What additional mirrors are commonly used in black and white figure photography?

In black-and-white figure photography, the commonly used additional mirrors in front of the camera lens include two series: changing the color and light properties and changing the imaging and shadow. The former, such as various color filters, sky filters, UV mirrors and sky mirrors, and the latter, such as soft lenses, halo lenses and close-ups, are described as follows: What is figure photography? What is the key to success? 1, additional mirrors are often used to change the color and light properties. Various color filters are made of colored and optical glass, including yellow, green, red, orange and blue, and are named after various colors. Its function is to prevent or reduce unnecessary colored light and relatively increase the luminous flux of needed colored light, thus changing the color sense of photosensitive film. In black and white figure photography, yellow filter is the most commonly used. For example, in the case of blue sky and white clouds, shooting outdoor people, once used, can absorb part of blue light, make the blue sky on the film less sensitive, make the sky slightly darker, and the white clouds in the photo are obviously prominent; Otherwise the blue sky and white clouds will be mixed. Become a white sky, dull and tasteless. The yellow filter can also enhance the texture level of characters and show delicate and realistic skin color. It also has the characteristics of large light transmission range and low light blocking rate. Therefore, if you add a light yellow filter, you only need to open half the aperture, while if you add a medium yellow filter, you only need to open one aperture. Sky filter This is an additional mirror, half yellow or light gray, and half transparent and colorless. Because the edge of its colored part becomes colorless and transparent from deep to shallow, it is also called gradient filter. Its function is to adjust the contrast between the sky and the ground. Specifically, the colored part can absorb the purple and blue light of the sky or weaken the brightness of the sky, limit the exposure of the sky part on the film, and make the ground part more exposed on the film. When in use, the colored part should face upwards, and there is no need to increase the exposure. It is ideal to add a sky filter when shooting people in backlight. Most UV mirrors and skylight UV mirrors are colorless, and some are yellowish; The celestial mirror is close to colorless or reddish. Their main function is to absorb ultraviolet rays in the atmosphere. Ultraviolet rays have a serious impact on mountain photography and often hinder the clarity of images. After adding UV mirror or sky mirror, the influence of ultraviolet light on the photosensitive plate can be eliminated, and the image clarity can be improved, especially for distant scenery. Because the UV mirror and sky mirror are colorless or close to colorless, there is no need to increase the exposure under any circumstances, and there is no side effect on photography, so they are often added to the lens for protection. 2. Changing the function of the soft mirror commonly used in imaging and shadow is to partially refract the light passing through the lens, so that the captured image can maintain a certain clarity and the contrast can be softer and more natural. Soft mirror has many structural forms. Generally, circular ripples with different densities are made on transparent glass, or meshes woven with nylon wires or other fibers are made to achieve the purpose of splitting and refracting incident light. After wearing a soft lens, taking close-up photos of women and children can make the images soft and pleasing to the eye. Halo Mirror nbspnbspnbspnbsp Halo Mirror's external structure is a round hole in the middle of the glass lens, and the periphery is sandy. Because the middle is hollow, wearing it in front of the camera will not affect the focus of the main image. When shooting a person, you can get normal clarity by arranging the face in the position of a round hole, but the images around the face are hazy and dizzy because of the influence of sand on the lens. When wearing a halo mirror to shoot people, you should use a single-lens reflex camera because the photographer can directly observe the image halo through the viewfinder of the camera. Close-ups, also known as busts, are convex lenses. After wearing it, the focal length of the lens can be shortened, thus shortening the nearest photographic distance, expanding the image of people and making full use of the area of photosensitive film. There is generally no need to increase the exposure when shooting, but a small aperture should be used to increase the darkness to prevent the four corners of the film from loosening. In photography practice, close-ups are not suitable for close-ups of people, because the photography distance is close and it is easy to produce deformation defects. Nbsp In addition to the above-mentioned commonly used additional mirrors, there are many additional mirrors with special effects, such as multi-mirror, starlight mirror and medium gray mirror. After joining, the former two can obtain multi-image and different radiation shapes respectively, and the latter can reduce the luminous flux, so I won't go into details here.