, top light and other light effects.

Under the backlight illumination, not only a beautiful light ring can be formed around the subject, giving people a fresh, bright, lively and lovely image, but also strong and prominent lines can be produced on the subject, giving people a sense of being upright, vigorous and powerful. When used to express natural scenery, it can also produce rich, fresh and transparent artistic effects.

Shunt light effect refers to the lighting light effect in which the light projection direction is consistent with the camera shooting direction. It makes the subject use up the light evenly, and there is no obvious contrast between light and shade in the picture image. The color tone is soft and smooth, which can hide the bumps and wrinkles on the surface of the subject and better express the inherent color of the scene.

Side light effect refers to the light effect produced by the main light source illuminating from the side of the subject, that is, the light projection direction forms a horizontal angle of about 90 degrees with the shooting direction. The subject illuminated by side light has obvious bright and dark surfaces and projections, which has a strong expressive force on the three-dimensional shape and texture of the scene. Character modeling adopts side light, which gives people a fresh, soft, stable and colorful aesthetic feeling.

The top lighting effect refers to the lighting effect illuminated from above the main body. Shooting people under the dome light makes the prominent parts of the face (forehead, bridge of the nose and cheekbones) more prominent, and the eyes in the sunken parts are more sunken, which produces unusual effects. This kind of light effect can only be used when it is necessary to portray the characters in a special way.

2. From the aesthetic point of view, there are two kinds of stylized painting light effect and documentary natural light effect.

Stylistic painting light effect, also known as "drama light effect" or decorative light effect, refers to the light effect of modifying and beautifying people and environment and dealing with details. Its characteristic is that the picture should have the effect of painting or theater stage lighting modeling. This kind of light effect has the subjective color of film and television creators, exquisite lighting and strong "stage flavor". But the shape is exquisite, exquisite, three-dimensional and decorative.

Documentary natural light effect, also known as "realistic light effect", pursues lighting with natural light effect, which is characterized by emphasizing the projection direction of light source, the change of intensity and brightness of light source, having the basis of life and being unified with the natural environment expressed by silver screen.

(B) the modeling function of lighting effect

One of the functions of light effect modeling is to shape characters. The figure is the center of the whole picture art image system, and the light effect of photography is very important for shaping the figure image. For example, foot lights and overhead lights are used to uglify the negative characters, and decorative lights and side backlights are used to beautify the positive characters.

The second function of light effect modeling is to express the emotions of characters. The third function of light effect modeling is to render the surrounding atmosphere. It is precisely because of the brightness of light that it can often cause the viewer's pleasure and depression. Therefore, in different environments, film and television artists often use different light effects to render the environment, create an atmosphere and highlight a certain artistic conception.

(3) Projection and hue

1, projection

The shadow produced by light projecting on an object is called projection. You can often see it in movies, and its functions are as follows: (1) Expand the screen space. (2) create suspense and hint at the plot.

2. Tone

The brightness of the scene represented by the image. Forming visual image is the basic element of photography, and it is an important means to deal with modeling, composition, contrast atmosphere and express emotion.

Bright tones, also known as "high-key". It is a tone form of photographic pictures. A large number of neutral gray to white tones are used to form a bright picture, giving people a clear, cheerful and fresh feeling.

Dark tone, also known as "low key", is also a form of tone modulation in photographic images. A large number of shades of gray, dark gray and black are used to form a low-key picture, which gives people a solemn, deep, resolute, dignified and mysterious feeling.

Hard tones are a form of contrast between black and white. Its characteristics are: strong contrast between light and shade, big contrast and small transition, giving people a feeling of boldness, passion and roughness.

Soft tone is a weak tone form of black and white. Its characteristic is that the picture lacks the brightest and darkest tones. The contrast between light and shade is light and small, giving people a soft, delicate and subtle feeling.

Intermediate tone is a picture with black, gray and white tones evenly distributed or moderate contrast. Its characteristics are: consistent tone, appropriate light and shade configuration and rich layers.