Where does the fresh water of Lake Baikal come from?

This question is very mysterious. Lake Baikal covers an area of more than 30,000 square kilometers, with an average depth of 740 meters and the deepest point 1.670 meters. Its volume has reached an astonishing 23,600 cubic kilometers, or 23.6 trillion cubic meters. The Three Gorges reservoir capacity is 39.3 billion cubic meters, which is the water volume of 600 Three Gorges reservoirs. It contains about 20% fresh water on the earth's surface. If Lake Baikal is empty, all the rivers in the world will be injected into it, and it will take a year to refill the lake. So where its huge amount of fresh water comes from will attract many people's attention.

Let's look at its river supply first. There are more than 330 rivers flowing into Lake Baikal, of which the Selenger River is the largest tributary. About 27-30 billion river water is injected into lakes every year, accounting for 50%-60% of the river supply, and up to 60 billion river water is injected into lakes every year. But Lake Baikal also flows out of the Angara River, and about 60 billion water flows out every year. At the same time, in the arid area at the lower part of Lake Baikal, there is only about 400 mm of precipitation every year, so it is difficult to maintain such a huge amount of fresh water in Lake Baikal by relying only on rivers and precipitation.

Lake Baikal was formed 25 million years ago, and the lake basin is a rift valley formed by earthquake. At the beginning of its formation, because there was no outflow, rivers in the surrounding mountainous areas kept pouring in and water melted from the glaciers. In addition, Lake Baikal contains many active springs, and now there are countless medical hot springs in the lakeside area. So far, more than 300 hot springs have been discovered, and the amount of hot spring mineral water ejected day and night can reach 400,000 cubic meters. Lake Baikal also has nearly 60 billion cubic meters of active spring water every year. It can be seen that the recharge of Lake Baikal is greater than the outflow of rivers, and the Great Lake Baikal is formed day by day.

Scientific vision, different interpretations, welcome comments and attention!

The water storage capacity of Lake Baikal exceeds 20 trillion cubic meters. Is it enough to supply water only by river runoff in the surrounding temperate continental climate zone?

First of all, it is certain that Lake Baikal has a vast water surface and huge storage capacity, and it is not enough to provide such a large water cycle only by relying on surface river runoff.

To understand this problem, we first need to understand the history and geographical location of Lake Baikal.

Lake Baikal was called "North Sea" in ancient China, and there has been a story of Su Wu's herding sheep since ancient times. Since modern times, especially due to the increasingly decadent and weak Qing government, the Sino-Russian Nebuchadnezzar Chu Treaty signed on September 7, 1689 is bounded by the Ergon River (the source of Heilongjiang), China in the west, Russia in the north, and Lake Baikal in Irvine.

Lake Baikal is located in the south of eastern Siberia, Russia. The lake area is like a huge "crescent moon", which runs northeast-southwest and is located in the hinterland of the inland center of Eurasia. It is about 636 kilometers long, with an average width of about 48 kilometers and a depth of about 730 meters. According to this calculation, the total area of Lake Baikal is about 30,624 square kilometers, which is almost the sum of the four first-tier cities in China, with a storage capacity of about 223,560. Its area is about 7 times that of Qinghai Lake, the largest in China, and its total water storage capacity is about 240 times that of Qinghai Lake.

Judging from the type and formation of Lake Baikal, it belongs to a typical earthquake fault lake, which was formed in a strong earthquake caused by the collision between the Indian Ocean plate and the Eurasian plate about 25 million years ago. In the process of material change, with the continuous movement of the earth's crust and the massive supplement of river runoff such as rain, Lake Baikal has been continuously shaped into an outflow lake, which flows into the Arctic Ocean through rivers and becomes the largest freshwater lake in the world today.

In addition to the supplement of river runoff, a considerable part of the water in Lake Baikal is collected from underground springs, which can be seen from the altitude and water quality of the lake area.

Lake Baikal is about 455 meters above sea level, surrounded by plateau and mountainous terrain, located in the southwest of the East Siberian Mountains. East of it is the Ya Blauf Mountain called Xing 'an Mountains, south is the Mongolian Plateau, west is Sayanling Mountain, and back is the Central Siberian Plateau. This terrain is conducive to the collection of underground springs, and at the same time, due to geological activities such as earthquakes in the lake area, the production of hot mineral springs has been further promoted, so the water quality of Lake Baikal has basically reached the Class I standard. This is also the reason why many drinking water companies are scrambling to build water plants there. It turned out that it was really just carrying water!

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Lake Baikal was called "North Sea" in ancient times because this huge deep-water lake once belonged to us before the Qing government signed the Treaty of Nebuchadnezzar.

Today's Lake Baikal is located in southern Siberia, Russia, near the Republic of Mongolia. Lake Baikal is a crescent-shaped narrow freshwater lake with a length of 636 kilometers and an average width of 48 kilometers, with a water area of 310.5 million square kilometers.

Although Lake Baikal is not the largest lake in the world in terms of water area, it is the deepest lake on the earth, with the deepest point reaching 1637 meters and the average depth exceeding 700 meters! It is precisely because of this depth that the total water storage capacity of Lake Baikal has reached 23.6 trillion cubic meters, more than the entire Baltic Sea and more than the fresh water resources of China! It accounts for 20% of the global surface fresh water reserves!

Lake Baikal is the largest freshwater lake in the world. Why is there so much water in this lake on the mainland? This has to start with the formation of Lake Baikal! The study found that Lake Baikal was actually relatively young, and it was formed 25 to 20 million years ago. Lake Baikal is actually a crack in the Amur plate on the Eurasian plate, which is why it is so deep!

On the one hand, there are more than 300 rivers flowing into Lake Baikal, the largest of which is the Selenger River, which injects 27 billion to 30 billion cubic meters of fresh water into Lake Baikal every year.

On the other hand, it comes from underground springs. Because the altitude of Lake Baikal is very low, which belongs to the lowest point in the surrounding area, the spring water and groundwater formed by many mountains eventually converge to Lake Baikal.

Find out where the fresh water of Lake Baikal comes from, so why is this huge inland water not a saltwater lake? The reason is simple, because Lake Baikal at high latitude has less evaporation, so the salinity has not increased.

Today, Lake Baikal has become a tourist destination for China people. Every year, many people go to Lake Baikal to enjoy the magnificent natural scenery and feel the magic and beauty of nature. Is the largest Siberian lake in the world on your wish list?

Although Lake Baikal is not the largest lake in the world, it has the largest capacity. Lake Baikal is 636 km long, 8 1 km wide and 0/.642 m deep, with an average depth of 758 m and a total capacity of 23,600 cubic kilometers. It has 20% unfrozen fresh water in the world, more than the sum of the Great Lakes of North America. The age, isolation and deep oxygenated water of Lake Baikal create one of the richest freshwater ecosystems in the world. About 80% of the more than 3,700 species found in Lake Baikal are endemic, among which nerpa, the only freshwater seal in the world, is the most famous.

Lake Baikal is also the oldest lake in the world with a history of 25 million years. Lake Baikal is essentially a deep water-filled crack formed by crustal fracture movement. Lake Baikal may have been a riverbed at first, but the vibration and fracture of the earth's crust enlarged and deepened its area, and the melting of glaciers also promoted the rise of its water level. In Pliocene (5.3 million to 2.58 million years ago), a series of lakes similar to the Great Lakes were first formed, and then they were combined to form a unified Lake Baikal.

Lake Baikal is located in a rift valley that intersects with the local groundwater level. Because the evaporation in this area is extremely low, it can store water even if it doesn't rain. In addition, there are more than 300 streams and rivers flowing into Lake Baikal. The Selenger River is the largest water source of Lake Baikal. It flows northward from Mongolia, contributing nearly 50% of the water flowing into the lake. According to the flow of the Serenge River, it will take 820 years to fill Lake Baikal. But the Angara River is the only outlet, which transports about 60 cubic kilometers of water to the Yenisei River every year and finally flows into the Arctic Ocean.

Lake Baikal is the largest freshwater lake in Asia and the seventh largest lake in the world, but it is the deepest lake in the world. Located in Russia.

The water reserves of Lake Baikal are 23.6 1.23 trillion cubic meters, accounting for about 9% of the world's fresh water reserves 1.23 trillion cubic meters. It is the largest freshwater lake in the world.

Lake Baikal is a continental rift lake. The coastline of Lake Baikal is 2100km long and surrounded by mountains.

There are frequent earthquakes and many hot springs along the coast of Lake Baikal. There are more than 300 hot springs by the lake, all of which are constantly erupting for water supply.

Lake Baikal covers an area of 560,000 square kilometers, and there are as many as 336 rivers flowing into it, the largest of which is the Serenge River.

So why is there so much water in Lake Baikal? Mainly due to their own innate conditions, it is a continental valley or a lake, and the container is large enough. In addition, there are many fountains along the lake, which are replenished by more than 300 rivers, and the water quantity is sufficient, which has created the huge water storage capacity of Lake Baikal.

Lake Baikal was called "North Sea" in ancient China, so it can be seen that Lake Baikal is a very large lake, otherwise it would not be commensurate with the "sea".

Lake Baikal was the activity area of ethnic minorities in northern China in the early days, and we are most familiar with it because it is the place where Suwu shepherds. But now Lake Baikal has nothing to do with us. As early as the early Qing Dynasty, this place and its surrounding areas were ceded to Russia by the rulers of the Qing Dynasty. Now Lake Baikal belongs to Russia.

Lake Baikal is in eastern Siberia, Russia, and in the Republic of Buryatia and Irkutsk region in the south. The lake is 363 kilometers long, with an average width of 48 kilometers and an area of 3 1.500 square kilometers. It is a lake formed by stratigraphic fault subsidence, with an altitude of 455 meters, an average depth of 730 meters, and the deepest point 1637 meters. It can be said that Belga Lake is not only the deepest lake in the world, but also the lake with the largest water storage capacity in the world.

Belga Lake has a total storage capacity of 23.6 trillion cubic meters, accounting for about 20% of the total fresh water in the world. In other words, a lake Baikal has more fresh water resources than the total fresh water in our country, which is a very large treasure house of resources; If we have such a lake, the problem of water shortage in northern China will be completely solved, so the fresh water resources of Lake Baikal make people drool.

However, where do so many fresh water resources of Lake Baikal come from? Is there too much fresh water?

According to relevant data, the fresh water of Lake Baikal mainly comes from two aspects-the supplement of river runoff and the collection of underground water sources. There are more than 300 rivers around Lake Baikal, and the largest direct current is the Selenger River, which injects 27-30 billion cubic meters of water into Lake Baikal every year.

Of course, the water volume of a single river is not enough to form such a large water storage scale of Lake Baikal. In addition, Lake Baikal is located in the plateau area, which is a big mountain range. This terrain is very conducive to the formation of underground spring water (snow mountain water). Lake Baikal is the lowest point of the terrain and naturally becomes a gathering place for groundwater. Moreover, Lake Baikal was formed 25 million years ago, so the groundwater in Lake Baikal has accumulated for more than 20 million years.

Of course, because of these characteristics, the water quality of Lake Baikal is quite good, and many domestic manufacturers have established large-scale mineral water plants there.

One fifth of the world's fresh water is preserved in Lake Baikal in southern Siberia, Russia, which lies between the northwest of Irkutsk and the southeast of Buryatia. Compared with other lakes, this lake is relatively small. It is the ninth largest lake in the world. Lake Baikal is 635 kilometers long and 50 kilometers wide on average, but it is deep.

The maximum depth of Lake Baikal is1640m, which can hold 23,000 cubic kilometers of fresh water. More than the Great Lakes of North America combined. Lake Baikal is also very old, similar to Lake Tanganyika in Africa, which was formed by cracks in the earth's crust about 25 million years ago. Many hot springs around indicate that the geological activities in this area are still active. Seismologists recorded about 2000 earthquakes in this area.

The age of Lake Baikal is estimated to be between 25 million and 30 million years, which makes it the oldest lake in geological history. It is unique among large high-latitude lakes because its sediments are not covered by continental ice sheets. In 1990s, Russia, the United States and Japan cooperated in the study of deep drilling core sediments, which provided detailed records of climate change in the past 6.7 million years. It is expected that there will be longer and deeper sedimentary cores in the near future. Lake Baikal is the only closed freshwater lake with direct and indirect evidence of natural gas hydrate.

Lake Baikal is completely surrounded by mountains. Mount Baikal on the north shore and the Baguzin Mountains on the northeast coast are listed as national parks by Russia. It consists of 27 islands, the largest of which is Alcorn Island, which is 72 kilometers long and the third largest island around the lake in the world. As many as 330 inflow rivers provide fresh water for Lake Baikal. The main rivers that directly flow into Lake Baikal are Seragig River, Bakujin River, Upper Angara River, Tulka River, Salma River and Sneznaya River. The water from Lake Baikal flows out through an outlet-the Angara River. In addition, the atmospheric precipitation and snow melting in this area also provide a certain source of fresh water.

In winter, Lake Baikal freezes and local people drill holes in the ice to fish. Fish can be seen swimming under the ice where it freezes in a calm day. Even if the ice is thick, the daily temperature fluctuation will form a crack one meter deep. After the ice melts, Lake Baikal is very clear and the visibility is as high as 40 meters.

Many species living here are unique to Lake Baikal, such as Baikal seal or Golomiyanka, which is the only freshwater fish in the world that can lay eggs at a depth of 1400 meters.

I've heard of Su Wu's The Shepherd! The site is located on the bank of Lake Baikal today. Lake Baikal was called Beihai in the Western Han Dynasty, where Su Wu herded sheep for nearly 19 years.

Lake Baikal is the largest freshwater lake in the world, with a total storage capacity of 23,600 cubic kilometers, while the global total freshwater is about123,000 cubic kilometers, so the freshwater reserves of Lake Baikal are about 20% of the global total. Lake Baikal is 623 kilometers long and 50 kilometers wide. Although it is not the largest lake, it is the deepest lake on earth. The average water depth is 730m, and the deepest point can reach 1620m.

The isolated freshwater system with a long history also breeds rich ecosystems. There are nearly 3,000 species in Lake Baikal, including plants and animals, three quarters of which are endemic to Lake Baikal. For example, the whole body is transparent, such as concave-eyed white fish and Baikal seal. And all kinds of mollusks and sponges.

Lake Baikal has a long history. Geologists believe that it was formed by the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate 20-25 million years ago, and finally formed a lake basin. At first, Lake Baikal was also called the sea, which means that Lake Baikal was originally salty, and that's when the seals of Lake Baikal came to Lake Baikal to survive. First of all: Baikal seal is the only seal that lives in fresh water.

Photo: Lake Baikal seal

Later, due to the movement and change of the earth's crust, Lake Baikal became an inland lake. It was still a saltwater lake at that time. However, after a long period of time, a large amount of rainwater and seawater poured into Lake Baikal, and the salt lake gradually became a freshwater lake, and Baikal seals also adapted to the freshwater environment. Photo: Lan Bing unique to Lake Baikal Photo: Viviparous shellfish unique to Lake Baikal.

There are 336 rivers flowing into Lake Baikal, with a basin area of 560,000 square kilometers. A large river flows into Lake Baikal from Serenger, south of Lake Kusugur in Mongolia, which was called Xiane River or Xiane River in Tang Dynasty.

First of all, it is certain that Lake Baikal has a vast water surface and huge storage capacity, and it is not enough to provide such a large water cycle only by relying on surface river runoff.

To understand this problem, we first need to understand the history and geographical location of Lake Baikal.

Lake Baikal was called "North Sea" in ancient China, and there has been a story of Su Wu's herding sheep since ancient times. Since modern times, especially due to the increasingly decadent and weak Qing government, the Sino-Russian Nebuchadnezzar Chu Treaty signed on September 7, 1689 is bounded by the Ergon River (the source of Heilongjiang), China in the west, Russia in the north, and Lake Baikal in Irvine.

Lake Baikal is located in the south of eastern Siberia, Russia. The lake area is like a huge "crescent moon", which runs northeast-southwest and is located in the hinterland of the inland center of Eurasia. It is about 636 kilometers long, with an average width of about 48 kilometers and a depth of about 730 meters. According to this calculation, the total area of Lake Baikal is about 30,624 square kilometers, which is almost the sum of the four first-tier cities in China, with a storage capacity of about 223,560. Its area is about 7 times that of Qinghai Lake, the largest in China, and its total water storage capacity is about 240 times that of Qinghai Lake.

Judging from the type and formation of Lake Baikal, it belongs to a typical earthquake fault lake, which was formed in a strong earthquake caused by the collision between the Indian Ocean plate and the Eurasian plate about 25 million years ago. In the process of material change, with the continuous movement of the earth's crust and the massive supplement of river runoff such as rain, Lake Baikal has been continuously shaped into an outflow lake, which flows into the Arctic Ocean through rivers and becomes the largest freshwater lake in the world today.

In addition to the supplement of river runoff, a considerable part of the water in Lake Baikal is collected from underground springs, which can be seen from the altitude and water quality of the lake area.

Lake Baikal is about 455 meters above sea level, surrounded by plateau and mountainous terrain, located in the southwest of the East Siberian Mountains. East of it is the Ya Blauf Mountain called Xing 'an Mountains, south is the Mongolian Plateau, west is Sayanling Mountain, and back is the Central Siberian Plateau. This terrain is conducive to the collection of underground springs, and at the same time, due to geological activities such as earthquakes in the lake area, the production of hot mineral springs has been further promoted, so the water quality of Lake Baikal has basically reached the Class I standard. This is also the reason why many drinking water companies are scrambling to build water plants there. It turned out that it was really just carrying water!