Common sense of composition

Color elements.

Color is the first key to grasp people's vision, and it is also the focus of an advertisement. A pair of personality colors can often catch consumers' eyes. By combining specific images and using different tones, color can make the audience have different physiological reactions and psychological associations, establish a three-dimensional product image, produce pleasant intimacy, and attract and promote consumers' desire to buy. Color does not exist in isolation. It must reflect the texture and characteristics of goods, beautify the layout of decorative advertisements, adapt to the environment, climate, appreciation habits and other aspects, take into account the visual changes of distance, size and size, make advertisements more aesthetic and become an important part of advertisements.

Generally speaking, graphic design colors are mainly based on enterprise standard colors, commodity image colors, seasonal symbol colors and popular colors. , and use the contrast of brightness, purity and hue to highlight the relationship between the image of the picture and the background color, highlight the contrast between the advertising picture and the surrounding environment, and enhance the visual effect of the advertisement. At the same time, the symbolic meaning must be considered in the use of color, so as to be more relevant to the theme. For example, red reflects a powerful color and can arouse muscle excitement.

Passionate and impulsive; Green with neutral characteristics. Peaceful colors tend to be natural beauty.

Quiet, energetic and tolerant. Can set off all kinds of colors and achieve harmony.

Give full consideration to the symbolic meaning of these colors and increase the connotation of advertisements. .

2. How to determine the composition of the sketch?

Establish the arrangement of composition, so that the objects on the screen are given appropriate priority, and the composition is balanced and diverse, avoiding the disadvantages of scattering, chaos, emptiness and blockage.

Shape and structure Draw the shape and structure of an object with a long straight line (the invisible part of the object should also be drawn softer), and the shape, proportion and structural relationship of the object should be accurate. Then draw the shape and position of each light and dark level (highlight, bright part, middle color, dark part, projection and intersection of light and dark).

By depicting the light and shade of the object (from the whole to the part, from the big to the small), the sense of volume of the object is gradually shaped in depth. The main and key details should be carefully described.

When the adjustment is completed, the relationship between the whole and the part will inevitably be ignored. At this time, it is necessary to comprehensively adjust (mainly referring to the physical structure including color, texture, space, primary and secondary, etc. ), so as to make a choice and highlight the main body.

The definition of sketch (extracted from He Kang Teachers Manual) Dessin-French-drawing-English-Chinese is called "sketch". Sketch is to describe the position of external objects in space on a given area or plane material (paper, cloth, etc.). ), and through this training, we can master the light and dark levels and basic images of objects.

Sketch conforms to the definition of sketch. Broadly speaking, sketch is a kind of sketch. .

3. Portrait camera composition knowledge composition method

1. Highlight people with simple backgrounds

The choice of background is very important when shooting portraits. If used properly, it can set off the atmosphere of the picture well, and the complex background can easily distract the viewer's attention. So try to choose a simple and harmonious background when shooting, so as to better highlight the subject. If shooting indoors, the wall or background cloth can be used first in the head-up angle, and the bed sheet or floor can be considered in the head-down angle. If shooting outdoors, you can consider blurring the background with a large aperture, or looking for beautiful building exterior walls and dense flowers, or looking up at the blue sky as the background, or looking down at the grass as the background. In short, as long as the background selection is based on the simple principle, you can always find the right shooting scene and angle.

2. Create a beautiful picture with an infectious background.

Simple background can make people stand out in the picture, but the picture lacks story and can't explain the environment of the characters in the picture well, so it is only suitable for taking portraits of * * *. If you want to make the picture more readable, you should choose the background according to the shooting intention or the characteristics of the subject. You can try to choose a beautiful scenery or content environment as the background to enrich and enrich the picture. This is especially important when shooting portraits with wide-angle lenses, so wide-angle lenses will be integrated into more picture environments, so the choice of background is more important. In addition, we should also pay attention to the reasonable arrangement of the position of the characters in the picture, in order to get photos with aesthetic feeling and outstanding characteristics of the characters.

3. Choose a large aperture to get a shallow depth of field.

As mentioned above, the larger the aperture (such as f/ 1.8, f/2.4), the smaller the aperture value and the shallower the depth of field. The smaller the aperture (such as f/ 18, f/22), the larger the aperture value and the greater the depth of field. If you want to get a photo with a shallow depth of field, you should first consider shooting with a large aperture. Large aperture plays a very important role in portrait photography, which can obtain the beautiful blur effect of shallow depth of field and help us to ensure higher shutter speed in the case of poor ambient light.

4. Get a shallow depth of field near the subject.

The easiest way to get a shallow depth of field and blur the background is to put the camera close to the model when the distance between the model and the background is constant, so that the effect of shallow depth of field can be easily obtained, the characters are more prominent and the background is naturally blurred. When shooting, it should be noted that the foreground cannot be a messy scene, because when the camera is close to the model, the foreground will be clearer in the picture.

5. Keep the background away from the subject to get a shallow depth of field.

The easiest way to get a shallow depth of field and blur the background is to put the camera close to the model when the distance between the model and the background is constant, so that the effect of shallow depth of field can be easily obtained, the characters are more prominent and the background is naturally blurred. When shooting, it should be noted that the foreground cannot be a messy scene, because when the camera is close to the model, the foreground will be clearer in the picture. Changing the distance between the model and the background is also one of the methods to obtain shallow depth of field. Arranging the model at a certain distance from the background (not necessarily close to the model) can also achieve a perfect shallow depth of field effect. Simply put, the farther away the model is from the background, the easier it is to form a shallow depth of field, thus obtaining a greater blur effect.

6. Three-point composition method to make characters become visual centers

Three-dimensional composition can be divided into horizontal three-dimensional composition and vertical three-dimensional composition. When shooting a portrait, the picture is divided into three equal parts horizontally and vertically. The torso of the person can be placed on each dividing line, and the face or eyes of the person can be placed on one of its four intersections, so that the person can be more clearly highlighted.

4. Common sense of portrait camera composition method

1. When people take portraits, it is very important to use simple background to highlight the choice of background. If used properly, it can set off the atmosphere of the picture well, and the complex background can easily distract the viewer's attention. So try to choose a simple and harmonious background when shooting, so as to better highlight the subject.

If shooting indoors, the wall or background cloth can be used first in the head-up angle, and the bed sheet or floor can be considered in the head-down angle. If shooting outdoors, you can consider blurring the background with a large aperture, or looking for beautiful building exterior walls and dense flowers, or looking up at the blue sky as the background, or looking down at the grass as the background.

In short, as long as the background selection is based on the simple principle, you can always find the right shooting scene and angle. 2. Create a beautiful picture with an infectious background. A simple background can make people stand out in the picture, but the picture lacks story and can't explain the environment of the characters in the picture well, so it is only suitable for taking portraits of * * *.

If you want to make the picture more readable, you should choose the background according to the shooting intention or the characteristics of the subject. You can try to choose the scenery or beautiful content environment as the background to enrich and enrich the picture. This is especially important when shooting portraits with wide-angle lenses, so wide-angle lenses will be integrated into more picture environments, so the choice of background is more important.

In addition, we should also pay attention to the reasonable arrangement of the position of the characters in the picture, in order to get photos with aesthetic feeling and outstanding characteristics of the characters. 3. Choose a large aperture to get a shallow depth of field. As mentioned above, the larger the aperture (such as f/ 1.8, f/2.4), the smaller the aperture value and the shallower the depth of field; The smaller the aperture (such as f/ 18, f/22), the larger the aperture value and the greater the depth of field.

If you want to get a photo with a shallow depth of field, you should first consider shooting with a large aperture. Large aperture plays a very important role in portrait photography, which can obtain the beautiful blur effect of shallow depth of field and help us to ensure higher shutter speed in the case of poor ambient light.

4. Get a shallow depth of field near the subject. The easiest way to get a shallow depth of field and blur the background is to put the camera close to the model when the distance between the model and the background is constant, so that the effect of shallow depth of field can be easily obtained, the characters are more prominent and the background is naturally blurred. When shooting, it should be noted that the foreground cannot be a messy scene, because when the camera is close to the model, the foreground will be clearer in the picture.

5. Keep the background away from the subject to get a shallow depth of field. In order to obtain shallow depth of field and blur the background, the simplest method is to put the camera close to the model under the condition that the distance between the model and the background is constant, so that the effect of shallow depth of field can be easily obtained, the characters are more prominent and the background is naturally blurred. When shooting, it should be noted that the foreground cannot be a messy scene, because when the camera is close to the model, the foreground will be clearer in the picture.

Changing the distance between the model and the background is also one of the methods to obtain shallow depth of field. Arranging the model at a certain distance from the background (not necessarily close to the model) can also achieve a perfect shallow depth of field effect. Simply put, the farther away the model is from the background, the easier it is to form a shallow depth of field, thus obtaining a greater blur effect.

6. Three-point composition method that makes people become the visual center Three-point composition can be divided into horizontal three-point composition and vertical three-point composition. When shooting a portrait, the picture is divided into three equal parts horizontally and vertically. The torso of the person can be placed on each dividing line, and the face or eyes of the person can be placed on one of its four intersections, so that the person can be more clearly highlighted.

5. What is the basis and content of composition and design?

The concept of composition composition is an integral part of painting art skills, a link in the creative process, and a form that combines all parts of a work into a whole.

The form of the composition should obey the content of the work and the author's inner feelings, and be decided according to the law of formal beauty of the composition. The concept and law of composition are closely related to aesthetic consciousness, artistic concept, theory and style.

Learning to master the principles and laws of composition can help artists choose life phenomena, use, organize and handle materials, and even achieve formal perfection, thus strengthening artistic appeal. However, it is difficult to create a viable artistic work only by relying on the rules of composition.

Therefore, the theory and law of composition is not a static procedure, it will be constantly denied in artistic practice and developed in change. The basic rules of composition, whether it is creation or practice, are people, scenery or still life. Generally speaking, the composition follows the following rules: 1. Everything in a work of art should be subordinate to the expression of the basic content of the work.

2. All formal factors in works of art should keep in touch. 3. The composition of the work should form a visual center to attract the audience's greatest attention.

4. The composition structure of a painting should be a whole with both changes and unity. It should make use of the contrast and harmonious law of modeling, light and shade, lines, colors and other factors, as well as the means of space processing, volume combination, rhythm and rhythm, so as to make the form of the work novel and vivid and have the strongest artistic expression. 5. The arrangement of screen objects and the handling of details should avoid all contingency and pay attention to the close connection with the theme performance.

6. Use the balance in composition to show stability and stillness; Use the imbalance of composition to express instability and movement. 7. The size of the work should match its content; The length-width ratio of a frame should obey the needs of composition.

Balance principle in composition Balance is the most basic principle in painting composition. Balance produces formal beauty through vision.

Balance is different from symmetry. Symmetry is the most stable and simple balance, and symmetry is a form of beauty, which is mainly used in decoration and patterns.

China's traditional buildings and monasteries all adopt symmetrical format. The physiological structure of human body and some beautiful insects is also symmetrical.

The law of symmetrical composition is also applied in painting, but it is not absolutely symmetrical in form. Symmetry presents a highly neat state, which has the effect of perfection, solemnity, harmony and stillness, but it also has the disadvantages of monotony and lack of interest.

In terms of light and dark tones, a little black can be balanced with a little light gray. When black and white are combined, the weight of black will be reduced.

In terms of color, a bright red can be balanced with a pink or warm yellow. Whether a work achieves a balanced effect can be divided into four parts.

It is easier to distinguish the top and bottom of the image field, or the left and right width, or the width of the two halves of the diagonal of the image. Experienced viewers can still find unbalanced and unstable factors from the overall observation of the picture, and there is no need to take the above methods to check.

In fact, the feeling and concept of lightness and lightness in the picture are produced by the complex combination of various factors in the picture. The law of contrast and unity in composition change and unity in composition can also be called contrast and harmony.

Because in painting, change is always pursued in comparison, and unity is achieved in harmony. If we ignore this composition rule and lose the effect of uniform change in the picture, the theme expressed will not be vivid, and it will be impossible to obtain the most perfect formal beauty.

There are many factors that change the contrast in the picture, including the change of viewpoint and visual field, the change of position repetition and change, and the contrast change of shape (such as square and round, thin and full and vigorous shape, etc.). ). Comparison between the size of characters and the size of space (the characters in the box are small, which makes the space large; Big body, small space).

Contrast change between light and shade. Contrast change of color (such as hue, lightness, purity, cold and warm, etc.). ).

Contrast changes of line attributes (horizontal and vertical lines, parallel lines, vertical parallel curves, diagonal lines, etc.). ). Contrast change of texture (such as rough surface and smooth surface).

And the use of brush strokes, color thickness and other comparative changes in the performance methods. Most of these factors are related to composition.

Contrast factors, how to achieve a unified and harmonious effect in composition processing? Taking the black-and-white print "The Fisherman" (Figure 5) by Romanian Dick Ffrench as an example, this paper makes a unified composition analysis in order to get a concrete understanding. The composition of this work is complex, full and rigorous.

There are many contrast factors in the picture-black and white blocks, vertical lines and parallel lines, straight lines and curves, long lines and short lines, vertical lines and parallel lines, diagonal lines; There are square doors and windows on the river bank. The formal factor of harmony in the picture-the upper part of the picture is mainly vertical, but there are also parallel factors; In the second half, there are parallel factors and vertical factors.

This cross-processing of the upper and lower contrast factors echoes and makes the contrast have a sense of harmony. The shape of a square with similar size is also an important factor to make the picture contrast harmonious.

In the part with high density of dots and lines, the spatial visual effect is gray middle tone, which makes the strong contrast between black and white tend to be soft and harmonious. The main body of the painting is a group of fishermen on board, which stands out when dealing with it on the bright river bank.

The irregular and changeable undulating lines and surfaces formed by characters are the contrast factors that unify the whole picture, thus highlighting the theme and forming the visual center of the picture. Harmony is an approximate relationship, while contrast is a difference relationship.

Contrast depends on the tendency and approximate relationship of various forms of factors in the picture to obtain a sense of harmony. Harmonious and unified composition must also have some factors to deal with some changes, so that the whole picture will not be monotonous, but dynamic.

Shape factors in composition-light and shade and lines 1. Light and shade is one of the important factors in composition and layout. Light and shade refers to various levels of light and shade between the deepest dark color and the lightest bright color.

Light and dark levels are not only used to express the physical structure of objects, but also to obtain the change and balance of the picture through the interlacing of light and dark tones in the picture composition, resulting in a sense of rhythm. It is generally believed that light and shade are the unique artistic language of western painting; .