Technical characteristics of microfilm technology

1, high storage density, mature technology and high stability.

Microfilm technology is an "ancient technology" with a history of more than 100 years, and its record carrier and equipment are completely mature and stable. The reduced image of the original is recorded on microfilm by photography. Generally, the reduction ratio is 65,438+0/7 to 65,438+0/48, and the ultra-high reduction ratio is 65,438+0/90 to 65,438+0/250. The reduced image with ordinary reduction ratio is 1/49- 1/2 304 of the original area, and the reduced image with ultra-high reduction ratio is1/8100-1/62500 of the original area. The storage density of microforms is similar to that of current optical discs. A warehouse file with tens of thousands of volumes can be saved only by one or two filing cabinets after microfilming.

2. Good recording effect and long service life.

History has proved that microfilm can be preserved for nearly a hundred years, and now the life of polyester film can exceed 500 years. Even if the film is damaged in use, such as scratching and breaking, only a limited number of frames are lost, and most of the information is not affected. This is irreplaceable by modern digital products. When shooting documents, books and materials with microfilm technology, the original appearance of the original shape, content, format, font and graphics can be faithfully recorded on microfilm, forming a reduced image exactly the same as the original. Microform technology has complete international and domestic standards, which can not only ensure the processing quality, but also bring convenience to its wide application.

3, the application range is wide

Microfilm is an information carrier that records the information on the original on microfilm through photography. Because camera lens and microfilm have good imaging and recording performance, all kinds of readable originals (words, photos and charts, etc. ) can be recorded on microfilm under visible light.

4, easy to restore copy and multifunctional use.

Images on microfilm are easy to copy, enlarge and copy. It takes only ten minutes to copy a film with an efficient copier, and only a few seconds to enlarge and copy a paper print with a reading copier, and it can continuously enlarge and copy multiple copies; Film can also be scanned and processed into optical discs, which can be combined with modern technology to form a compatible and coexisting medium. It has the functions of access, storage, networking, reading, retrieval, utilization and transmission, and meets the needs of readers and users in many aspects.

5, the role of legal documents

Micro-analog images have high fidelity and are difficult to change. Therefore, many countries (including China) stipulate that microfilms shot according to certain standards have the function of legal documents. 1990165438+10, the national archives bureau issued the measures for the implementation of the archives law of People's Republic of China (PRC), in which article 2 1 stipulates: "The archives provided by archives at all levels and of all types should be replaced by microfilm gradually, which has the same effect as the original archives." This provides a legal basis for the regeneration and protection of the original files.

What is the function of microfilm technology?

Reduce storage space

In the modern information society, archives, books and information materials are growing rapidly. According to statistics, the amount of information in the world doubles every 8- 10 years. Some people describe its growth rate as overwhelming and flooding. With the rapid growth of archives, books and information materials, their storage space is also increasing. This will bring more and more difficulties to the utilization and management of archives, books and intelligence materials. If the paper materials are shot into microfilm and the originals with no long-term preservation value are destroyed, the preservation space can be saved by 85-98%. Take 105× 148mm microfilm as an example. If each plain film takes 98 pages of originals and records 1 10,000 pages of paper originals with a weight of 5 tons and a volume of 6 cubic meters, the total weight of microfilm is only 15 kg and the volume is only 0.0 1 cubic meter, which is 60% of the paper originals. For example, in 1972, Britain filmed 20,000 copies of Encyclopedia Britannica into microfilms, and these microfilms can only be stored in two microfilm boxes. This not only saves storage space, but also saves money for information storage and management.

Protect the original

The function of using microfilm technology to protect the original is shown in the following three aspects.

(1) copy preservation. For those important archives and books and periodicals that need to be preserved for a long time or permanently, the original negative of microfilm can be made into multiple copies for partial preservation, so that these documents will not be destroyed in the case of natural and man-made disasters. For example, around 1949, the Soviet Union announced the success of the nuclear test, and the United States began to build a microfilm cave warehouse. 1950 After the US military invaded North Korea, in order to safely preserve important documents (such as checks and other accounting vouchers), Americans scrambled to microfilm them locally. According to the US Newsweek, after the Cuba incident of 1962, the day after Kennedy's speech, new york's' aaron hill Warehouse Company' received more than 90 calls, requesting to reserve the storage location of microfilm.

(2) to replace the original. For example, among the existing archives and books and periodicals in China, there are ancient cultural heritages such as Bayeux Sutra and Dunhuang Sutra, archives of Yuan, Ming, Qing and Kuomintang periods, and a large number of rare historical documents such as rare books, rare books and rare books. These documents record the splendid culture and long history of the Chinese nation, and should be properly kept and their preservation period should be extended as much as possible. However, at present, some units still use the method of directly consulting and consulting these historical documents, which not only hinders the extensive use of the original, but also affects its preservation life. If these historical documents are made into microfilm, provided in the form of microfilm, and the originals are properly preserved, the preservation time of the originals can be effectively extended.

③ Rescue the damaged original. Among the ancient archives and books and periodicals preserved for a long time, some of them have been seriously damaged due to the influence of age, changes and bad preservation environment. If it is not rescued immediately, it will eventually lose its preservation and utilization value and cause irreparable losses. If these endangered originals are made into microfilm by microfilm technology to replace the originals, not only can the originals be properly preserved, but also the microfilm can be used as a copy for future generations.

Convenient for long-term preservation

The microfilm made of silver salt microfilm based on safety film can be preserved for a long time under reasonable washing and storage conditions. According to the aging test, the microfilm made of silver salt microfilm based on safety film can be preserved for more than 800 years. For those documents, drawings and materials that are not easy to be preserved for a long time, they can be transferred to microfilm with the help of microfilm technology, so that the information on the original can be preserved for a long time.

Facilitate the collection and exchange of documents

Due to various reasons, similar files are scattered in different regions and in archives, libraries and museums in China. This kind of decentralized storage will undoubtedly bring great inconvenience to users. It is difficult to collect some original precious historical documents scattered or plundered abroad, but with the help of microfilm technology, scattered files can be easily photographed into microfilm for information exchange and collection. For example, in recent years, Beijing Library has collected 10 rolls of 35mm microfilm from India. More than 100 volumes of 35mm microfilm about Dunhuang scriptures were collected from England. Nearly 100 pieces of 35mm microfilm about Qing government's diplomatic documents to the United States were collected from the United States, and more than 35mm microfilm about rare books were collected 1000. In addition, archives can be published, distributed and exchanged in microform for wide use. In short, the use of microfilm technology is conducive to the collection and exchange of intelligence information.

Easy to provide and use

There are few copies of precious historical documents, especially only one original file, which cannot meet the needs of many people at the same time. If you microfilm the original and make multiple copies as needed, you can meet the needs of many people at the same time and give full play to the role of archives.

Promote the transmission of information

Microfilm is very convenient to transfer because of its high storage density and small space. For example, a book with 1000 pages and 16 pages can hold 6 microfilms, so it is very convenient to mail microfilms by envelope.

Improve office efficiency

The use of microforms can speed up information processing. People have greatly improved their information processing ability by using technologies such as computers, fax machines, photocopiers, miniature cameras and compact discs. Among them, microfilm technology has played an important role. Using microfilm technology, information that needs to be retrieved quickly can be made into microfilm for quick retrieval, display and reproduction. In addition, the information on microfilm can be input into the computer for rapid processing, and the information output from the computer can also be recorded on microfilm for high-density storage and long-term preservation. You can also convert the images on microfilm into electrical signals for long-distance information transmission. In a word, the further combination of microfilm technology and other modern technologies will greatly improve the information processing ability and work efficiency.