Side effects of metformin

The common adverse reactions of this product include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, fatigue, indigestion, abdominal discomfort and headache. Other rare cases include abnormal stool, hypoglycemia, myalgia, dizziness, vertigo, abnormal nails, rash, increased sweating, abnormal taste, chest discomfort, chills, flu symptoms, hot flashes, palpitations and weight loss. Metformin can reduce the absorption of vitamin B 12, but it rarely causes anemia. This product is within the therapeutic dose range and rarely causes lactic acidosis.

Precautions:

1. During oral administration of this product, renal function should be checked regularly to reduce the occurrence of lactic acidosis, especially in elderly patients. Patients should temporarily stop taking this product orally before undergoing surgery and iodine X-ray examination.

2. Poor liver function: some patients with lactic acidosis have impaired liver function. Therefore, patients with liver disease should avoid using this product.

3. Stress state: During fever, coma, infection and operation, patients who take oral hypoglycemic drugs are prone to temporary poor blood sugar control. At this point, we must temporarily stop using this product and switch to insulin. The stress state is released and then restored.

4. For patients with 1 type diabetes, this product should not be used alone, but should be used in combination with insulin.

5. Hematological examination should be conducted regularly. It is rare to treat megaloblastic anemia with this product. If it happens, vitamin B 12 deficiency should be ruled out.

6, that is, taking metformin hydrochloride tablets, patients with type 2 diabetes whose blood sugar is well controlled have abnormal laboratory examination or clinical symptoms (especially fatigue or discomfort that is difficult to express), so they should quickly find evidence of ketoacidosis or lactic acidosis, and determine the levels of serum electrolyte, ketone body, blood sugar, blood pH, lactic acid, pyruvate and metformin. If there is any kind of acidosis, they should stop using it immediately and start other appropriate treatments.

7. Under normal circumstances, patients who use metformin hydrochloride tablets alone will not suffer from hypoglycemia, but when they eat too little or supplement insufficient calories after a lot of exercise, they will suffer from hypoglycemia when they are combined with other hypoglycemic drugs (such as sulfonylureas, insulin, etc.), and they will also suffer from hypoglycemia when they drink alcohol, which should be paid attention to.

8. Elderly, frail or malnourished patients, as well as patients with low adrenal and pituitary functions and alcoholism are more prone to hypoglycemia. Hypoglycemia in elderly patients and patients taking β -adrenergic blockers is difficult to identify and should be paid attention to.

9. Patients should understand the potential dangers and benefits of metformin hydrochloride tablets and choose treatment methods. We should also know the importance of controlling diet and regular exercise at the same time, and the importance of regularly detecting blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, renal function and hematological parameters.

10, it is necessary to explain the harm and symptoms of lactic acidosis to patients and the situation that lactic acidosis is prone to occur. When there are unexplained excessive exhalation, myalgia, fatigue, lethargy or other nonspecific symptoms, you should stop taking the medicine immediately and seek medical attention in time. Gastrointestinal symptoms often appear in the initial stage of metformin treatment. Once a patient insists on a certain dose of treatment, gastrointestinal symptoms are usually unrelated to the drug itself, and subsequent gastrointestinal symptoms may be caused by lactic acidosis or other serious diseases.