A famous saying about farewell is not a poem.

There are many farewell poems in the Tang Dynasty, among which The Biography of Ren Shu, Cheng Wei Qu by Wang Wei, Dongda by Gao Shi, Xin Qiji's Farewell at Furong Inn by Wang Changling, Farewell to Wang Lun by Li Bai, Farewell to Meng Haoran to Yangzhou by Yellow Crane Tower and A Song Farewell to Tian Li Wu's Home are all excellent works.

Parting is sad, but the parting and sadness described by poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty are those of young people. Apart from sadness, it is full of youthful breath, positive optimism, dreams and hopes, and full of vigorous vitality. These are the unique mental outlook of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Most of these farewell poems we are talking about are four or seven ancient poems. Mr Lin Geng once said that these two languages are the most unrestrained poetic languages. This free and unrestrained language and the spirit of freedom and liberation complement each other, and * * * embodies the atmosphere of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

There are many common images, among which Changting, Nanpu, Liu Yang and Wine are the most representative.

In ancient times, there were pavilions on the roadside for travelers to stop to rest or see off. At that time, there were long pavilions in Shili and short pavilions in Wuli. Therefore, the "Long Pavilion" has become an image with feelings of parting, which constantly appears in ancient farewell poems.

Nanpu is more common in farewell poems of South-to-North Water Transfer Project; It has become a common image in farewell poems, which has a lot to do with Qu Yuan's famous sentence "Send a beautiful woman to Nanpu". After Jiang Yan wrote Biefu, Nanpu wrote more farewell poems. Farewell poems in Tang and Song Dynasties are more common, resulting in feelings of parting and hatred, while Nanpu Ziqu and Nanpu epigrams are mostly used to write feelings of parting, feelings of hurting parting or worrying about traveling far away.

Starting from Xiaoya and Cai Wei in the Book of Songs, the tenderness of willow and the tenderness of parting merged together, resulting in the song "Folding Willow", which is more about the sadness and no hate of parting; Moreover, because "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, there is a custom of folding Liu to keep people in ancient times, and "Liu" is more closely related to farewell. In the farewell poems of Tang and Song Dynasties, "Liu" is often used to express feelings of parting.

Wine is also one of the most common images in farewell poems. Yang Zai in the Yuan Dynasty said, "Anyone who gives people more wine to show their feelings, write a picture to comfort them, to show their gratitude." Wine can not only relieve depression, but also contain deep blessings. There are many poems that associate wine with the feeling of parting, the most famous of which is Wang Wei's "Cheng Wei Qu".

When sending Yuan Er to Anxi

Wang Wei

The rain in the early morning moistened the dust of the land, the inn of the inn, the branches and leaves of the inn, and a new leaf

Sincerely advise friends to drink a glass of wine, and it is difficult to meet their loved ones when they go out to Yang Guan in the west.

works appreciation

This is a poem to send a friend to the northwest frontier. Anxi, the abbreviation of Anxi Duhu, was established by the central government of the Tang Dynasty to govern the western regions, located in Qiuci City (now Kuqa, Xinjiang). The friend named Yuan went to Anxi on the orders of the imperial court. In the Tang Dynasty, most people who traveled westward from Chang 'an saw them off in Weicheng. Weicheng is the old city of Xianyang, Qin Dou, in the northwest of Chang 'an, on the north bank of Weishui.

Write the time, place and atmosphere of farewell in the first two sentences. In the morning, the Acropolis Guest House extends from east to west, and the postal road has no end. Willow trees surround the guest house and the postal road is on both sides. All this seems to be a common sight, but it is picturesque and picturesque. Yu Chao plays an important role here. The rain didn't last long in the morning, but it stopped as soon as it got wet. On the main road from Chang 'an West, cars and horses usually cross and the dust is flying, but now the rain has suddenly stopped, the weather is fine and the road looks clean and refreshing. The word "light dust" means wet, and it is used in a measured way here, indicating that the rain clears the dust without wetting the road, just right, as if by providence, a light dust road has been specially arranged for people who travel far away. Hostel is originally the companion of travelers; Willow is a symbol of parting. Having chosen these two things, I naturally intend to end my farewell. They are usually associated with sadness and hatred, showing a feeling of ecstasy. However, today, because of a shower of morning rain, there is a clear and fresh look-"the guest house is green and willow is new." On weekdays, the roads are dusty, and the color of willows on the roadside is inevitably shrouded in gray dust and fog. It's only when it rains that the green is washed again, so "new" reflects the green guest house because of the new willow color. In a word, from clear skies to clean roads, from green guest houses to green willows, a picture with fresh and clear colors has been formed, which provides a typical natural environment for this farewell. This is a affectionate parting, but it is not a sad parting. Instead, it reveals a light and hopeful mood. The rhymes of words such as "light dust", "green" and "new" are soft and lively, which strengthens the reader's feeling.

There are strict restrictions on the length of quatrains. This poem, about how to hold a farewell banquet, how to raise glasses frequently at the banquet, how to say goodbye euphemistically, how to be reluctant to part with it, how to look forward and backward after boarding the ship, etc., was all given up, and only the host's toast was cut at the end of the farewell banquet: if you drink this cup again, you will never see your old friend again when you leave Yangguan. The poet, like a clever photographer, took the most expressive photos. The banquet lasted for a long time, and the wine full of special feelings was drunk too much. The words of polite farewell were repeated many times. The time for friends to go on the road is finally coming, and the feelings of farewell between host and guest have reached its peak at this moment. The toast that the host seems to blurt out is the concentrated expression of the strong and profound farewell feeling at this moment.

Three or four sentences are a whole. If you want to deeply understand the deep feelings contained in this parting exhortation, you can't help but involve "going to the west to get out of Yang Guan". Yangguan, located at the western end of Hexi Corridor, is opposite to Yumenguan in the north. Since the Han dynasty, it has been the channel for the mainland to go out of the western regions. The national strength of the Tang Dynasty was strong, and there were frequent exchanges between the mainland and the western regions. Joining the army or going to Yangguan is a desirable feat in the eyes of the prosperous Tang people. But at that time, the western part of Yangguan was still poor and barren, and the scenery was very different from that of the mainland. Although it is a feat, my friend's "going out to the west" can't help but go through the long March and be prepared for the hardships and loneliness of walking alone. Therefore, when he left, "advise you to drink more wine" was like a cup of rich emotional nectar, which soaked all the rich and profound friendship of the poet. There are feelings of parting, deep consideration for the situation and mood of travelers, and cordial wishes for cherishing the road ahead. For the farewell party, persuading the other party to "have more drinks" is not only to let friends take away more friendship, but also to delay the breakup intentionally or unintentionally and let the other party stay for a moment. Does the feeling of "going out of Xiyangguan for no reason" belong only to walkers? Parting, I have a lot to say, but I don't know where to start at the moment. On this occasion, there is often silence. "Advise you to drink more wine" is not only a way to break this silence unconsciously, but also a way to express the rich and complicated feelings at the moment. What the poet has not said is much richer than what he has said. In short, although three or four sentences are only moments, they are extremely rich moments.

This poem describes the most common parting. It has no special background, but it has its own deep feelings of farewell, which is suitable for most people to sing outside the banquet. Later, it was compiled into Yuefu and became the most widely circulated and longest-lasting song.

1. On some characteristics of farewell poems before Tang Dynasty;

In the history of China's poetry development, farewell poems have a long history. Li's Yan Fengyan and Qin Feng Weiyang are the earliest existing farewell poems. Qu Yuan's Songs of the South also wrote farewell poems many times. Twenty-one farewell poems written by Li Ling under the pen names of Su Wu and Li Ling appeared in the Han Dynasty, which is a set of farewell poems. The number of farewell poems in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties has been increasing, which has become a kind of poetry in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Since then, it has become a major landscape of the Tang Dynasty. Shen Deqian, A Qing compiled a collection of poems of the Tang Dynasty. Among the more than 900 poems of/kloc-0, there are nearly 300 farewell poems.

Throughout the ancient farewell poems, it is not difficult to find that there is an emotional thread running through them-the melancholy of sketching. Although "expressing one's will and expressing one's feelings" was originally a national feature accumulated by China's ancient poems for thousands of years, it is not exclusive to farewell poems, but this kind of poems is more sincere and intense in lyricism than other generic works. As the predecessors said: "The words of farewell to the dead in ancient times, those who recite Lacrimosa, are really affectionate." This feature is not unreasonable (Sao's reclusive scholar's words are recorded in the data set of ancient Chinese rhetoric). The farewell poems emphasize reunion and resentment, which is the traditional psychology of the Chinese nation. The ancients said, "If you are not sad, you will leave" (Nine Songs) and "If you are different, you will complain" (Jiang Yan's Biefu). Only this kind of ending can make people "ecstatic", which is one of them; In ancient times, traffic was underdeveloped. Every line, easy is difficult, so it was highly valued by the ancients ("Yan Family Instructions"), followed by; Or warlord scuffles, factional struggles, or peasants' pursuit of justice, "guilty of insurrection", the frequent redistribution of power within the ruling class and the constant sharpening of class struggles have caused the turmoil in the ancient social and political situation, and the "sense of hardship" often hangs over the minds of feudal scholars. In the face of such parting, it is inevitable to produce a kind of "in this cold world?" Therefore, parting is more valued, and the third is; After the Sui and Tang Dynasties, attracted by the imperial examination system, scholars had a strong sense of "participating in politics" in order to get a part-time job and establish a career. They are often far away from home, traveling to many places, or failing in the examination room and not trying to get ahead, or being accused for a long time and leaving home all the year round; It is difficult to make new friends, but it is difficult to make old friends. Therefore, in this case, every time there is a sigh of "floating clouds" and "flowing water", parting like poetry is bound to be true, which is the fourth. As Zhong Rong said: "If it is ... Jia will send a poem to her relatives and leave her alone to complain." As for Chen Chu's resignation, Han concubine resigned from the palace ... or took up the responsibility of defending the outside, killing the male side. The guest's clothes are stuffed, and the widow's tears are exhausted. Or a scholar who has thanked her for leaving the DPRK and forgetting to return home ... all kinds of repercussions, the soul of feeling, how can non-Chen poetry show its meaning? Why not Long song? " (Preface) Proved by poetry, it is that "seeing off guests in high-rise buildings is not drunk, and the heart is clear in lonely cold months" (Wang Changling's "Two Poems to Send Xinxian to Xiaorong Building" II), "There is no reason to persuade you to drink more, and there is no reason to go out to Yangguan in the west" (Wang Wei's "Send Yuan Er Shi An Xi"), "It is difficult to meet each other in the north and south of Beijing, so don't cherish the wine stains on your shirt.

One of the characteristics of farewell poems is that they all show the contradiction between the subject's will and the harsh reality to varying degrees, which is embodied in the former's "I want to stay, but I can't bear to give up", arousing readers' cries, sympathy and pity with tragic emotional conflicts and huge spiritual fluctuations. Take poetry as an example:

My hometown is full of hay, and my friends are really not sad. The way you walked into the sky, when I saw the snow falling at dusk, I came back again.

When I was young, my father and I traveled abroad, and I had no time to meet you in many difficulties and hardships. We cry, we say nothing. What can I wish for you in this cold world? ? (Lu Lun's "Send to Li Duan")

In this farewell poem, it is sad that you are lonely and need the comfort of relatives and friends, but you make a guest appearance too early; I hate knowing each other late. When I get to my knees, I will be in the same place day and night, but I have to leave again. I can't stay. I am sad. When the grass withers and the snow falls, is it bleak season? Three sorrows; Don't be together in the future, but I don't know when and where to meet. Very sad. It can be seen that it is this serious contradiction between subjective will and objective reality that leads to the author's emotional conflict and makes the work stained with a strong tragic color.

What should a poet do if he encounters difficulties in real life? ? His farewell poems can also wrap the feeling of personal life. "I am a crane in a cage, a dragon in the spring" (Yuan Zhen's Six Years of Spring), "Abdominal illness is hard to send, and the west wind is long in Wan Li" (Li Shangyin's "Twelve brothers Wang and the terrorists exchanged visits for a drink, and sometimes they couldn't go because of the funeral, but they sent it), and one of them compared himself to" Jiangling's demotion "and" I cried at the end of the road and was trapped in your clothes " In these farewell poems, the contradiction between will and reality, and the conflict between ideals are intertwined, showing a more vivid tragic color.

Lyricism by borrowing scenery is one of the important expressive arts of China's classical poems, and so are farewell poems. Farewell poems express hatred and other feelings. In ancient times, most farewell poems were near the fork in the road, Tianjin Ferry, Changting or outside the capital. In such a relatively broad space environment, the objective images that the author can use to express his feelings are nothing more than the afterglow of the sunset, the running water flowing through waves, the river wind leading to rain, the flat sand rolling up, the clouds passing through the Qinling Mountains and the roads winding around the Shu Mountains. So is the so-called "mountain climbing to deliver water". Once these images enter the poem with the author's parting feelings and become "humanized nature", they constitute a desolate, desolate and deep aesthetic form. "Jason Wu, as a hometown, is connected with water, and it is slim for you to go to Chunjiang. Where do the sails anchor at sunset? And heaven remains our neighbourhood, breaking people's intestines. " (Meng Haoran's "Sending Du Fourteen Visits to the South of the Yangtze River") Jing and Wu are connected, and the riverside is thin and desolate, which contains the author's endless separation. The last two sentences develop artistic conception in association, deepen feelings in profound "looking at the horizon", and make the whole poem become a whole. It's like "At the end of the mountain, the water is flowing through the wilderness" (farewell at Jingmen Ferry by Li Bai), "Now the long river is setting in yen, the five lakes are in spring, and the sun is setting" (farewell to the king by Liu Changqing), "The old road is sweet and the greenery is dripping" (farewell to ancient grass by Bai Juyi). These farewell poems are mostly described from big places, distant places and moving places, which not only makes people feel a sense of loss from the infinite expansion and extension of their space, but also gives people a sense of anxiety and anxiety, from which they realize the sadness and sadness of parting.

The combination of reality and fiction is another feature of farewell poems. Farewell poems are often speculated on the basis of the author's feelings, generally imagining the specific environment that the other party wants to see or the loneliness and melancholy that he will experience on the way after leaving. Such as Wang Changling's "Send Weil":

Upstairs, the river was drunk and drunk to bid farewell to the sweet orange pomelo, and the wind and rain in the river brought the boat desolate. Imagine that you are alone in the xiaoxiang moon, listening to the long ape with a melancholy dream.

The last two sentences are conjecture. After the virtual separation, friends disembarked in Xiaoxiang, "worrying about the sound of apes", and even fidgeting because of the loneliness of nocturnal travel in dreams, in order to double the sadness of the author's departure and his deep concern for friends.

The forward-looking thinking of farewell poems constitutes a continuation of the current situation in time and space, an outward extension of the author's cherished friendship, and embodies the dialectical unity of truth and reality.

2. Farewell Poems of Tang Dynasty

There are many farewell poems in the Tang Dynasty, among which Ren Shu Biography, Cheng Wei Qu by Wang Wei, Farewell to Dongda by Gao Shi, Farewell to Xin Qiji by Furong Inn by Wang Changling, Farewell to Wang Lun by Li Bai, Farewell to Meng Haoran to Yangzhou by Yellow Crane Tower, and Farewell to Tian Li Wu's Home are representative works.

Parting is sad, but the parting and sadness written by poets in the prosperous times of the early Tang Dynasty are those of young people. Apart from sadness, it is full of youthful breath, positive and optimistic emotions, dreams and hopes, and full of vigorous vitality. These are the unique mental outlook of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This free and unrestrained language and the spirit of freedom and liberation complement each other, and * * * embodies the atmosphere of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Farewell poems in Tang Dynasty have the following characteristics:

The emotion expressed by (1) contains high-spirited, optimistic and positive emotions in Leaving Sorrow;

(2) The language is simple and natural. Representative works include Send to Ren Shuchuan, Wang Wei's Send to Yuan 20' an, Gao Shi's Dongda, Wang Changling's Send Wood to the Court, Lotus Inn and Xin Qiji's Farewell, Li Bai's Send to Wang Lun, Yellow Crane Tower's Send Meng Haoran to Yangzhou, and Send Bai Xuege.

After the middle Tang Dynasty, the national situation declined, and there were more and more confused and sad feelings in farewell poems.

3. Analysis of farewell poems in Tang Dynasty.

(1) Wang Bo's "Send Du Shaofu as a Book Biography"

This poem is a farewell masterpiece in the Tang Dynasty, which was written by Wang Bo when he sent his friends to Sichuan in Chang 'an. The first couplet belongs to the "place name pair" in the "work pair", which is extremely magnificent and exquisite. The second couplet is inherited by the scattered tune, and the style of writing is ups and downs. The third step away, Qifeng protruding. From the point of view of conception, it may be influenced by Cao Zhi's "Giving a White Horse to Wang Biao". "The husband is full of ambition, and Wan Li is still close to his neighbors; Love never loses, but its inspiration comes from its distance from Japan, but it is highly summarized and has become a famous sentence through the ages. After the tail couplet is the first couplet to comfort Du Shaofu. The whole poem is unique, with a cheerful and high-spirited style to write farewell feelings, magnificent, showing the concept of career-oriented among friends, full of enterprising spirit.

(2) The comparison between Wang Wei's Send Yuan to Twenty Shores Xi and Gao Shi's Don't Move Big.

This is a poem to send a friend to the northwest frontier. The friend named Yuan went to Anxi on the orders of the imperial court. In the Tang Dynasty, most people who traveled westward from Chang 'an saw them off in Weicheng. The whole poem writes about scenery first, and then expresses emotion. The scenery written is full of spring, warm and beautiful, but the feelings expressed are graceful and lingering, slightly sentimental. The last two sentences are quite poetic, shallow in meaning, strong in arms and sad in parting. Although Gao Shi's poem "Don't move big" is short, it fully shows the characteristics of Gao Shi's poem "all from the chest, both qi and bone" Compared with the poem "Send Yuan 20 An Xi", this poem writes the scenery first, then expresses feelings, and the last two sentences are also poetic, but the scenery written is dim, cold, confused and sad, with a sad, melancholy and negative tone, and the feelings expressed turn into cheerful, upward and enterprising.

(3) Li Bai's Gift to Wang Lun.

The first two sentences of this poem are narratives. Write the person who is leaving first, and then write the person who is seeing me off, which shows the farewell picture concisely and clearly. "Take a boat" means that it is moving along the waterway, which makes us seem to say goodbye to people and leave the shore by boat. The word "suddenly smell" is more implicit, creating suspense for the following. The last two lyrical sentences of the poem are the poetic eyes of the whole poem. The third sentence is connected from a distance, which not only further shows that the ship is set in Taohuatan, but also paves the way for the conclusion. The conclusion vividly expresses the sincere and pure feelings between friends by comparing things, which is ethereal and memorable, natural and true, and has become a famous sentence through the ages.

(4) Li Bai's Farewell to Meng Haoran on the way to Yangzhou by the Yellow Crane Tower.

This is a well-known farewell poem in the Tang Dynasty, written by Li Bai during his farewell trip to his good friend Meng Haoran in Yangzhou. The first two sentences of this poem are all about scenery, which renders a strong farewell atmosphere. The phrase "an old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west" is not only to point out the topic, but also because the Yellow Crane Tower is a world-famous scenic spot, which may be the place where two poets often meet. So when it comes to the Yellow Crane Tower, it brings out all kinds of poetic life contents. The phrase "Fireworks in March in Yangzhou" not only explains the seasons, but also depicts the beauty of spring, and at the same time, it also renders a parting atmosphere of the times. This sentence has beautiful artistic conception and beautiful writing, and was praised as "the eternal quatrain" by Sun Zhu in Qing Dynasty. In the last two sentences of this poem, the poet sent his friend away. On the surface, he seems to be writing a scene, but there is a poetic detail in the scene: Li Bai's eyes looked at the sail shadow until it gradually blurred and disappeared at the end of the blue sky, which shows the long time of watching and the sincerity of Li Bai to his friends. The sail shadow has disappeared, and Li Bai is still staring, only to notice that a stream of spring water is flowing to the junction of water and sky in the distance. Looking at the whole poem, it can be said that it describes a poetic parting and shows the memorable images of two romantic poets.

(5) "Song of Snow" of "Sending Tian Wu to Wu Gui".

The first four sentences of this poem focus on the big picture and go all the way to the strange cold wonders in the frontier. A word "roll" spoke highly of the ferocity of the north wind, and a word "fold" supplemented its strength from the side. The metaphor of "suddenly liking" is novel, which can be described as a stroke of genius, adding a lot of exotic feelings to the whole poem, and also showing the author's optimism in the face of the storm. The heavy snow has brought strange cold to the frontier. The following four sentences "scattered into" capture the characteristic objects in the military camp, and describe the severe cold in the military camp from different angles through people's feelings, reflecting the hardships of soldiers living in the frontier, but because of their bold brushwork and heroic momentum, people are unaware of it. The word "vast sea" is exaggerated and magnificent, showing a picture of frozen snow. As a result, the whole poem changed from chanting snow to saying goodbye, and these two sentences also played a transitional role in connecting the preceding with the following. The following four sentences in "Zhong Jun" describe the scene where the poet gave a banquet in the border area to bid farewell to the military judges, highlighting the farewell atmosphere. The last four sentences of the poet's farewell to his friends are memorable, similar to the brushwork of Li Bai's "Yellow Crane Tower Farewell to Meng Haoran in Yangzhou". The whole poem begins with snow, ends with snow knots, interweaves with singing snow and farewell, and sets off farewell feelings with snow scenes, which is full of deep romance and exotic sentiment.

(6) Wang Changling's "Lotus Inn and Xin Jian Parting".

Furong Building was originally named Northwest Building, and the site is in the northwest of Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu). Boarding can overlook the Yangtze River and overlook the north of the Yangtze River. This poem was written around the twenty-ninth year of Kaiyuan. Wang Changling was in Jiangning (now Nanjing) at that time, and Xin gradually was his friend. This time, he plans to cross the river from Runzhou, pass through Yangzhou and go north to Luoyang. Wang Changling may accompany him from Jiangning to Runzhou, and then break up here. The original title of this poem is * * *. The second poem is about the poet's farewell ceremony for Xin Xian in Furong Building the night before, and this poem is about the scene of leaving by the river the next morning.

"Cold and rainy nights enter Wulianjiang", misty rain hangs over Wu's river surface, weaving an endless network of worries. Rainy nights add to the bleakness of autumn, and also render the gloomy atmosphere of parting. That chill not only permeates the misty rain of the vast river, but also permeates the hearts of two people who have left. The characters "Lian" and "Jin" describe the continuous rain. People can clearly perceive the dynamics from the river rain, so it is conceivable that the poet stayed up all night because of his feelings. However, doesn't this picture of the night rain on the Wujiang River, which connects water and sky, also show an extremely lofty and magnificent realm? In the middle and late Tang poetry and graceful Song poetry, the sound of rain is often written on trivial matters such as the phoenix tree under the window, the iron horse in front of the eaves, and the residual lotus in the pool. But Wang Changling didn't really write the details of how to perceive the coming of autumn rain. He just summed up the hearing, vision and imagination of Lianjiang Rain as Wu, dyed a lot of misty rain with a large piece of light ink, and with great verve, set off the broad artistic conception of "plain and bright, seeing Fujian off, leaving a lonely mountain in Chu".

Early in the morning, it was already dawn, and Xin gradually was about to board the ship and return to the north. Looking at the distant mountains north of the Yangtze River, the poet felt lonely when he thought that pedestrians would soon disappear outside the Chushan Mountain. On the vast river, of course, it is not only the lonely Chushan that enters the poet's field of vision, but the mighty river is the most likely to arouse the association of watery feelings, and the famous sentences obtained by the Tang people are countless. However, Wang Changling did not put his sadness on the river that went with his friends, but focused his parting feelings on Chushan, which stands in the vast Ye Ping. Because friends can get together with relatives and friends when they return to Luoyang, the poets who stay in Wudi can only stand by and watch the river flow away like this lonely Chushan. A word "loneliness" is like a fuse of feelings, which naturally leads to the last two parting words: "Luoyang relatives and friends are like asking each other, and there is a piece of ice in the jade pot."

As early as the Six Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, Bao Zhao, a poet, used "as clear as a jade pot of ice" ("Poem on a White Head") to describe the noble and innocent character. Since Yao Chong, the prime minister of Kaiyuan, wrote Curse of Curse, poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, such as Wang Wei, Cui Hao and Li Bai, encouraged themselves by curling, praising the aboveboard curling. The message that Wang Changling gradually brought to relatives and friends in Luoyang was not the usual peaceful bamboo newspaper, but conveyed his belief that he was still honest and clean, which was of great significance. According to Biography of Talented Talents in Tang Dynasty and Biography of He Shen, Wang Changling was exiled to Lingnan for the first time in the 27th year of Kaiyuan because of his informality. After returning from Lingnan, he was appointed as Jiangning Cheng, and a few years later he was demoted to Long Biao, showing that he was in a bad environment destroyed by oral sex. Here, the poet refers to himself as a crystal clear ice heart jade pot, which is based on the real understanding and mutual trust between him and his relatives and friends in Luoyang. This is by no means a confession of whitewashing slander, but a self-esteem that despises slander. Therefore, the poet holds a bright and clean ice heart from the flawless empty jade pot to comfort his friends, which can express his deep affection for Luoyang relatives and friends better than any words of acacia.

Emotion comes from the scene and emotion is contained in the scene. This is also a feature of Tang poetry, but it is profound, soft and soothing. "Thanks for the hammer marks" (Hu Yinglin's poems) is another unique style of Wang's poems. The boundless river rain and lonely mountains in this poem not only set off the sadness and loneliness of the poet when he bid farewell, but also showed the poet's cheerful mind and strong character. The lonely mountain standing in the middle of the river and the image of Bing Xin placed in the jade pot form a kind of intentional or unintentional care, which naturally reminds people of the poet's arrogant, pure and clean image, and blends exquisite ideas and profound intentions into the empty and clear artistic conception, which is naturally muddy, traceless, implicit and memorable. (This is an appreciation article by Mr. Ge Xiaoyin.)