What do the English letters in the picture mean?

Photo by refers to who made the picture, also known as the watermark, which has two specific meanings:

First, refers to the photographer: photographers usually handle or modify their own photos, even if they ask others to handle the proofreading on their behalf, they will definitely write the name of the proofreader.

Second, refers to the reviser: PS enthusiasts often use some photos taken by others as material to make their own special effects pictures. The produced picture has nothing to do with the original picture, and it has completely become two different types or effects.

It takes a lot of effort and time to conceive the production process. In this case, photo by will change the person's name instead of the photographer's name, because this picture has completely become another picture.

Extended data:

Common uses of watermarks:

When people take photos for a period of time, they usually start to add watermarks to their works, which can highlight the personal style of photos and prevent candid photos.

The biggest reason why photographers use watermarks is to prevent their works from being infringed. But actually even the watermark was cut off. To make matters worse, the watermark may be dropped by P, but this situation is rare after all. Watermark can really prevent stealing pictures in most cases.

Most watermarks have publicity effect, which may be the photographer's website or the brand name. This means that watermarked pictures will also have a certain publicity effect, which is also conducive to attracting your potential customers.

References:

World Wide Web _ Talking about Photography: The Necessity of Photo Watermarking?