He Li Guohua Qing Palace

Author: Li He

Original text:

In this spring, at the foot of the mountain, only crows are sad, and the curtains hang long, covering the lonely Hua Gong.

Clouds filled the air, the red pane looked dim, the step stones were broken, and the money-shaped purple moss was skewed.

At that time, there was still wine in the jade bowl, and the silver lamp was bright, and it was adjacent to the outside.

When King Shu left, there was a bud on the edge of spring.

Appreciate:

This is a five-character poem. At the beginning of the poem, crows crow in the spring night, and the palace curtain is separated by royal flowers. The first poem describes the atmosphere of spring night. Poets render from two aspects: sound (hearing) and image (vision). It means that in the spring night, the moonlight is dim, and the crow sounds like crying in the lonely and desolate palace. In ancient China, crows were considered ominous, and they were often used to describe desolation and terror. For example, when Li Shangyin described the desolate Sui Dyke in Sui Palace, he wrote: "The flies have gone, and they have left the wind and grass, but the crows are still perched in the dusk among the weeping willows." Fang Ting, the man of Qin Guan: Beyond the sunset, there are ten thousand points in Western jackdaw in the west, and the water flows around the lonely village. And so on, all show a bleak scope. Then the palace curtain was separated from the imperial flower, which was the garden flower of the imperial court. In poetry, it is often used as a metaphor for a rich and prosperous life. Today's Huaqing Palace is too depressed to see the bustling scene of the past. A single word not only vividly describes the bleak and desolate scene of Huaqing Palace, but also shows that the prosperous scene of the past no longer exists and will never return.

Next, the couplet was dark, the stone was broken and the money was crooked. This couplet inherits the bleak atmosphere of the first couplet and magnifies the bleak scene outside the palace. In artistic techniques, the poet used color description, and through the change of color, he highlighted the desolation, coldness and desolation of Huaqing Palace. This couplet means that the desolate haze hangs over the palace, making the scarlet lattice window look so dull, the stone steps are broken and covered with purple moss. Among them, the dark words in the previous sentence not only describe the bleak color, but also imply a sad environment. The next oblique sentence not only shows the result that no one has broken the stone, but also implies the scene of depression. Through a dark slant, the poet showed the scene of Huaqing Palace in depth and in detail from the glory and image, giving people endless image space.

Then, the jade bowl at the neckline was filled with residual dew, the silver lamp lit the old yarn, and then the couplets were transferred from the desolation outside the palace to the palace. Through two excellent details, the desolate and depressed scene in the palace was further displayed. This couplet means that on the table, the exquisite jade bowl still contains residual wine, and the gauze covered on the silver lamp is stained and worn out. Here, the poet used contrast: jade bowl and residual dew, silver lamp and old yarn. This contrast connects the past with today, sees the silence in the palace now and creates an extremely profound aesthetic realm. In particular, poets also pay attention to linking the most beautiful things with sadness to form a shocking picture. Here, the jade bowl is full of residual dew, and the old yarn lit by the silver lamp itself gives people an uncoordinated picture, even a picture that makes people laugh. However, it is this picture that can stimulate readers' endless imagination and deep thinking.

When Shu Wang left out and away, there was already a tender bud on the edge of the spring. Fu Nan, a scholar in A Qing, thinks that this poem has a good sentence, which is very correct. On the surface, this connection probably means that the leaves of wild celery grew in the hot springs before the emperor who fled to Sichuan got the news of him. Judging from the lack of recent letters, it shows that the desolation of Huaqing Palace did not begin today, but has a long history. The emperor fled to Shu and became desolate. Judging from the existence of celery buds, it was the emperor who fled to Shu that implicitly caused the Huaqing Palace to be so desolate and deserted. As we know, Bai Juyi wrote in Song of Eternal Sorrow: It was early spring. They let her bathe in a pure pool to warm and smooth her creamy skin. It was so prosperous and luxurious that the emperor's spring night was short and the sun rose too fast. Since then, the emperor gave up his early hearing, but now it is the scene of spring celery buds hedging and the sun blowing (Bai Juyi's "village house").

In a word, this poem depicts the desolate scene of Huaqing Palace in many ways. In writing, the poet writes from the atmosphere, inside and outside the palace, making the desolate and desolate Huaqing Palace sad and touching, and creating an artistic conception with profound historical and cultural implications and poet's aesthetic feelings. At the same time, in writing, it pays attention to implication and achieves the aesthetic effect of wanting more.

Poems crossing Huaqing Palace

Poems crossing Huaqing Palace

Crossing Huaqing Palace

Author: Du Mu

Original text:

Looking back at Chang 'an, Mount Li is like a pile of splendid scenery, and the gates of Huaqing Palace on the top of the mountain are opened in turn.

As soon as I rode on the smile of smoke and smoke, no one knew that the fresh fruit litchi was sent from the south.

Precautions:

1, Huaqing Palace: Yuanhe County Records: Huaqing Palace is on Mount Li, and the Hot Spring Palace was set in the early years of the eleventh year of Kaiyuan. Tianbao was changed to Huaqing Palace in six years. He also built the hall of eternal life, named Jilingtai, to worship the gods.

2. Embroidered piles: Mount Li has East Embroidered Ridge on the right and West Embroidered Ridge on the left. Tang Xuanzong planted trees and flowers on the ridge of the field, which was lush.

3. Thousand gates: describe the magnificent palace at the top of the mountain with many portals. Second place: in turn.

4, a ride (ancient J read Ji, now generally read Qi (two tones)): refers to the person riding a horse.

5. Red dust: refers to the dust flying when riding a horse.

6. Concubine: refers to the imperial concubine of Yang Yuhuan.

7. Red dust: This refers to flying dust. Concubine: Yang Guifei. Music history "Biography of Yang Taizhen": On the last day, I said: Enjoy the famous flowers, don't use old music words for concubines! Biography of Li Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty: My concubine loves litchi and wants to be born, so she rides it, travels thousands of miles, and reaches the capital without changing her taste. Tang Shi Supplement: Yang Guifei was born in Shu, loves litchi, and was born in Nanhai, especially in Shu, so she flies forward every year. However, the party is familiar with the heat, and it will be defeated. It is unknown to future generations. Press: This poem may be freehand brushwork, intended to satirize Xuanzong's favorite concubine, and it is impossible to verify all the historical facts one by one. In the Tang Dynasty, the litchi in Lingnan could not be transported to Chang 'an, so Su Shi said that the litchi at this time came from Fuzhou, not Lingnan. Litchi ripe season, Xuanzong imperial concubine is not in Lishan. Xuanzong entered Huaqing Palace every winter and October, and returned to Chang 'an the following spring. Chen Yinke, a close friend, also made textual research on the fallacy of Cheng's Archaeological Compilation.

8. knowing is: knowing.

Poetic:

Looking back at Mount Li from Chang 'an,

I saw trees, flowers and buildings, just like a pile of splendid scenery.

On the top of the mountain, the palace doors are opened layer by layer.

The post horse runs so fast that it can't see clearly what it is carrying.

Only Yang Guifei looked at the mountain from a distance.

I smiled happily when I learned that my favorite litchi had arrived.

Appreciate:

Huaqing Palace was built in 723 AD (the 11th year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty), where Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Guifei had fun. Many poets in later generations have written poems about Huaqing Palace, and Du Mu's quatrains are particularly exquisite and well-known. This poem lashed out at the extravagant life of Xuanzong and Yang Guifei through the typical event of sending litchi, with a slight artistic effect.

The first sentence describes the scenery of Mount Li where Huaqing Palace is located. The poet writes from the perspective of looking back at Chang 'an, just like a cinematographer. He first presents a broad and far-reaching panorama of Mount Li to the audience: lush trees, lush flowers and plants, palaces and castles stand among them, just like a beautiful group. Pile embroidery not only refers to the East Embroidery Ridge and the West Embroidery Ridge on both sides of Mount Li, but also describes the beauty of Mount Li.

Then, the scene moved forward, showing the magnificent palace on the top of the mountain. The normally closed palace door suddenly opened slowly. Then there are two close-ups: outside the palace, an emissary is riding a horse, flying fast, raising clouds of red dust behind him; In the palace, the princess smiled. Several shots seem to be unrelated to each other, but they all contain the suspense carefully arranged by the poet: Why are thousands of doors open? Why did a car come? Why did Yu Ji laugh again? The poet deliberately kept silent until the tense and mysterious atmosphere made readers want to know, and then implicitly and euphemistically revealed the mystery: no one knew it was litchi. The word litchi tells the whole story. Biography of Yang Guifei in the New Tang Dynasty: I love litchi, so I want to live it, so I ride it and travel thousands of miles. Her taste has not changed, and she has arrived in the capital. Knowing this, the suspense in front was released at once, and those shots naturally merged.

Wu Qiao's "Poems Around the Furnace" said: Poetry has implications, especially for people who have no definite view of the story. The artistic charm of Du Mu's poems lies in its implication and profundity. In the poem, I don't understand Xuanzong's debauchery and lust, and the imperial concubine's lust and arrogance. The vivid contrast between riding the world of mortals and the princess's smile has received much stronger artistic effect than expressing opinions directly. The word "princess smile" has a profound meaning. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhou Youwang smiled for Bo Feizi and lit a bonfire, which led to the country's demise. After reading this, readers can easily think of this well-known story. The word unknown is also thought-provoking. In fact, litchi is not unknown, at least the concubine knows, and so does the emperor who is not named in the poem. This writing is to show that this matter is very important and urgent, and there is no reason for outsiders not to know. This not only exposes the absurdity of the emperor's doing everything he can to please his favorite concubine, but also echoes the unusual atmosphere rendered earlier. The whole poem does not need difficult words, allusions and carvings. Simple and natural, profound and powerful. It is a masterpiece of history in the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty.

Li he nan yuan

South garden

Author: Li He

Original text:

Why didn't the great man take weapons to collect the fifty States of the mountain?

If you are a scholar Wan Huhou, please go to Lingyange temporarily.

Translation:

Why don't men wear Wu Gou?

Put away the fifty States of Guansai River and Mountain separated by the buffer region?

Please draw the Lingyange Pavilion with founding heroes.

What are the scholars?

Liehou, who was once named as the food city?

Appreciate:

This poem is composed of two rhetorical questions, which are abrupt and radical, but also express their feelings directly, expressing the pain of home and country and the sadness of life experience to the fullest.

The first question is a general question, but also a question of self, which contains the pride of the rise and fall of the country and the responsibility of every man. Why don't men take Wu Gou, start a sentence in a hurry, and immediately collect 50 States in Guanshan, just like a waterfall, falling from a height with great momentum. Take Wu Gou to point out the action of joining the army, put on a saber and go to the battlefield. How heroic! Recovering Guanshan is the purpose of joining the army. The mountains and rivers are broken, and the people are miserable. How can a poet stay in the countryside and do nothing? Therefore, he is eager to make contributions and serve the country. One or two sentences, fourteen words in one go, and the rhythm is bright, which is very in line with the poet's high-spirited mood and urgent mood. The word "why not" in the first sentence is very expressive. It not only constitutes a specific sentence (question), but also emphasizes the tone of rhetorical questions, which enhances the power of expressing feelings and feelings in poetry. Faced with the situation of raging fires and wars, the poet was extremely anxious and couldn't wait to go to the battlefield immediately to defend his country. Why not ask yourself, it is imperative, and it implies the critical military situation and the poet's own anxiety. In addition, it also makes people feel the pent-up resentment of the poet. Scholar Li He has long been famous for his poems. He could have learned to be an official, but this road was ruthlessly blocked by feudal ethics that avoided his father, leaving him no chance to display his talents. Why don't you say a word shows that you are really helpless. The second sentence, word for word, is easy to lift weights and has the potential to break bamboo, vividly expressing the poet's urgent desire to save the country. However, how easy is it to gather 50 States in Guanshan? Scholar's spirit can't achieve the great cause of recovering Guanshan, but if you want to get rid of the sad situation in front of you, you have to go through a military career and kill the enemy to make achievements. This contradiction highlights the poet's anger and injustice.

Please go to see the paintings of the founder heroes with pictures. Another scholar was once called the aristocrat of a million families? The poet asked, "Who is a scholar?" ? Here the poet uses rhetorical questions instead of declarative sentences, and the meaning of complaining is stronger. The poet seems to highlight the necessity of joining the army from the opposite side, but in fact he further expresses his incompetence and resentment. From high-spirited agitation to melancholy and sadness, we see not only the strokes of contrast, but also the ups and downs of rhythm, echoing in urgency. In this way, the poet expresses his complex thoughts and feelings in the rhythm of poetry, which allows readers to deepen their understanding and feelings of the theme from the infection of rhythm.

Li He's poems in South Garden mostly satirize the scenery inside and outside the garden to express his life and feelings. However, this poem does not begin with what you see, but gives money out of thin air and sees anger in pride. The cover is only made at the same time, not limited to the title.

Snow and dark clouds in the suburbs of Huaqing Palace

The snow on the outskirts of Huaqing Palace in Wuqing is dark in the clouds.

The snow in the suburbs darkened the clouds, but the palace collapsed and dried up.

The green trees and the blue curtains set each other off, and no one knew it was cold outside.

Make an appreciative comment

Wu Rong's Huaqing Palace, recorded in The Whole Tang Poetry, is divided into two groups, one with two poems and the other with four poems. This is the first of two poems in Huaqing Palace.

Huaqing Palace is closely related to the names of Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei. For example, Du Mu's "Crossing the Qing Palace": Chang 'an looks back and embroiders in piles, and the top of the mountain opens a thousand times. The princess of mortals smiled, but no one knew it was litchi. It chose Yang Guifei's view that she was happy when she saw the tribute litchi coming to the foot of Lishan Mountain, and exposed the sin that the ruling class ignored people's livelihood for their own selfish interests. Wu Rong's Huaqing Palace is somewhat similar to Du Mu's poems in terms of subject matter and expression, which reveals the sufferings brought to the people by the extravagant life of Emperor Xuanzong and Yang Yuhuan through the details in Huaqing Palace, but the artistic conception created is unique.

The first sentence, the suburbs are covered with snow and dark clouds, with the emphasis on the heavy snow outside Huaqing Palace. Flying figures have a dynamic aesthetic feeling, depicting the scene of the north wind whistling and snowflakes flying in the suburbs of Gong Jin. A dark word, from the perspective of color, describes the power of heavy snow emptying, omits the sense of touch from the visual feeling, and makes it easy for people to experience the biting chill outside the palace from the poetry picture, giving people a cold feeling.

In the second sentence, when the snow falls into the palace, the pen tip turns from outside the palace into the palace. A unique word defines the special scope of falling snow, and a rotating word vividly describes the scene of the rapid melting and disappearance of falling snow in the palace from the perspective of time, and implicitly writes the warmth in the palace, which is in contrast with the first sentence.

The third sentence is shaded by green trees and green curtains, which vividly depicts the harmony of spring in the palace. The underground hot springs of Huaqing Palace spew, and the palaces on the ground are resplendent and magnificent, and the forbidden walls are towering, which can keep out the wind and cold, so the temperature in the palace is high and the trees are green all year round. The green trees here represent the difference between the natural creators in the palace and those outside the palace, while the blue curtain reflects the luxury of the owner's life in the palace.

No one knows that it's cold outside, but he writes the fatuous image of the owner of Huaqing Palace, who doesn't care about state affairs and people's sufferings. The poet implicitly pointed out: since Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty didn't even know the change of natural phenology and the arrival of winter, how could he know that it was cold? The king of a country doesn't know the taste of cold, how can he observe the state affairs clearly and remember the sufferings and joys of the people? Such a fatuous person provided the soil for the ambition of An Shi Rebellion to germinate and grow consciously or unconsciously.

This poem is novel in artistic conception and implicit in irony, which is in sharp contrast with the temperature difference inside and outside the palace, resulting in the scattered structure of the poem and ups and downs. The successful use of exaggeration has also become one of the artistic features of this poem.