Self-study sketch, think the sketch of college entrance examination is rubbish, but how to draw, please advise.

In addition to the purpose, the training of sketch head must also have correct observation methods and expression methods, and only by consciously following these in learning.

Only by doing it according to the principle and mastering the basic laws can we quickly master the laws and methods of modeling.

1. Observation method:

When we start sketching, facing the model is only a preliminary feeling. Although this feeling is profound, if it only stays at the preliminary level.

When you paint on the impression, you will be confused by the details on the surface of the model, so that you can't go deep and sometimes even have some visual illusions.

All kinds of mistakes in the picture, so this preliminary visual experience must be deepened, that is, from the primary stage of sensibility to the stage of rational analysis, and establish a correct

The reason of observation is that "we can't understand what we feel immediately, and only what we understand can feel it more deeply." exist

When sketching portraits, we always combine fresh visual feelings with analyzing the research object. Through such long-term repeated practice and correct observation methods, we can

Constantly improve observation ability.

2. Overall concept:

It is a very prominent problem in portrait sketch training to always observe the object as a whole when painting. Because there is nothing in the sketch.

Isolated things, it is a harmonious whole formed by order and comprehensive relations. To cultivate the ability of overall observation, so as to see the overall situation when sketching, this must go through.

Long-term rigorous training. When painting, if you draw what you see, it will not only make the picture lose the primary and secondary reality that must be observed in painting.

Department, and will lead to the loss of the quilt, because small loss, resulting in the error of body proportion. There is an artistic motto "Draw your nose to see your ears", so it is very practical.

Of course, when sketching, it is impossible to draw all the parts at the same time, but when looking at the object, we should look at the overall situation, and the relationship between the parts should be based on what we observed at one time, not several times.

Observation and what you see at different times are the standards. When drawing the basic shape of the head, we must also pay attention to its relationship with the neck and shoulders. When dealing with light and dark tones, it is also

Therefore, sometimes this part is painted a little deeper, the purpose is enough to make another part peel off the shell; Weakening this part is to highlight that part, which is enough.

Focus on the overall relationship. In a word, because the object we describe is an inseparable whole with internal relations, whether it is structural or not.

System, proportion, black and white, decency, surface and line all exist relatively and restrict each other. If we look at painting in isolation and one-sidedly,

Eventually, the overall unity of the picture will be lost. Thus, overall observation, it is not only a method of observation and performance, but also a side of thinking.

Type method problem.

Since ancient times, successful painters always put the overall relationship in the first place, and seek local subtle changes on the premise that the overall relationship is basically correct.

. Draw parts, see the whole, alternate repeatedly and promote each other. Partial destruction of the whole, the picture will be chaotic, but only the big relationship, no bureau.

Deep into the description department, the whole is empty. The richness of the whole is reflected by the exquisite performance of the parts, which are mutually causal and complementary.

To realize the establishment of "proportional relationship" between parts and parts, parts and whole, we must first determine the main personnel and follow the principle of whole-

Part-the whole painting step, from big to small, from simple to complex, deepens gradually, and at the same time, we should pay attention to the progress between different parts of the picture and always keep corresponding.

The relationship between them can be effectively compared, tested and adjusted.

Connor once said, "I'm never in a hurry to draw details. I first pay attention to the effect and characteristics of a painting ... "

3. Three-dimensional concept:

Everything in the universe is made up of its height, width and depth, which is three-dimensional space. Many candidates lack physical observation of objects.

The principle that products are composed of surfaces. Although they have normal eyesight, they can only draw a two-dimensional space with width and height, but not a depth, which makes them three-dimensional.

Show your feelings. Obviously, any object must be measured in three dimensions, and both are indispensable.

At the beginning of learning sketch, students should be trained to treat all objects in the objective world with a three-dimensional concept and express them in various ways.

. Through repeated study and practice, students' requirements in this respect are more clear. Because, although sketches also show the texture, body feeling and different colors of objects.

The task of feeling, such as drawing an avatar, is that the eyes are transparent, the hair is fluffy and the color is dark; But first of all, we must have a three-dimensional sense. The students began to observe.

You can't always see its volume, only the different colors of the object. So he can't make the dark light receiving part bright, and he can't make the light backlight part bright.

Very deep. The concept of various inherent colors of objects influences them to study the changes of light and shade of objects after receiving light. In order to facilitate learning, we can take the geometry of gypsum as an example.

Understanding the principle that objects are composed of curved surfaces from their sketches is of universal significance for expressing other complex objects. On this basis, establish

It is not easy to start with the concept of shaping a shape in depth in space rather than depicting it on a plane. It is necessary to master perspective knowledge and pay attention to cultivating it.

Only by observing and understanding the habits of objects can we correctly grasp the proper position of objects on the screen and achieve three-dimensional viewing and three-dimensional painting.

4. Artistic expression:

Artistic expression mainly depends on the author's feelings and artistic accomplishment, and on the author's spiritual expression, that is, the expression of his inner world. Author's

The deeper you feel, the more clearly you can feel the beauty of the spirit and image of the object emotionally, and the more effectively you can summarize the art. If painting begins,

First, observe whether the picture is strong or weak, whether the tone is bright or dark, and so on. On the basis of feeling the object, analyze the relationship between primary and secondary, before and after.

In this way, the image on the screen has artistic expression and artistic appeal, from understanding the appearance to grasping the rationality. Painting training is technical training,

At the same time, it is also art training, which is an inseparable whole. In the practice of painting, painting activities are also performance activities, in the eyes and hearts of painters.

, under the same thing. Sketch practice only talks about technology, not art, and can only be said to train painters. Plastic arts do not talk about artistic laws and artistic expressions.

Without art education, let alone artistic creation.

Artistic expression should be put into form and become a concrete image of visual experience. The primary and secondary treatment of picture composition, the cadence of pen and the harmony of phonology.

Rhythm and so on constitute formal beauty. In learning, various factors of formal beauty are also sublimated from observing and feeling objects and applied to artistic practice.

It is not advisable to play regular games on the screen regardless of objects.

5. Sketch the head and head structure:

If you want to sketch an avatar, you must first know this image. How can we understand and master it? This requires us to proceed from the structural characteristics of the image.

Starting with a comprehensive analysis and understanding of the graphic structure, we will make gratifying progress in the future research.

The basic means of sketch modeling: sketch modeling has many forms of expression. Here we think twice and only say two expressions: line and.

Light and shade.

6. Lines:

Line is a clear and expressive modeling method, which can directly and generally outline the physical characteristics and structure of objects, and it is rich.

Rich expressive force and formal beauty. For different objects, different rows are required. From the comparison of different painting styles of art masters, we can realize that

This shows the universality of this field.

Lines also have the function of expressing rhythm, such as ups and downs, corrugated lines, or lines with alternating rigidity, length, width, twists and turns, and cadence.

, giving people a sense of rhythm of music. Menser's painting "Iron Factory Worker" gives us this psychological effect.

The line in sketch can not only effectively grasp the shape, but also make a strong judgment on the object to be represented. Sketch training, no matter what kind of hand you hold

At the beginning of a paragraph, all relationships should be determined by lines. Use different lines to find the shape-use several important auxiliary lines to divide the proportion and position; Use a long straight board

Line drawing a big physical relationship; Draw a small structural turning relationship with tangent; Use thick lines and solid lines to represent the near dark part; Use bright lines and dotted lines to represent the sum of bright parts.

Later part. Through the exploration of lines in sketch training, we can gradually understand the role of lines in painting and create beautiful shapes through lines.

7. Light and shadow:

Light and shadow is a powerful stage to express the three-dimensional sense and spatial sense of objects, and plays an important role in truly expressing objects. Light and dark sketch is suitable for three-dimensional

It shows the physical structure of an object under light irradiation, various textures and colors of the object, and the sense of spatial distance of the object. To make the image more specific.

It has a strong intuitive effect. In early painting, some people used this method to varying degrees. During the Renaissance, with the development of science,

It promotes the maturity of this method and forms the scientific law of light and dark modeling. Three outstanding artists in this period: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael.

The research practice of master's degree has developed the previous experience to a new stage.

Light and shade phenomenon is the reflection of light acting on an object, which is based on physical optics. Without light, it is impossible to produce light and shade. If the light shines

On solid objects, it is not difficult to see different light and shade phenomena. It can be seen that the light and shade phenomenon is the result of the object being irradiated by light.

Although the same object has different light and shade changes due to different light angles, light will not change the structure of the object, because the object

The structure is fixed, but the light is variable. Therefore, when the lightness and hue of an object change, the structure is the subject and the light is the object. When an object is exposed to light, it looks exposed.

Light part and backlight part, that is, bright and dark system. Due to the various ups and downs of the object structure, there are also many changes in the level of light and shade. We put this change

It has certain rules and can be summarized into five shades, namely: bright part, middle color, dividing line between light and dark, reflection and projection. Wherein the bright part and the middle part

Color belongs to the light receiving part of the object, and the boundary between light and shade, reflection and projection belongs to the backlight part. They form the relationship between light and shade of objects.

The five-tone rule is the main rule to shape the three-dimensional sense, and it is also an important means to express the sense of texture, quantity and space. Sketch modeling is displayed correctly

This relationship can achieve very real results. The dividing line between light and dark is the part from light to dark. This darkest part, we can't simply

It is understood as a thick line with changes in width, light and shade, reality and so on, and its characteristics are determined by the strength of the light source and the physical characteristics of the object. We are heavy.

The boundary between light and shade changes because it plays a very important role in modeling. The dividing line between light and dark is a feature that distinguishes different orientations and undulations of the object image plane.

An important symbol of. The dark part and the reflection are a whole. The reflective part is naturally unified in the dark part. Too bright or too dark will affect the shaping of object volume and space.

, painted too brightly, repeated with the bright part of the middle color, appears isolated, affecting the overall coordination and unity.

Intermediate color is the central area of the inherent color of an object, and it is also detailed and complicated. It is the transition surface of the shell that divides the light and shade, and it is not easy to observe clearly.

Chu is an important part that should be carefully studied and portrayed, and at the same time it should be naturally connected with the dark part. Projection is shaping the sense of volume and space of objects.

It plays an important role, so in sketch learning, we should pay attention to the shape change of projection and the relationship between reality and reality.

8. Modeling features of the five senses:

In order to draw these parts correctly and vividly, we should not only be familiar with their basic structure and characteristics, but also understand that the five senses change with facial expressions.

The relationship is formed. If we don't pay attention to the changes and relationships of muscles around the five senses, the performance will be unnatural.

Eyes:

The eye is a sphere composed of the pupil, cornea and canthus embedded in the eye socket. The upper and lower eyelids are wrapped outside the eyeball, and eyelashes grow on the edges of the upper and lower eyes and face.

Radial. The eyelashes of the upper eyelid are thick, long and upturned, while the eyelashes of the lower eyelid are thin, short and bent downward.

The movements of the two eyeballs are unified and consistent, and their views are consistent. Because of the twist of the head, the eyes have different perspective changes.

Eyes have different shapes, such as round, flat, wide, double eyelids and single eyelids.

Different age groups have different eye shapes. Some people have low inner canthus and high outer canthus; Some people's inner canthus and outer canthus are flat, so we should pay attention to distinguish them when observing performances.

Eyebrows:

Eyebrows start from the inner corner of the upper orbital margin, extend outward, and pass through the orbit to become eyebrows, which are divided into two rows. The lower row is radial, thick inside and thin outside, and the upper row is covered.

Up and down, the upward trend is downward, the inner side is straight and rigid, often dark due to backlight, the outer side is curved, and it is gently curved due to illumination. People's eyebrows

Different shapes, trends, shades, lengths and widths are powerful symbols of age, gender, personality and expression.

Nose:

The nose is convex on the face, triangular, and consists of two parts: the root and the bottom. The protuberance on the upper part of the nose is the nasal bone, which is small and strong, and its shape determines the nose.

A child's length, width, etc. The lower part of nasal bone is connected with nasal cartilage, including nasal septum cartilage, nasal cartilage and alar cartilage, and the alar can expand and contract with breathing or expression. nose

There are many shapes, which vary from person to person, including tall, thick, pointed, flat and so on. These are the generalizations of image characteristics. The shape of nostril is consistent with the shape of nose.

And this change, especially with the alar, has a great relationship.

Mouth:

As far as shape is concerned, the mouth is determined by the lips covering the upper and lower skulls and teeth. The radian formed by the jaw and teeth directly affects the lips.

Straight man. The difference of mouth shape is shaped by the radian of skull and teeth. The lips are composed of orbicularis oris muscle, and the upper and lower teeth are born on the semicircular upper and lower skulls.

In the backlash, the outside is a circular volume. There is a depression on the skin surface in the middle of the upper lip, which is called human. There is a lip line on the surface of the lips, and everyone's lip line has a different shape. Last/better/previous/last name

The activities of the lower lip are very flexible and echo each other, which not only plays an important role in pronunciation, but also has a direct impact on expression.

Ears:

The ear consists of outer helix, opposite helix, tragus, opposite tragus and earlobe. It is elastic cartilage tissue, which looks like jiaozi. Ears are slightly longer.

On both sides of the head. In addition to understanding its structure, we should also pay attention to its volume when studying.

Head shape structure:

The structure of human head is complex. In order to learn modeling and better understand the volume of head, we should make geometric induction on human head.

. The skeletal path of the head is the essence of head modeling. It is located between a sphere and a cube, and can be summarized as a sphere, a cube or a wedge as a whole.

A complex between shapes. It is convenient to master the spatial structure of the head by summarizing the head with a cube. There are several prominent points in the skull, which we call bone points. These bones

Points are displayed by facial muscles. From the forehead tubercle to the eyebrow arch, temporal line, zygomatic tubercle and mandibular tubercle, the head is different.

The turning point of a surface. As you can see, eyebrows, eyes, nose and mouth are on one side and ears are on both sides.

9. Head proportion:

The position and morphological characteristics of human facial features are different, which is the basic proportion of the head summarized by predecessors, including three stops and five eyes. Look at the head of the man in front.

From hairline to eyebrows, from eyebrows to nose, from nose to mandible, these three equidistant line segments are three stops. The distance between two ears is the length of five eyes.

Adults' eyes are half a head, and children and the elderly are slightly less than one third. From the arch of the outer eyebrow angle to the lower orbit, and then to the upper edge of the nose, between three points.

The distance is equal, and the ears are on the parallel line between the eyebrows and the tip of the nose. These common head proportions can only be used as a reference in the initial stage of sketch, and most importantly,

Only by using it flexibly in practice and correctly distinguishing different morphological structures can we reflect the personality characteristics of the depicted objects.