Shen Zhudun Shen Baoshan's money.

The inheritance of books from generation to generation is actually the continuation of scholarly family. Analyzing the talent phenomenon in Huzhou, people are surprised to find that many celebrities come from families with scholarly families for generations. For more than a thousand years, there was a family of celebrities, and Shen was the first to be promoted.

In the southeast of Huzhou City, two kilometers northwest of Linghu Lake, there is a small village in Gao Shuang named Zhudun. Legend has it that there were six protruding mounds on the swamp in ancient times, and the word "bamboo" had six strokes. Bamboo thrives on bamboo shoots, and the dialect "bamboo shoots" is homophonic with "Shen", so when their ancestors moved here from Wu Kang, they called it "Bamboo Hill", hoping that the family would flourish.

Today's bamboo pier, like other ancient villages in the affluent areas of the south of the Yangtze River, is surrounded by brand-new cement houses, old houses with blue bricks, Qingxi surrounded by green flowers, ancient bridges such as the top scholar, the rich and the temple gate on the stream, and stone pillars and tablets lying on the ground, which vaguely cherish the past orientation of this small-town village. The once glorious Shen Shi Ancestral Hall is now covered with mulberry trees. Shen Shi's descendants, who are searching for their roots to worship their ancestors, can only vaguely look for the glory of the past.

Fortunately, there are more celebrities coming out of the bamboo pier than the bamboo pier. When going out into the world, the Shenyang family always hangs the red lantern of "Bamboo Pier Shen" in front of the door according to the custom of bamboo pier every New Year, and respectfully turns over thick piles of "Bamboo Pier Shen Shi Genealogy".

Genealogy of Shen Shi Zhudun was written by Shen, an educator in the Southern Dynasties. This is a special case among more than 8,000 genealogies in China. General genealogy, even humble families, should be prefaced by prestigious people. If there is no one at home, please ask local officials or squires with different surnames and reputations to grab the knife. "Shen Shi in the world goes out of Wu Kang" and "Shen Shi in the world goes out of bamboo pier", regardless of the size and level of sandwich martial arts, Shen Shi is a door, with Shen Yue in front and Shen Shuben behind. As for countless officials such as generals, academicians and governors, it is not easy for generations for a teacher to start genealogy. What is the reason?

At that time, Shen was in the Southern Dynasty, which paid attention to family status, and the boundaries between the gentry and the common people were clear. Even among the gentry, there are grades, with Wang He and Xie as the most important. Although the Shen Shi family in Wu Kang originated from Shen Rong, the prefect of Jiyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, they were officials for generations, but most of them were military commanders. In the Wei and Jin dynasties, they always looked up in the atmosphere of respecting literature and despising martial arts. Shen is the first real Confucian scholar in Shen Shi family.

Carrying forward literature and attaching importance to education is the only way for the Shen Shi family to prosper. Although Shen is a cloth, his style of weaving curtains and copying books, which takes learning and teaching as pleasure, will always be admired and imitated by Shen Shi's descendants.

During the 600 years from Shen Rong's move to Wu Kang to the early Tang Dynasty, there were a large number of "martial arts" talents. Historical biographies 158, including 38 true stories and 120, as well as three queens and five queens.

In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, the system of Bitang Port in Dongxiang, Huzhou was gradually improved, and the wetland east of Dongtiaoxi became fertile ground for immigrants to reclaim land. The main vein of "Wu" moved from the riverside to the foot of the mountain, which opened a new chapter of Shen Shi clan vein in Zhudun and its surrounding villages.

Following the outbreak of Wu, a cultural genius in the Southern Dynasties, Zhu Dunshen also ushered in her heyday in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. It was Academician Shen Sanzeng who initiated this period. In the 15th year of Kangxi (1676), Shen Han and Shen San were both listed as Jinshi and academicians. Shen Han studied politics in Fujian, while the governor promoted learning in other provinces. After Shen Sanzeng returned to his hometown, he devoted himself to teaching his sons and nephews to read. In the fifty-first year of Kangxi (17 12), Shen Shuben, the son of Shen Sanzeng, was awarded the editor's review. Soon after, he resigned and returned to Huzhou to preside over Anding Academy for decades. Shen Sanzeng's grandchildren, Shen Rongguang and Shen Xianxi, have also become outstanding young people in the Hanlin Academy.

At the same time, Zhu Dun's brothers, Shen Bingzhen and Bing Xun, although not well-known, have made remarkable academic achievements. The former includes He Chao, a Book of Tang Dynasty, and the latter includes Notes on Water Mirrors and other masterpieces handed down from ancient times.

There is Qianxi near Wu Kang Town and Qingxi near Zhudun Village. Two streams are connected with Dongtiaoxi, and the vein of "Wu Shenkang" and "Zhudun God" is the same. In the forty-eighth year of Kangxi, Xu Zhuo, a native of Deqing, presided over the Shuangxi Chorus, with more than 30 Shen literati from both places participating, which was beautiful.

19 1 1 year 165438+ 10. On 5 October, the student army led by Shen Puqin, Zhu Dunren, Baoshan people of Huzhou and inspector of Huzhou government launched an uprising to drive away the official and announced the recovery of Huzhou. 19 16, Professor Peking University, Qian (brother) of Baoshan, Huzhou, and Shen (nephew of Shen Puqin) of Zhudun were the editors-in-chief of New Youth, shouldering the banner of "New Culture Movement". In the turbulent times of modern China, Bamboo Dun Shen continued to write a romantic story, and Money in Baoshan opened a new chapter.

Qian surname is also one of the famous surnames in Huzhou. According to Tan Jiatai, the doctor of the Western Han Dynasty moved to Zichan in Wucheng (roughly in the northwest of today's Luocheng town). By the time of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, Qian had become the most popular surname along with Shen, Yao, Qiu and Niu. "Jin, Song and Chen Dynasties have kings, ministers, pastors and guards, and their clothes are so prosperous. The queen is also surnamed Qian, so it is more appropriate to take Changxing's surname."

After Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Qian family of Changxing gradually dispersed in Huzhou, and many celebrities emerged, such as Qian Qi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, a monk who preached and taught, and Qian Jiulong, a duke of Huan.

Today, Wang Qianliu in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period is the ancestor of the Qian family in the world. There is a magnificent Wang Qian Temple in Lin 'an County, which displays Qian's genealogy. And Qian Liu just regarded Qian Lin as the 43rd generation ancestor. In this way, the origin of Qian surname in the world should be in Changxing. Baoshan Qian family should also be a branch of Changxing Qian family.

During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, a scholar named Qian Zhenchang appeared in Baoshan. Qian Zhen, a regular official, was once the director of the etiquette department, and later served as the dean of the academy in Shaoxing, Yangzhou and Suzhou. He is also the son-in-law of Weng Tonghe, the teacher of Emperor Guangxu, and his knowledge is obviously recognized. As it happens, Qian Xun, the eldest son, is just a scholar, and he has repeatedly failed in the list, which is a pity for his family. Therefore, he neglected his love for his youngest son Qian (the famous teacher Huang) and personally supervised him. Huang San, a junior high school teacher, recited Erya at the age of one, The Book of Songs at the age of four, Shuowen Jiezi at the age of nine, composition at the age of nine, Historical Records and Hanshu at the age of ten. ...

When Xiao Shihuang was studying hard at home, his brother Yao Qian, who was thirty-four years older than him, took the diplomat exam at the Prime Minister's yamen and became the earliest professional diplomat in the late Qing Dynasty. Yao Qian successively served as Counsellor in the British, German, Russian and French embassies, and as Ambassador in the Netherlands and Italy, and traveled to many countries in Europe, Africa and Asia until 1909 when he returned to Huzhou and lived in a diving park. Qian Xun's twenty years abroad opened his eyes. His wife Shan Shili's Journey to Mao and Reclusion were evaluated by later generations as: "No matter the depth of Chinese acceptance of modern concepts or the breadth of introducing world art and literature, these two books are far beyond their peers in similar works at the same time." (Zhong Shuhe comments).

Money is changing, so is Huang, a primary school teacher in China. He changed his name to "Dexian". At this time, Qian was already a young genius full of heroism. After reading many revolutionary works against the Qing Dynasty, I became interested in phonology, and the name of "virtuous man" was related to his research on phonology. Qian has many names in his life, and every time he changes them, it shows that his thoughts have changed.

Yao Qian served as a tutor for students studying in Japan in Hubei, and vigorously promoted domestic youth to study in Japan at their own expense. Shan Shili believes that the trend of studying in Japan is advocated and practiced by money. 1906, Qian Ren, studied at Waseda University.

In Japan, Qian changed his name to "Xia", which reflected his anti-Qing school thought. He joined the Alliance led by Sun Yat-sen and became a disciple of Zhang Taiyan on an equal footing with Lu Xun and Shen Jianshi.

19 10, Qian returned to China and worked as a Chinese teacher in Huzhou Middle School (later renamed Provincial No.3 Middle School, now Huzhou Middle School). Mao Dun, who later became a famous writer, was studying at the school, and a generation of literary masters left us with the charm of the Qian brothers at that time.

"This year's autumn tiger is particularly fierce. Although it is near the Double Ninth Festival, it is like midsummer. We often see Mr. Qian Lao (Yao Qian) in the street, wearing a robe of grass cloth and holding a rough cattail fan. Kazuo inamori (the eldest son of Yao Qian) holds an umbrella behind Mr. Qian Lao, while Xia Qian and Mr. Qian Lao are side by side, but a little later, Mr. Dong Dajue is in front of Mr. Qian Lao. As they walked slowly, I couldn't help thinking of a short story in Shi Shuo Xin Yu: Chen Taiqiu was poor and had no servants in Xunlang Ling. So Fiona Fang (the eldest son of Qiu) got on the bus, and Ji Fang followed with a stick. Long Wen is still young, take it with him in the car. Are there any similarities between the two? ……

"During Mr. Substitute, he taught us Shi Kefa's" Answer to the Regent's Book ",which began with" South China picked up a good voice, and Fa Sui sent an envoy to inquire about General Wu "and took" Revenge of Huan Gong IX, which is deeper than IX; Land Rover has never had a hundred years of good luck, but his luck is too long. He also taught Huang Zunxian's "A Trip to Taiwan Province Province", which started with the thunder drum above the city, and Liang Qichao's "A Long Song Crossing the Pacific Ocean", which started with "A scholar in East Asia calls himself Liang". ……

"Huzhou recovery, but the whole Huzhou middle school student army battle. Shen Puqin is also the Military and Political Department of Huzhou. "

19 13, Qian and Qian Daosun went north with them and were appointed as advisers to the presidential palace. Xuan Tong and kazuo inamori both started teaching in Peking University. At this time, Shen Shi's three brothers, Shen Shiyuan, Shen and Shen Jianshi, also entered Peking University to teach. No one expected that the third meeting between Zhu Dunshen and Bao would prepare a group of backbones for a far-reaching ideological change.

19 13 to 19 17, Hu Ren Yuan, a native of Huzhou, acts as president of Peking University. During his tenure, Huzhou people who taught at Peking University included Yu Tongkui, Zhang, Cui Shi, "Sanshen" and "Erqian". Except for Mr. Cui, who is a scholar, the others are cutting-edge figures who have returned from studying abroad. 19 17, Cai Yuanpei, a student of Qian Zhenchang, took over Peking University, and Zhu Jiahua, Shen Maishi (also Zhu Dun) and Xu Senyu from Huzhou entered Peking University to teach. At this time, there were only 28 professors in Peking University. Compared with the sixth year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (180 1), the grand occasion of Huzhou people gathering in the highest institutions of higher learning in China is no less than or even better than the grand occasion of "Five Imperial Academies in Beijing, Five Imperial Academies in the same subject".

Even better, "old teachers, such as Shen, Shen Jianshi and Qian, have started innovative ideas;" Since Chen Duxiu Jun came to the senior, ... and the literary revolution, the wind of freedom of thought has prevailed. " (Cai Yuanpei, "My Educational Experience")

Chen Duxiu independently supported the editing and publishing of New Youth in Shanghai at that time. As an old friend, Shen Li advised Chen to apply for the post of senior liberal arts student in Peking University. After New Youth moved to Beijing for publication, Shen, Qian, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi and Liu Bannong took turns as editors-in-chief, and New Youth became a banner of the New Culture Movement.

During the period of New Youth, Shen's main contribution lies in the practice of literary revolution and the introduction of various foreign social thoughts including socialist theory. His vernacular poem Moonlight Night is called "the first prose poem of Xinde."

Qian put forward many resounding slogans for the new culture movement, such as: "choosing evil learning and Tongcheng school fallacy", and for the first time set stereotyped writing and Tongcheng school ancient prose as the primary negative goal of the literary revolution; The "Chinese character revolution" started the Chinese character reform movement. His profound knowledge of Chinese studies and academic attainments in linguistics and philology make his name "learning has its origin, with many words and jargon, which has great influence." (autobiography of Hu Shi). At that time, the name of money began to be used, and soon it was louder than his real name.

After New Youth moved to Guangzhou, Shen Erqian of Peking University fell silent and devoted himself to academia. Qian changed his name to Yitong, devoted himself to the reform of Chinese characters, and became a master of philology with another Huzhou native, Professor Lu Zhiwei. After the Japanese army occupied Beiping, Qian restored the old name of "Xia" to show his integrity and refused to engage in false employment. He died in June 1939. Shen devoted himself to the exploration of calligraphy art and theory and became one of the most outstanding calligraphers in the 20th century.

There are many talented families such as Zhu Dun Shen Shi and Baoshan Shifan. In the first half of last century, Huzhou people went to other places and refused to change Huzhou White, just like Shanghainese still spoke Shanghainese in other places. There are not only famous professors such as Shen, Qian and Lu Zhiwei, but also presidents of famous schools such as Zhu Jiahua and Zhang Naiyan. The social influence of famous professors and principals can be seen from the rescue of Chen Duxiu from prison by Cai Yuanpei, Li Dazhao, Shen and Qian. It is precisely because of the existence of a group of senior officials such as Shen Jiaben, Hu, Dai, Wu Dingchang, and a group of industrial and commercial tycoons such as Zhu Wulou, Wang Yiting, Gu Shuping and Shen that Huzhou talents are very proud.

When the Qing emperor abdicated, Huzhou people occupied two of the ten ministers in charge of the cabinet: Justice Minister Shen Jiaben and Foreign Minister Hu. In the subsequent Beiyang government, Hu served as prime minister, and his father Shen served as acting foreign minister and president of Dali University (equivalent to the president of the Supreme Court). During the Kuomintang rule, there was a saying that the Kuomintang was semi-central, and there were 16 Huzhou citizens who had served as members of the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee and judges. Because the position of organization minister of the Kuomintang has long been dominated by Huzhou people Chen, Chen Lifu and Zhu Jiahua, there is also a saying that "the Chiang family is the best in the world, and the Chen family is the best in the world". The Kuomintang veteran was an important assistant of Sun Yat-sen, the main fund-raiser who fought against the Qing Dynasty and won Yuan funds, and was also an ideological mentor of Chiang Kai-shek. Another Lao Dai Ji Tao is the dean of the Examination Institute.

Huzhou has a large number of talented people in modern times, which shows profound regional cultural heritage and great social energy. When Shanghai opened its port, all kinds of information from outside poured in, and this hidden energy was aroused. Shanghai, the window that closed the old China, was forced to open and became a stage for all kinds of people in Huzhou to display their skills. From Wang Xinyuan and Lu Xinyuan's investment to Wang Yiting and Gu Shuping's agency for foreign businessmen, several generations of Huzhou people have been baptized by the collision and blending of Chinese and Western cultures in Shanghai, leaving their own marks in various fields. At that time, in the Huzhou Guild Hall of Huiwen Road, besides politicians and businessmen, there were also bibliophiles, Zhu Xiaozang, painters Wu Changshuo and Qian Sicheng, musicians Qiu Wangxiang and Shen, translators Bao and Zhou Yueran, photographers Cai Renbao and Liu Xucang, film directors Shen Xiling and Pan Jienong, cultural relics connoisseurs Xu Senyu and Zhang Heng, and novelist Zhao. Pan Deming, the tailor's son, became a member of the Huzhou Fellowship Organization in Shanghai after completing his first feat of traveling around the world alone.

Huzhou people, who are complementary to Beijing and Shanghai and the north and south, have written a colorful chapter in the modern history of China.