What are the imaginary axis and counterattack in the audiovisual language of film directors?

1. imaginary axis: people and things in movie images generally appear in a dynamic form. In other words, their positions in the scene will constantly change. At the same time, in order to enrich the performance of the image, the position of the camera will change constantly. The subject and lens are changing, which easily leads to confusion in narrative and character relations. For example, Zhang San walks from east to west, and the camera is located in the south. Then, Zhang San walks from right to left on the screen; Zhang San walks from east to west, and the camera is located in the north, so Zhang San walks from left to right on the screen. In order to avoid these puzzles, filmmakers summed up the principle of imaginary axis in long-term practice. Its actual practice is to connect a straight line between the two objects (people or things) closest to the camera. As long as the camera does not cross this straight line, all the shots it takes can be connected. Otherwise, the connection cannot be made. If an independent person or thing is moving forward, then the axis of his moving direction is this imaginary axis. 2, counterattack: true counterattack can not be over the axis, false counterattack over the axis.