Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography and portraiture - I want to know which university abroad (preferably in Europe) has better holographic projection technology, and which university do most of ViZoo employees come from?
I want to know which university abroad (preferably in Europe) has better holographic projection technology, and which university do most of ViZoo employees come from?
Rolf Mueller and Rolf Boettcher from Germany are experts in this field. Both founders are famous optical experts and have made outstanding achievements in the application field of holographic projection technology in Optics Valley, Germany.
Holographic principle is that "a system can be completely described by some degrees of freedom on its boundary", which is a new basic principle based on the quantum properties of black holes. In fact, this basic principle is related to the quantum theory of combining quantum elements and quantum bits. Its mathematical proof is that there are as many quantum elements as there are dimensions of time and space; There are as many qubits as there are. Together, they form a finite set of time and space similar to a matrix, that is, their permutation and combination set. Holographic incompleteness means that there is duality among the selected permutation number, the selected empty set and the selected full permutation. That is, the holography of a certain dimension of space-time is completely equivalent to the holography with one less quantum bit arrangement number; This is similar to the "quantum error-avoiding coding principle", which fundamentally solves the problem of systematic calculation error caused by coding error in quantum calculation. The quantum computation of spacetime is similar to the double yoke coding of biological DNA double helix structure. It is a quantum computer, which organizes the real part and imaginary part, plus and minus double yoke codes together. This can be called "biological spatio-temporal science", in which "entropy" is similar to "macro entropy", which refers not only to the degree of chaos, but also to a range. Does time mean a range? From "from life", it should mean. Therefore, all positions and times are ranges. Position entropy is area entropy and time entropy is thermodynamic arrow entropy. Secondly, the binary arrangement similar to the binary arrangement of n elements and n bits is similar to the determinant or matrix of n rows and n sequences. One of the differences is that a determinant or matrix has one less quantum bit than a binary arrangement of n elements and n bits. Is this similar to the holographic principle? The binary arrangement of n elements and n bits is an integrable system, and its dynamics can be similar to the determinant of n rows and n sequences with one qubit lower. Mathematically, it may be proved or explored.
1, anti-De Sitter space, that is, point, line and in-plane space, is integrable, because the junction of point, line, in-plane space and point, line and out-of-plane space tends to be "super zero" or "zero point energy" zero, so it is an integrable system, and any dynamics of it can be realized by a low-dimensional field theory. That is to say, due to the symmetry of anti-De Sitter space, the symmetry in the field theory of point, line and in-plane space is greater than the Lorentz symmetry of the origin, line and out-of-plane space. This larger symmetric group is called * * * symmetric group. Of course, this symmetry can be eliminated by changing the geometry inside the anti-De Sitter space, so that the equivalent field theory has no * * * symmetry. This can be called a new * * * shape. If Madsina space is regarded as "out-of-point space", then the general "out-of-point space" or "in-point space" can also be regarded as spherical space. Anti-de sitter space, that is, "space within a point", is a special limit in field theory. The calculation of classical gravity and quantum fluctuation effect in "space within a point" is very complicated and can only be calculated under a limit. For example, the inflation rate of the cosmic mass orbit circle similar to the above anti-De Sitter space is 8.88 times of the speed of light, which is made under a limit. Under this limit, the "in-point space" transits to a new space-time, or called pp wave background, so that the spectra of various states of cosmic strings can be accurately calculated and reflected in the dual field theory, and we can get the abnormal scale indexes of some operators in the mass spectrum calculation of matter families.
2. The trick is that strings are not composed of a limited number of spherical quantum micro-units. In order to get strings in the usual sense, we must take the limit of loop quantum string theory. Under this limit, the length does not tend to zero, and each string that is coupled into a loop quantum by line rotation can be divided into -33 cm microcells 10, so that the number of microcells does not tend to infinity, so that the physical quantities corresponding to the string itself, such as energy and momentum, are limited. In the operator construction of field theory, we only need to take this limit to get the string state under the background of pp wave. In this way, the microscopic cell model is a universal structure and clear. Under the special background of pp wave, the corresponding field theory description is also an integrable system.
What are the shooting requirements of holography?
In order to shoot a satisfactory hologram, the shooting system must meet the following requirements:?
(1) The light source must be a coherent light source?
From the previous analysis, we know that holography is based on the interference principle of light, so the light source must have good coherence. The appearance of laser provides an ideal light source for holography. This is because laser has good spatial and temporal coherence. In the experiment, a good hologram can be obtained by shooting small diffuse objects with He-Ne laser.
(2) Is the holographic system stable?
Because the interference fringes are recorded on the holographic negative, and they are thin and dense, the smallest interference will blur the interference fringes in the process of photography, and even the interference fringes cannot be recorded. For example, if the film is displaced by one micron during shooting, the stripes will not be clearly distinguished. Therefore, the holographic experimental platform is required to be shockproof. All optical devices on the holographic table are firmly attached to the steel plate of the table with magnetic materials. In addition, air flowing through the optical path, acoustic interference and temperature changes will all cause changes in the surrounding air density. Therefore, it is forbidden to talk loudly and walk around at will during the exposure period to ensure the absolute silence of the whole laboratory. Our experience is that after each group adjusts the light path, students leave the experimental platform, stabilize for one minute, and then expose at the same time, which is better. ?
(3) Object light and reference light should satisfy?
The optical path difference between the object light and the reference light should be as small as possible, and the optical paths of the two beams should be equal at most, not exceeding 2cm, and the amount of lines should be better when adjusting the optical paths; The included angle between the two-speed lights should be between 30 and 60, preferably around 45. Because the included angle is small, the interference fringes will be fine, and the stability of the system and the resolution of photosensitive materials are not required. The light intensity ratio of the two beams should be appropriate, which is generally required to be between1:1~1:10. The light intensity ratio is measured by a silicon photocell.
(4) Using high-resolution holographic negatives?
Because thin and dense interference fringes are recorded on the holographic negative, high-resolution photosensitive materials are needed. Due to the coarse particles of silver compounds, only 50 ~ 100 stripes can be recorded in the photographic film for ordinary photography. The resolution of type I holographic plate produced by Tianjin Photographic Film Factory can reach 3? Every millimeter. 000, which can meet the requirements of holography.
(5) The development process of holograms?
The flushing process is also critical. We prepare the medicine according to the prescription requirements, and prepare the developer, fixer and bleach solution. All the above prescriptions need distilled water, but the experiment proves that it is also successful to prepare with pure tap water. The washing process should be carried out in a dark room, and the liquid medicine must not be illuminated. Store at room temperature 20℃ and wash on the right. The prepared liquid medicine can be used for about one month if it is properly preserved. ?
The application of holography?
To sum up, holography is a video recording method without ordinary optical imaging system, and it is a new technology of stereo photography and wavefront reconstruction developed in the 1960s. Because holography can record all the information emitted from the surface of an object (that is, the amplitude and phase of light waves) and completely reproduce all the information of the light waves of the object being photographed, holography has been widely used in the fields of production practice and scientific research [2, 3]. For example: holographic film and holographic television, holographic storage, holographic display and holographic anti-counterfeiting trademarks.
In addition to optical holography, infrared, microwave and ultrasonic holography technologies have been developed, which are of great significance in military reconnaissance and surveillance. As we know, the general radar can only detect the direction and distance of the target, while holography can give three-dimensional images of the target, which plays a great role in identifying aircraft and ships in time. Therefore, people attach great importance to it. However, due to the rapid attenuation of visible light in the atmosphere or water, it can't even work in bad weather. In order to overcome this difficulty, infrared, microwave and ultrasonic holographic techniques have been developed, that is, coherent infrared, microwave and ultrasonic holographic photographs are taken, and then the object images are reproduced by visible light. This holographic technology has the same principle as the ordinary holographic technology. The key of technology is to find sensitive recording media and suitable copying methods. ?
Ultrasonic holography can reproduce the three-dimensional pattern of underwater objects, so it can be used for underwater reconnaissance and surveillance. As shown in Figure (3). Because objects that are opaque to visible light are often transparent to ultrasonic waves, ultrasonic holography can be used in underwater military operations, medical perspective and industrial nondestructive testing.
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