When making a movie, who are the directors, producers and producers? Who's the boss in there?

Duties and basic qualities of directors

If you want to be a director, you must know and be familiar with the duties and work of the director. Whether filming a movie or a TV series, from the establishment of the film crew, it is generally divided into three stages. Namely, the preparation stage, the shooting stage and the later stage. The director should participate in the whole process of shooting from beginning to end, which can be said that the task is heavy and the responsibility is great.

(1) preparation stage

1, research script. After the film crew is established, it should organize the creative staff to study and analyze the script and consult the written materials and video materials related to the script. And discussed in the film crew, the purpose is to deeply understand the script, find a suitable form of expression for the script, achieve a unified understanding, unify thoughts, let Qi Xin work together to realize the director's ideas and intentions, and strive to reflect the script on the screen.

2. Choose an actor. This is a very important job. Some people say that if the actor is chosen correctly, the play is half done. There is some truth in this statement. Because the roles in movies or TV series are all shaped by actors, and the roles of the actors themselves meet the audience directly, the success or failure of the actors is also related to the success or failure of the whole drama.

There is an empirical saying in China's literary and art circles that a good script and a well-written play can provide sufficient creative space for actors to display their talents. By the same token, if a good actor is chosen, the general play can be performed vividly with the help of the actor's skill. Therefore, a good script can add icing on the cake if it can select good actors.

3. The screenwriter and director elaborated. The director's exposition is the blueprint for the director to describe the future film or TV series, the explanation of the director's creative intention and complete conception, and the programmatic overall design of the director. There is no fixed pattern in the director's carefully created works. Because the directors' personalities and styles are different, their writing styles are different, some of which are very specific and meticulous, even involving the conception and design scheme of each play; Others only talk about the main issues in the outline. So you don't have to stick to one format. From the content, it generally includes the following points:

Interpretation of the conception, theme and background of the script.

Analysis of the main characters in the play.

Understand and grasp the contradictions and conflicts in the play.

The trend of future film style. Grasp the rhythm.

Creative conception and modeling design requirements of performance, photography, art, makeup, clothing and props.

Tips for creative departments such as music, recording and editing.

Put forward requirements for the parts of the play that need special effects treatment in order to negotiate with the special effects department.

The above points need not be comprehensive. Because the content and theme of the script are different, the quality and style of the director are also different, so it can be expounded according to its own unique understanding and understanding. However, we should strive to be clear, vivid, concrete, attractive and convincing, and stimulate the creative enthusiasm and enthusiasm of all members of the film crew to complete the shooting task together.

4. Choose the scenery. Scenery provides a typical and expressive modeling environment for plot development and character activities. It is very important to create a life atmosphere and artistic atmosphere. Creating feelings with scenes, supporting scenes with feelings and reaching the realm of scene blending are related to the choice of scenes and the design of artists. Generally speaking, the indoor scenery should be designed by the artist according to the content of the script and the director's intention, and built in the studio after the director's approval. The scenery can not only meet the director's ideal requirements, but also be conducive to shooting. The current situation is that many directors often shoot on location, that is, in real scenes, because of insufficient funds and the fact that the set technology is not too hard and it is easy to expose false traces. So both inside and outside should be chosen outside. When choosing a scene, the director should not use his own imaginary environment to set the real life environment. This imaginary ideal environment is hard to find in reality. So both inside and outside should be chosen outside. When a director chooses a scene, he should not use his own environment to set the real living environment. This imaginary ideal environment is hard to find in reality. When choosing a scene, we must proceed from reality and tilt the imaginary environment away from reality. The scenes should not be too scattered, but should be concentrated as much as possible to avoid wasting shooting time and increasing expenses because of transferring too many scenes too far.

5. Create a storyboard. The split shot is the blueprint and basis for the director's live shooting, and it is also the director's second creation of the literary script. Turn literary criticism into a readable audio-visual review structure, and integrate all the artistic ideas of the director into the story board.

Some directors don't write storyboards, but only director's desk books or director's scene books. After the director arrives at the scene, he will shoot a scene according to the rehearsal on the scene, especially some experienced directors. This method is more practical. When rehearsing on the spot, some new ideas may come into being, and they may improvise. In addition, some directors like to use multiple camera's method. This kind of lens cutting combination is mostly completed in the later stage of editing. Most directors who use this method are mature directors. For beginners, it is best to write a storyboard in advance, so that you can know fairly well. Even if the scene changes or improvises, you won't feel flustered. It is better to come prepared than to rush into battle unprepared.

(2) Shooting stage

Storyboard, director, is just a word processing close to audio-visual evaluation. The director's artistic conception is only reflected in the words, and the image on the screen has not been seen yet. Live-fire shooting can really be regarded as the actual combat process, the concrete process of transforming words into visible images, and the process of putting theory into practice and operation. Although the theory is the same, according to the director's personality, even a script will have different versions of rehearsal on the screen. So directing is an operational job, especially in the shooting scene. On-the-spot shooting is an extremely complicated job, and the director should coordinate the creative personnel of various departments at the scene to complete the creative task. Therefore, when shooting on the spot, we should not only go all out to realize our artistic conception, but also make great efforts to show our organizational ability in order to improve work efficiency and artistic quality.

When a director shoots according to the storyboard on the spot, it is impossible for an engineer to work exactly according to his drawings on the construction site. In live shooting, most directors have to rehearse repeatedly before shooting, except that the directors don't rehearse and let the actors improvise. However, in the rehearsal, inspired by the actors' performances, or reminded by photographers, or reminded by the staff of relevant departments, or the director's own inspiration suddenly broke out, it is often necessary to make changes to the storyboard designed in advance, or make major adjustments, or even reinvent it, re-conceive, re-divide the lens and create it on the spot.

Almost every director will encounter the problem of improvisation. This kind of improvisation with sudden inspiration is often unique, which will help the film to add color and obtain unexpected artistic effects. As directors, we must not ignore this improvisation and regard storyboards as immutable things. That will not only help to improvise, but will bind your hands and feet and tie yourself up. However, the director must not pin all his hopes on this kind of improvisation and improvisation. Because improvisation is accidental, not well thought out and unreliable, the director can't pin his success entirely on improvisation.

(III) Post-production stage

The main work at this stage is the process of processing and improving the editing work of movies or TV plays at one time.

Editing work samples and materials is also editing scripts. A work is not only a technical process, but also an artistic re-creation process. The director uses audio-visual language to create images by cutting and combining pictures. Therefore, it is very important for the students of director department to edit their own films themselves in the practice stage of film shooting, which is very important to exercise their practical operation ability. Editing work is based on the shot images and recorded sounds, referring to the script of the shot and the creative intention of the director, and combining scattered shots in an orderly, logical and rhythmic way. On the editing platform, the overall structure, rhythm and language of the film can be adjusted and modified again, making the whole drama and local structure more rigorous and smooth, and the performance more lively and ups and downs. At the same time, you can know whether you have embodied your own artistic concept and grasped it accurately.

The editing process generally goes through three stages: primary cutting, fine cutting and fine cutting again. After repeated deliberation and adjustment, the overall structure was finally determined in order to transfer to recording work.

In a word, the director should strive for perfection in editing work, and must not take it lightly. Some people say that editing can bring a movie back to life. This statement may be exaggerated, but it is not unreasonable.

Another important work in the later period is recording. The director and sound engineer use music and sound effects to synthesize the edited picture. Some people compare it to dressing up pictures and wearing hats. Because of the proper and harmonious combination of music and sound effects, some film and television dramas have played a very good role in rendering emotions and environment, and have played a role in adding color to the aesthetic effect of film and television art.

In the post-production process, it will also involve composition, band, singing, animation, subtitles, special effects and many other issues. The director should put forward ideas and requirements for the work of the above links in order to gain an understanding of * * * and strive to achieve artistic unity. The director's work runs through the whole shooting process, so the director must concentrate and persevere, and in order to avoid artistic mistakes, he must go all out in the whole shooting process, without compromise or compromise. If the requirements for artistic creation are not strict, the artistic quality of the whole film will decline if it is sloppy here and accommodating there. The director must strictly control the art, and the director's work is complex, arduous and interesting. As long as you put your heart and soul into your study, you can successfully direct. With heart, diligence and hard work, the director's dream is round.

As a film or television director, you must have the following six abilities:

(a) Clear oral expression and good writing skills

The director's artistic imagination needs the cooperation of other departments such as photography, art, recording and performance. The ability to express clearly requires the speaker to think clearly, to express his meaning logically, not to speak too fast and not to have too strong an accent. The ability of writing expression is also strong, because the director needs to do a lot of desk work. Before shooting, you should divide the lens, write the director's explanation and write the director's summary after shooting.

(B) good psychological endurance

Modern society is an extremely competitive society, and the director's work has to face the pressure that the general profession does not have. The investment is always over one million yuan. Once the director enters the filming, he may be subjected to periodic pressure from investors, conflicts caused by differences in artistic ideas with his partners, media criticism, failure in distribution, unfair awards and so on. If these pressures are unbearable, it is difficult for a director to finish his work.

(c) Ability to make independent judgments

The director's work is an artistic creation, and artistic creation needs to show personal wisdom, so the director's independent judgment ability is very important. For example, a creative plan, from the perspective of photography, can put forward their own ideas and so on. If a director has no independent judgment, he will be at a loss.

(4) the ability to feel art.

In the face of various problems, from the actor's point of view, unlike other art majors such as music, art and dance, actors do not need to receive professional training from an early age. The director's artistic expertise is judged by the test of artistic accomplishment. So you must have a keen sense of works of art and be able to describe your feelings in clear language.

(5) Observe life carefully.

Life is the source of art, and people who are good at observing life are often people who love life and are sensitive to it. The works created by the director should infect and touch the audience.

(6) Ability of thinking in images

Any artistic creation activity needs the ability of thinking in images.

The basic qualities and abilities of radio and television literary programs.

1, news awareness. Understand the social, cultural and artistic trends, have keen observation ability and unique and in-depth thinking angle, broaden cultural horizons, and always put the program in an open cultural pattern and macro-cultural background.

2. Awareness of radio and television communication. Only by establishing media consciousness and understanding the consciousness of using the characteristics and laws of radio and television media can we establish the consciousness of expressing our thoughts and feelings through radio and television as a cultural communication carrier.

3. Consciousness of independent innovation. Radio and television is an expanding undertaking, which needs a strong spirit of innovation and exploration.

4. Macro and specific production capacity of radio and television programs.

Basic qualities and abilities of music editors;

1, with a wide range of knowledge and comprehensive cultural literacy. In the new century, we are faced with new knowledge structure reorganization and knowledge renewal. In the future, radio and television programs will require more and more directors, which are all-round and multi-faceted. Today's cultural programs convey richer information and diversified knowledge. With the increasing cultural and artistic content of literary and artistic programs, music editors should have a broader artistic vision, richer humanistic knowledge and more comprehensive cultural literacy. Need to have a solid foundation in literature, aesthetics and art theory. And the understanding of the whole society and culture.

2, love music, proficient in music, versatile. The director and director of music festivals in literary programs need strong musical enthusiasm and spiritual input. Making music needs to constantly tap the composer's strong pursuit of music art, and mastering music is the basic quality requirement for music choreographers and directors. The understanding and knowledge of music and music culture is based on the comprehensive understanding and knowledge of music itself. Only by mastering all kinds of music forms can we have a macro creative thinking and overall grasp ability for music programs. Having rich music knowledge can enrich the content of the program, make it similar, and show a three-dimensional and multi-level program composition space.

3. High-quality music appreciation. Music appreciation directly affects the quality, style and style of the program. The music appreciation of the director can promote the establishment of the overall style and style of a program and form the director's own unique program personality.

Have certain interpersonal and cultural communication skills. As students majoring in music choreography, it is particularly important to participate in and pay attention to society. This will enable students to have a macro orientation and independent self-design consciousness for their future major and direction. We should always keep the channels of communication with the outside world, keep the spirit of initiative and enterprising, maintain a good psychological state and a sense of cooperation with others, so as to adapt our knowledge to the requirements of the future radio and television industry.

Producer's responsibility

Producers should strive to make good movies, which is their greatest duty. As a producer, you should have the following qualities:

1. Appreciate and appreciate the film art, and choose good themes and scripts.

2. The ability to judge the market

3. Financing ability

4. The ability to integrate the film crew

5. Be brave in implementation and have the ability to constantly solve new problems.

6. Have a political mind

Producer's responsibility

Cost control and employee supervision