What does infant visual inspection include? What's the point?

What does infant visual inspection include? What's the point?

Correct answer:

(1) amblyopia detection: ① Newborn baby: The overall health of baby's eyes can be detected by means of corneal light reflection, red light reflection, pupil detection and fundus examination (sometimes). (2) from infancy to 2 years old: you can cover your eyes alternately and pay attention to your child's reaction. If there is no amblyopia, cover one eye, the other eye can keep the central gaze, and the head position is basically motionless. If one eye is amblyopic, when a healthy eye is covered, it will show rebellious behavior, such as making a rebellious sound or moving its head. You can also observe eye movements. By moving an interesting gaze target (such as a key ring), you can see whether the eye moves with the target. Priority viewing method and visual electrophysiological examination can also be used to evaluate visual function. ③ 2 ~ 4 and 5 years old: The graphic visual acuity chart can be used to test the eyesight of children aged 2 or 3. At the age of 3, most children can use the E-chart. When testing, it should be completely covered. After that, you should check your eyesight once a year. Children of this age may not be able to see 1. O, but as long as it reaches 0.5 and the binocular vision is equal, it means that the visual development is normal. (4) After 4 or 5 years old: can you use the letter type or? e？ Type the eye chart. There are other ways to find amblyopia in this age group, such as computer photographic optometry, which can find ametropia, strabismus, anisometropia and opacity of refractive medium under small pupil.

(2) strabismus examination: determine the strabismus type and comprehensive treatment plan.

(3) Red light reflection (brukner test): The distance from the subject is about 1m, and the color of retinal reflection in both eyes (under mydriasis) is observed with ophthalmoscope. If the refractive medium is turbid, there are shadows in the red reflection; If the reflection is white, it may be cataract or retinoblastoma.

(4) Ophthalmoscopy: For patients with decreased vision or suspected strabismus, fundus examination should be done, which can find the changes of fundus dysplasia, potential intraocular damage, cataracts, tumors, etc.

(5) Pupil reflex: Abnormal pupillary reflex indicates nervous system diseases or other intraocular injuries.