Several major satellite navigation and positioning systems in the world include

Several major satellite positioning systems in the world include: Beidou satellite navigation system (BDS), GALILEO satellite navigation system (Galileo), GLONASS and GPS.

1, American Global Positioning System (GPS)

GPS is a new generation of satellite navigation and positioning system, which was developed by the United States in 1970s. It took 20 years and cost 20 billion dollars. 1994 is fully built, and it has all-round real-time three-dimensional navigation and positioning functions by land, sea and air. After nearly 10 years of application in China's surveying and mapping departments, it shows that GPS has won the trust of the majority of surveying and mapping workers with its remarkable characteristics of all-weather, high precision, automation and high efficiency, and has been successfully applied to geodesy, engineering survey, aerial photogrammetry, vehicle navigation and control, crustal movement monitoring, engineering deformation monitoring, resource investigation, geodynamics and other disciplines, bringing a profound technological revolution to the field of surveying and mapping.

2. Russian GLONASS system

The system was originally developed during the Soviet era, and then Russia continued the plan. Russia began to establish its own global satellite navigation system on 1993. The system began to operate in 2007, when only Russian satellite positioning and navigation services were opened. By 2009, its service scope has been extended to the whole world. The main services of the system include determining the coordinates and moving speed information of land, sea and air targets.

3. Galileo system in Europe

Galileo satellite navigation system is a global satellite navigation and positioning system developed and established by the European Union. The plan was announced by Council of Europe in February 1999, and was jointly undertaken by Council of Europe and ESA. The system consists of 30 satellites with an orbital height of 236 16km, including 27 working satellites and 3 backup satellites. The orbit height of the satellite is about 24,000 kilometers, which lies in three orbital planes with an inclination of 56 degrees. By the end of February, 20 16, 18 working satellites have been launched, with early operational capability (EOC), and it is planned to have full operational capability (FOC) in 20 19.

4. China Beidou system

China Beidou Satellite Navigation System (BDS) is a global satellite navigation system developed by China. Beidou satellite navigation system consists of three parts: space segment, ground segment and user segment. It can provide high-precision and high-reliability positioning, navigation and timing services for all kinds of users around the world, and has the ability of short message communication. It has initially possessed the ability of regional navigation, positioning and timing, with positioning accuracy of10m, speed measurement accuracy of 0.2m/s and timing accuracy of10ns.