What is the difference between boys' and girls' brains?

Are the brain mechanisms of men and women the same? Although this topic is not new, people's discussion about it is still very intense, and even such a topic often appears in the headlines. Some people think that there are obvious differences in brain mechanisms between men and women, but others disagree. The academic discussion on this topic is inconclusive.

The so-called sexual dimorphism refers to the differences in phenotypic traits (physical appearance or biological composition) between bisexual individuals of the same species. The most obvious feature of hermaphroditism is the difference of genitalia. Of course, this variant will also show other differences.

For example, the male individuals of many animals are more colorful than their female spouses. In addition, androgyny will also be manifested in some deeper and more subtle places, such as the human brain mechanism.

Studies have shown that the brains of adult men are about 14% larger than those of adult women, and contain a higher proportion of gray matter. White to gray matter exists in the brain and spinal cord, which divides the important components of the central nervous system into gray matter and white matter.

Studies have also shown that there are differences between men and women in the hippocampus (the area of the brain that is mainly responsible for learning and memory, closely related to memory, pressure regulation and spatial navigation), which further affects the different bone structures of men and women and the ability of nerve cells (neurons) to continuously enhance structural connections (synapses).

Researchers at Franklin University of Medicine and Science in rosalind, rosalind, USA, analyzed 76 papers on the study of human body structure by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a non-invasive detection method, without destroying the complex human body structure, and compared the conclusions of these papers.

It was found that these papers involved the hippocampal volume (HCV) of more than 6,000 men and women of different ages. After comparison, there is no obvious difference in the volume of these hippocampus.

This study overturns the previous view that the hippocampus of women is much larger than that of men. For a long time, researchers have believed that women are better at expressing and men are better at rational thinking because of the differences in the size of hippocampus in their brains, but this new discovery forces researchers to find another answer to these differences.

Lise Elio, a neuroscientist at Franklin Medical University in rosalind, said: "For researchers, the brain difference between men and women is an important basis to explain the differences between men and women. However, based on a small number of data samples, the research tends to find that there are huge differences between men and women; Only when researchers collect enough diverse data will the results show that the differences between male and female brains are actually negligible. "

Differences between men and women in life.

Sleep difference

The risk of insomnia in women is nearly 20% higher than that in men. Scientists from the National Sleep Foundation of the United States have studied the sleep habits of more than 2,000 volunteers and found that nearly 70% of female volunteers often encounter sleep problems. They say they have 1 ~ 3 sleep disorders every week. Only 52% male volunteers reported insomnia 1 week or even longer. This may be caused by emotions, and women are more worried. At the same time, menstruation, pregnancy and menopause will also disrupt normal sleep.

Control emotional differences

Men's and women's brains are similar, but the parts that control feelings are somewhat different. Men and women express their feelings in different ways: men tend to act when they are emotional, while women tend to express their feelings. Women speak better than men and use more words than men. When smiling, women look at each other more often than men.

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Brain cell difference

Men have an average of 23 billion brain cells, while women have an average of 65.438+09 billion brain cells (intelligence is not directly related to the number of brain cells). Female brains are lighter than male brains 150g, male brains are 30% heavier than female brains, and male brain cells are more than female brains 16%.

Strong differences

Men consume 30% ~ 40% more energy than women, and their metabolism is 5% ~ 7% faster than women. Women have more subcutaneous fat than men, and their hunger and cold tolerance are stronger than men, so they have a unique advantage in defending diseases, while men's disease resistance is not as good as women's.

Differences in fear of cold

Women's upper body fat is less, mostly in hips and thighs, while men's excess fat is all in the waist and upper body, which can keep important organs warm and prevent body temperature from dropping.

Brain difference

Men are good at dealing with space problems, while women are more sensitive. Men have strong mathematical reasoning ability, while women are excellent in language and arithmetic.

Young differences

Male skin is thicker than female skin 10%. Male skin is rich in collagen, fat and fat secretion, which can moisturize the skin. The aging of men's skin is not as obvious as that of women after menopause.

Social ability difference

Women are born with better social and life skills than men. An X chromosome from the mother carries a gene responsible for social behavior, which can only be started after it is combined with the X chromosome from the father. In other words, it can only start with women.

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Difference of analgesic response

After taking painkillers, both men and women have different degrees of pain relief. The same pain, the same surgery, the same medication, the effect of women is better than that of men. The duration of pain in men is shorter than that in women.

Heart difference

Men are more prone to heart disease than women, but women are at greater risk of heart disease. This is because women do not always show obvious symptoms like men, such as chest pain. On the contrary, women are more likely to have symptoms that are easily overlooked, such as shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness or jaw pain.

Odor difference

For women, the smell of ugly men is more attractive than that of strong men, while for men, women's looks are attractive and their smells are the most attractive. The more attractive a man's appearance, the less attractive his smell.

Pulmonary differences

Female smokers are more likely to suffer from lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease than male smokers. But generally speaking, men are more likely to suffer from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with 2% of men suffering from this disease, while women only have 1%.

Listening ability difference

The hearing loss rate of men is 1 times faster than that of women, especially for men aged 30-80 compared with women of the same age.

Health differences between men and women

Women's six systems are more fragile.

There are differences between men and women not only in chest and reproductive system, but also in many organs such as brain, heart, stomach and skin. In many diseases, men and women behave differently.

Immune system diseases. Women's immune system fluctuates greatly. Although they live longer than men, they are more likely to suffer from difficult diseases such as lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple scleroderma.

Diseases of the heart system. Women's first heart attack is 10 years later than men's, but once they get it, especially cardiovascular heart disease, it is often fatal.

Motor system diseases. Women's ligaments are naturally much weaker than those of men, and it is more difficult to recover after injury. Studies have shown that ligaments are the most fragile during menstruation and one week after menstruation. Therefore, women should do less sports with quick response and high accuracy, such as kicking shuttlecock, as well as sports that need to move left and right, such as dancing and playing ball, and try to avoid lifting heavy objects.

Nervous system diseases. Women are more prone to depression. After menopause, women may be more likely to suffer from dementia than men of the same age. Therefore, after menopause, women may wish to take hormone replacement therapy such as oral estrogen, and often drink soy milk and eat soy products to make up for the lack of estrogen.

Diseases of digestive system. The chemical composition of male and female saliva is different. Even if they eat the same food, women need to spend more time digesting it. The incidence of chronic constipation is three times that of men, and the incidence of intestinal diseases is twice that of men. Therefore, it is best for women to choose digestible foods such as rice porridge and noodles for dinner, and advance the dinner time by half an hour to 1 hour.

Diseases of skeletal system. Women are more prone to severe skeletal atrophy than men in their later years. Therefore, women should take calcium supplementation as a lifelong nutrition course, eat more high-calcium foods such as milk, eggs and bean products at ordinary times,10am-1am get more sunshine, and often do weight-bearing exercises such as skipping rope and running to stimulate bone metabolism and achieve the purpose of calcium supplementation.

After getting sick, women take more drugs than men, accounting for 2/3 of the total drug consumption. Women are twice as likely to have side effects as men. When using anesthetics, women wake up 7 minutes earlier than men on average.

Men have high IQ and women have good language.

Male brains are heavier than female brains100g, with 4% more brain cells. So their average IQ is 3-4 points higher than that of women. But women have denser cranial nerves and stronger language skills, and men stutter more than women. Men and women also have very different memories. Women are good at remembering details, while men are good at remembering the overall situation. When memorizing roads, women usually determine the location according to landmarks, while men are better at memorizing in kilometers.

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Women are short of calcium and men are short of zinc.

Although couples eat at the same table every day, their nutritional needs are different. Women are most prone to calcium and iron deficiency, while men are prone to zinc deficiency. 19-50-year-old women need about18 mg of iron every day on average; In contrast, an average of 8 mg per day for men is enough. Women need to supplement about 800 mg of calcium every day before the age of 50, and need more than 1000 mg after the age of 50. In contrast, although men also need calcium supplements, the probability of osteoporosis is much smaller than that of women. Men should eat more zinc-rich foods such as seafood, pork liver, beef, laver and sesame.

Men are really single-minded.

Women love reading novels more than men, and will cry and laugh with the protagonist. Women have "emotional" brains, while men have "mechanized" brains. It is doomed that women often put themselves in others' shoes, while men are indifferent and unable to understand people. Women can multitask, men can only be single-minded. Women don't delay chatting with people when they do things, and men must concentrate when they talk with people.

Seventy percent of chronic pain is female.

If your girlfriend screams because she scratches her finger, don't laugh at her femininity. Because women have 34 nerve fibers per square centimeter of skin, while men only have 17. Therefore, women are more sensitive to pain than men, especially prone to migraine and chronic neck and shoulder diseases. About 70% of patients with chronic pain are women.

Women's brains age quickly, while men's wrinkles grow late.

After menopause, the aging of women's brains is more obvious than that of men, and they will enter Alzheimer's disease earlier than men with age. Except baldness, men generally age more slowly than women, especially skin, and wrinkles appear later than women.

Women have a good sense of smell and men have good eyesight.

In the sense of smell, women's perception ability is stronger than that of men, and they can distinguish tiny taste differences; Visually, men's night vision ability is better than women's, and they can better identify the direction, while women can better perceive the color. Male color blindness is more than female, mainly red and green color blindness.

It is best for men to have children after 30.

Male sperm quality reaches its peak at the age of 30, and then it can last for 5 years. Therefore, men give birth best at the age of 30-35. The best childbearing age for women is 24-29 years old. During this period, women's overall development has been fully mature, pelvic and muscle elasticity is good, egg cell quality is the highest, pregnancy complications are few, and delivery will be smoother.

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Men hate asking for directions.

Women make decisions faster than men; Men like to work in a hurry and take breaks, while women like to work at the same pace; The woman took out the key to open the door when she arrived at the door, and the man had already taken it out; Women will make a shopping list before going to the store, and men will only think of shopping when there is nothing in the refrigerator. If you get lost, women will stop to ask for directions, while men will wander around and run the wrong way.

Men often talk about results, while women love to talk about processes.

The biggest difference in communication between men and women is that men are used to talking about "results" first, grasping the key points quickly and solving them immediately; Women are used to emphasizing the "process", starting from the beginning and finally summing up the results and reasons of things. Therefore, when a wife complains to her husband, she might as well mention the key points first, and then share the process, so as to avoid the impatience of the other party because she can't grasp the key points of the problem; Husbands should also know that for wives, nagging is an emotional catharsis process. All you have to do is listen. Even if you are impatient, please don't interrupt her in a hurry to find a solution to the problem.