Is the Summer Palace a semi-artificial lake?

Yes, this is a semi-artificial lake ... On September 20th, 2004, Zhong-yu Kui was sitting at home reading a newspaper as usual, and an article on China TV news about the design of the royal architecture in Qing Dynasty caught his attention. There is a precious passage in this article about the construction of the Summer Palace: The Summer Palace was built to celebrate the birthday of Cixi. The emperor ordered the words "happiness, wealth and longevity" to be embodied in the garden. Lei Tingchang, the seventh generation descendant of the Lei family, skillfully used his mind to complete the task given by the emperor. He designed an artificial lake and dug it into the shape of a longevity peach. People can't see the whole picture of it on the flat ground, but looking down from Wanshou Mountain, a "big birthday peach" appears in front of them. The island in the lake connected by the 17-hole bridge is designed as a turtle, and the 17-hole bridge is a turtle neck, which means longevity. As for the embodiment of the word "Fu", Lei Tingchang designed the buildings on both sides of the Buddha Hall in Wanshou Mountain into the shape of two wings of a bat, which looks like a bat as a whole. The bat is the same as the word "Fu", which means many blessings. After reading this passage, Kui Zhongyu immediately took out the color infrared remote sensing photos of the Summer Palace that he had collected for many years and began a comparative study. This photo was taken by China's recoverable remote sensing satellite at 1983. Zhongyu Kui is a researcher at China Academy of Surveying and Mapping. He can explain it in detail by comparing this remote sensing photo. From the photos, Kunming Lake really looks like a peach, and the "crooked mouth" of the "peach" leans to the southeast gate of the long river. Shoutaogan is a diversion canal outside the west palace gate in the northwest corner of the Summer Palace. The most amazing thing is that the long and narrow west dike that obliquely crosses the lake constitutes the ditch mark on the peach body. Wanshou Mountain near the north bank of Kunming Lake is outlined like a bat, flapping its wings to fly. The contour of the northern shore of Kunming Lake is obviously arched, and the part of the bow that extends into the lake forms the bat's head. The Paiyunmen cruise terminal, which protrudes from the center of the arc roof, looks like a bat's mouth. The promenade extending to the left and right is like a bat's open wings. A pair of seagulls and fish and algae pavilions in the east corridor, the water in the west corridor, put into the bat's two front paws, and Wanshou Mountain and Houhu Lake behind the mountain together constitute the bat's body. "This photo must be viewed backwards, because when designing this graphic at that time, Cixi could only see a rough outline of Shoutao when she boarded the Buddha Pavilion at the top of Wanshou Mountain. Because the line of sight is blocked by other buildings, when she stands on Wanshou Mountain, the bat pattern can only see the head and two claws, but can't see the overall shape of the bat. " Today, through remote sensing satellite photos, we can clearly see the hidden mysteries of ancient buildings. "In fact, this photo is hanging in the three doors of the Summer Palace, but no one ever wants to look at it upside down." Yu Zhongyu said. Are these ingenious serial designs intentional or just coincidental? This question aroused the interest of Kun Zhongyu ... Wanshou Mountain, formerly known as "Wengshan"; Kunming Lake, formerly known as "Wengshanpo", is also known as "West Lake". As early as Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, this beautiful place with mountains and water has become a royal garden. In the Ming dynasty, there was a "good mountain garden" here. According to historical records, on March 13th, 15th year of Qing Qianlong (1750 April 19), Emperor Qianlong decided to dig a lake to build a mountain in the former site of Shan Hao Garden to welcome his mother, the Queen Mother of Chongqing, to celebrate her 60th birthday in the second year and build Qingyi Garden. Qianlong renamed Wengshan Mountain as "Wanshou Mountain", built "yanshou temple" in front of the mountain to celebrate his mother's birthday, renamed Wengshan Park as "Kunming Lake", and used the story of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty digging "Kunming Pool" in Chang 'an to practice the water army and plan the Dianchi Lake. Unfortunately, Qingyi Garden and other "three mountains and five gardens" (Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden, Qingyi Garden in Wanshou Mountain, Jingming Garden in Yuquan Mountain and Jingyi Garden in Xiangshan) were set on fire by the British and French allied forces in 1860. In the 12th year of Guangxu (1886 July 1), on June 10th, Empress Dowager Cixi announced that the curtain would be removed in the first month of the following year, and Emperor Guangxu took power. Cixi took the opportunity to propose to rebuild Qingyi Garden as a place for her "retirement". Two years later, Emperor Guangxu named Qingyi Garden under reconstruction as "Summer Palace". He said: "I have been the successor of the Great Unification since I was a child, and I have admired Empress Dowager Cixi for more than ten years. I have more than 10,000 leisure time, and I can't support myself with any money ... "The old name of Qingyi Garden was changed to the Summer Palace. The word "Yihe" means "caring for heaven" to Cixi. At that time, the Summer Palace project was presided over by Lei Tingchang, the seventh generation descendant of the famous court designer "Style Lei" in Qing Dynasty. The promenade on the north bank of Kunming Lake was rebuilt. The main hall in the park was built on the pedestal of yanshou temple, the second-floor hut was rebuilt on the Zhou Shi, and the "Buddha Pavilion" was built on the pedestal of the burnt-out "Bafang Pavilion". From this point of view, clever design seems to have some truth. However, it is still too early to draw a conclusion whether the mystery of longevity peach bat is intentional by the ancients, and strong evidence must be found. The ancients had a strong sense of history and responsibility, and they would explain everything to later generations. So, are there any records in the inscriptions of the Summer Palace? After consulting relevant materials and field trips, Zhong Yu gave up the idea. Because so far, several inscriptions in the Summer Palace have not mentioned this matter. The only clue now is to find the descendants of the designer. Jia Lei's textual research: "Taoshan Shui Bo, immortal bats hold longevity" has a legend, and the direct evidence needs further research. In order to prove Kun Zhongyu's point of view, we must find the descendants of designer Lei Tingchang. Lei Tingchang's great-grandson, Mr. Lei Zhang Bao, is currently a physical education teacher in No.4 Middle School of Shijingshan Ancient City and a national badminton referee. He is engaged in a completely different job from this architectural family. When referring to this exquisite design of the Summer Palace, Lei also expressed great interest: "In the 1970s, when my father was alive, he told me this wonderful design story about the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is the overall design made by my great-grandfather Lei Tingchang. " He also told a family story that has been handed down to this day. According to legend, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, in order to celebrate the 60th birthday of his mother, Empress Dowager Cixi, the emperor requested to rebuild the garden and put it in the charge of Lei Tingchang. However, the emperor asked that the words "Fu, Lu and Shou" should be embodied in the garden. It is not so simple to design an effect diagram that satisfies the emperor. While he was worrying about the design appearance, an old man suddenly called. The hospitable Lei family invited the old man to stay for one night. When the old man left the next day, he took a peach out of his pocket and put it on the table. At this moment, suddenly a bat just landed next to Shoutao and flew up and down around the table. Such a casual move caused President Lei to think. LeiTingChang a clap forehead, back to the house spread out the drawings, write down the words "Taoshan Shui Bo, fairy bats hold longevity", and design Kunming Lake into the shape of a peach, and design Wanshou Mountain into the shape of a bat. Of course, this is just an interesting legend in a family, but the real textual research should be written records and real records on drawings. At present, the National Library Museum has collected more than 90% of the base maps and thermal samples designed by Jia Lei. As for whether these designs have documents and basemaps, it will take some time to investigate and verify before we can know for sure. But one thing is certain, Mr Zhang Bao's father, Lei, did dictate this exquisite design of the Summer Palace. In fact, it is a common practice in ancient garden construction to skillfully create a landscape system and set up pavilions to contain some auspicious meanings. For example, in the "Cui Jinyuan" of Gongwangfu Garden, there is a bat-shaped hall called "Fu Hall". There is also a bat-shaped pool in the garden called "Fuhe". In the Yuanmingyuan Ruins Park, in front of the "Fang Mao" Ruins in the West Building of Changchun Garden, there are still two peach-shaped pools made of stone. Although there is no direct evidence to prove that the Summer Palace is "floating mountains and guarding the sea", it is the charm of ancient people in architectural design. ■& lt； /& gt； Three-dimensional map of Beijing