High marks for help: two questions about the true story of ah q.

1. Ah Q lived around the Revolution of 1911, when China was in a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. The cruel exploitation and oppression of the ruling class at home and abroad make "there is a high wall between everyone and themselves, which separates them, so that everyone's heart can't fit together", and even "it is difficult for even their own hands to understand their own feet." As for the people, they grow, wither and die silently, just like grass under a big stone. Ah Q lives in such a social environment. He is one of the millions of poor people who are economically exploited and mentally distorted. The character has the following characteristics.

1, spiritual victory is overhead

Ah Q had no economic status or political status at that time. He is a weak man, who is often bullied and fails everywhere. But he didn't dare to face up to the failure and admit it. He often used spiritual victory to cover up the failure in reality. He is often beaten. Every time he was beaten, he thought to himself, "The world is too bad now. My son beat Lao Zi. " Finally, I was beaten by my son. In this way, the man who beat him became his son, he became the father of others, and he won. When gambling, his pile of "very white and bright foreign money" was robbed by others and failed, but he "raised his right hand and punched two mouths in his face". Although he "wrote painfully, he calmed down after the game and seemed to hit himself, but he was beaten by others and soon seemed to hit others". Sometimes he was beaten and forced to call him a "bug", which seemed to be a "plague", but in less than ten seconds, he was "victorious" again. He thinks that he is "the first person who can degrade himself" and "everyone is the first one except himself". Isn't the champion also the' first'? "He is proud of this empty" first ". This spiritual victory in the air masks the painful failure in reality. This method of spiritual victory made him ignore bullying, unwilling to resist bullying, and always content to be bullied.

2. Blind self-esteem

In Wei Zhuang, everyone looks down on Ah Q. He is discriminated against everywhere, but he is very self-respecting. He had several boils on his head, so he tried his best to cover them up. He said "Chinese" with great taboo, and it sounded very close to "Chinese", even "light", "candle" and "bright". If others insist on making fun of his wife, he will say, "you don't deserve it!" " ""It seems that he is wearing a noble, curettage-like content sore ". He doesn't know what his family used to be like, but when quarreling with people, he often says, "We used to have much more money than you. What are you! "He doesn't even have a wife, but he often thinks," My son will be much richer! " "Even the body lice are not as much as those in Wang Hu, and the mouth is not as good as that of Wang Hu. He also thinks it's a scandal! This blind self-esteem makes him unable to face up to his shortcomings, even regard them as advantages, or comfort himself with illusory fantasies and indulge himself.

3. Blind rejection of "heresy"

Any novelty that Ah Q doesn't like, he regards it as "heresy" and rejects it blindly. For example, a city man called the bench a stool and fried bighead carp with shredded onion instead of onion leaves. He thinks the city people are wrong. Uncle Qian's son, Master Qian, went to study in Toyo. His braid was cut and his legs were straight. Ah Q "hates him". In addition, he also attaches great importance to "great defense for men and women". "His theory is that any nun must have an affair with a monk; A woman walking outside must want to seduce a man; A man and a woman are talking there, there must be activities. " Blindly rejecting "heresy" will inevitably make him stick to the rules, stick to the rules, oppose change, reject anything new, and always be content with the status quo.

4. Numbness and ignorance

Ah Q is an ignorant and insensitive person. He gambled happily in a tournament. Suddenly, "he didn't know who had a fight with whom and why. Swearing and footsteps, a large array of dizziness ""I seem to be very painful in several places, as if I had been punched several times. " The emphasis in the article was added by the author. ) In this way, he was robbed of a pile of foreign currency. The Zhao family was robbed, which was none of his business, but when he was caught in the county government, he confessed in a fog. He was caught in and out of prison, and his heart was at peace. He believes that "between the heavens and the earth of life, sometimes we have to grab it in and grab it out, and sometimes we have to draw circles on paper." Finally dragged out and beheaded. When he paraded in the street, "sometimes he was anxious, but sometimes he was calm;" Between his meanings, he seems to think that life in heaven and on earth must sometimes be beheaded. "

Mental ignorance and numbness prevented him from clearly understanding society, life and his sad fate, but he was in a daze and endured exploitation and oppression safely.

Besides, Ah Q is forgetful, bullied and forgotten in the blink of an eye. He also often likes to bully people who are weaker than him (such as little nuns, little d, etc. ).

These are all backward things in Ah Q, that is, weaknesses. These things are not inherent in him, but are caused by class oppression and class exploitation. He is like grass under a big stone. Although he grew up, he was distorted and perverted by heavy depression. At the feast of human flesh in old China, the gay class not only ate his body, but also "chewed something other than his body", that is, his soul. Mr. Lu Xun portrayed Ah Q with the feeling of "mourning his misfortune and angering him for not arguing". Ah Q sympathized with his misfortune and exposed and criticized his weakness.

Of course, Ah Q still has a little "bright color", that is, he and yearning for revolution. This is also extracted from the textbook.

Previously, because of his bad habit of blindly rejecting "heresy", Ah Q mistakenly thought that "the revolutionary party is rebellion, and rebellion is very difficult for him, so he has always hated it". However, when the Revolution of 1911 "frightened the master so much", Grandpa Zhao and others were so frightened that they began to "dream" and then "join the revolutionary party". Because of Ah Q's simple class consciousness, he naturally found that the Revolution of 1911 was unfavorable to his enemies (such as the master and great-grandfather Zhao) and beneficial to himself, so he ran around and actively joined the revolutionary party. Although his revolutionary party is still in a primitive and spontaneous state, his understanding of the revolutionary party is naive or even wrong, but his revolutionary enthusiasm can not be ignored, and he must take the road of revolution.

Will ah q finally revolutionize? More than 60 years ago, some people put forward their own views. Zheng Zhenduo 1926, a famous writer, published an article in Literature and Art Weekly at that time, saying: "People like Ah Q will eventually become a revolutionary party ... it seems that even the author himself didn't expect it when he wrote it. At least it seems to be two in character. " What Mr. Zheng means is that Ah Q wants to take part in the revolution, which is inconsistent with his original character and his character. Lu Xun immediately pointed out: "I mean, if China doesn't engage in revolution, Ah Q won't be a revolutionary party, but since he engages in revolution, he will. The fate of my Ah Q can only be like this. I am afraid there are no two personalities. " In other words, Ah Q's revolution has class roots and is inevitable.

2. Spiritual Victory Law

When Ah Q was injured in a fight with others, he thought to himself, "I was finally beaten by my son. Now the world is really disgraceful, and my son actually beat Laozi. " So he is satisfied, just like returning to a holiday resort. China people invented the method of spiritual victory long ago, and later failed to deal with others, so they made full use of this method. I can cite many historical examples here: the cruel poison of a generation of ethnic representatives persecuted by other ethnic groups was the Song Dynasty, and the spiritual victory law only flourished after the Song Dynasty. Song Taizong was personally recruited by the Liao people, but was shot by the Liao people's arrows and fell. After Qin Hui was captured by Jin people, he went to the desert and suffered from human sufferings. In the Yuan Dynasty, Yang Lian Jia Zhen stole the tombs of the Southern Song Dynasty and stole the treasures. Build a white tower with the bones of the emperor and miscellaneous cattle and horses, and intercept the top bone of Li Zong as a drinking vessel. This is a great insult to the Chinese nation, so at that time, the adherents of the Song Dynasty were listed as the most unforgettable feud and the most painful commemoration, which was closely related to the Yuan people. But they really can't retaliate with strength, so they have to make up a legend of "Holly" first, and then make up a legend that Yuan Shundi is the blood of the British emperor at the end of the Song Dynasty to comfort themselves. In the early Qing dynasty, almost all the early emperors came from the Han nationality. Therefore, according to legend, Shunzhi was the son of the Kanto Hunter King and the Qing Taizong Concubine King. Yongzheng, David's fat son, was welcomed into the palace and became Wei Wei's concubine, but I didn't know she was pregnant. Gan Long is the son of Chen Ge, an old man in Haining. Gan Long travels south and lives in Chen Jia 'an Orchid Garden. When he learned that, he wanted to restore the clothes of the Han Dynasty. Fortunately, the queen mother failed. Therefore, there is a saying in predecessors' Ci in Qing Dynasty that "the clothes made in Han Dynasty are difficult to recover, and they reside in Cuikun An Lan". Unexpectedly, the story that Lv Buwei was captured by Lu Yi during the Warring States Period was so widely copied at this moment. No matter how secretive the palace is, it is not easy for outsiders to know, but it is unreasonable to exchange blood for luck. But why did our ancestors make such rumors? I think it is nothing more than this rumor. On the one hand, it can make me feel gratified by the shame of foreign rulers, and on the other hand, it can deceive myself to alleviate the pain of my failure. Understandable, but ridiculous! Another example is the debate between the Qing court and Britain about what kind of state system it was. This suggestion was put forward by Wu, who advised the court not to force it. The general idea is that foreigners are no different from animals for barbarians, and we humans compete with animals and are not proud of winning or losing. Another example is Zengxiang Fan's "Colorful Clouds", which describes a saying in Victoria after Britain: "The dragon on the river is a grandson, and the parrot caught in the middle is called the queen of heaven." Although this is a deliberate comparison with Wu Zetian, who is despised by Chinese people, it can be forgiven. When Sai Jinhua took a group photo with the Queen of England, (According to Sai Jinhua, the photographer in the same seat was the daughter of the Queen of England, that is, the Queen of Germany. See Kim's interview with Sai Jinhua. Fan Shigai misused it. He added, "Who knows what mountains and rivers look like, but they follow Yang Zhi's example." According to China's traditional concept, it is frivolous. If this poem is translated into English, it will undoubtedly cause serious diplomatic problems. These old-fashioned scribes are greedy for cheap and complacent writing, thinking that they are enough to wash away the shame of losing teachers and land, but they have actually lost the dignity of the Chinese nation. Because this and the above examples belong to the most despicable ah q spiritual victory method.