Find out the sentences described and discussed in the fifth paragraph of Suzhou Gardens, and summarize the explanation methods in the fourth and fifth paragraphs.

Text discussion

First, the overall grasp

This paper first summarizes the characteristics of Suzhou gardens as a whole, and then expounds them from various aspects. Although the article didn't mention the names of any gardens or describe the specific scenery, the knowledge about Suzhou gardens gained by readers was comprehensive and clear. At the same time, readers have gained some ways to appreciate China gardens.

The characteristics of Suzhou gardens are: to ensure that no matter where tourists stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them. In other words, "everything must exist to form a perfect picture, and it can't hurt the failure of beauty." There are many famous gardens in Suzhou, such as Humble Administrator's Garden, Master of Nets Garden, Lingering Garden, Canglang Pavilion and Lion Forest. , which are the most prominent. In other words, as far as these gardens are concerned, their buildings, landscapes, flowers and trees are different and have their own characteristics. These famous gardens all have their own styles and vitality. It is not easy to generalize the similarities from these gardens with different faces and styles. The author skillfully focuses on the impression of Suzhou gardens from the perspective of tourists. "Difficult" is to find the same from the differences. China's garden art is interlinked with the art of poetry and painting, and China's gardens have always been regarded as picturesque. Therefore, the author's feelings as a tourist are accurate and appropriate, which also shows the author's profound artistic accomplishment. In addition, for the "map", we should also study it deeply to better understand the characteristics of Suzhou gardens. Generally speaking, the scenery depicted in the picture comes from nature and is higher than nature. The painter extracts, refines and concentrates the natural scenery, and then creates a more aesthetic picture without violating the natural principles. Based on this, we can understand that the beauty of Suzhou gardens is carefully arranged without destroying nature. "No matter where tourists stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them" and "always in front of them" emphasize that Suzhou garden is a perfect artistic whole.

The overall characteristics of Suzhou gardens are mainly reflected in the following four aspects:

(1) Pay attention to the layout of pavilions. The layout of pavilions "never pays attention to symmetry". The author compares the layout of Suzhou gardens with traditional buildings in China, and compares pattern painting with artistic painting, which shows that Suzhou gardens have the beauty of natural layout.

(2) Pay attention to the cooperation between rockery and pond. The piling of rockeries has a natural interest, which makes people forget that they are rockeries. Ponds and swamps "refer to running water" because running water is interesting. "Some gardens and ponds are spacious ... and bridges are often arranged", which is adapted to local conditions and confirms the previous statement that "designers and craftsmen are creative according to local conditions". More than two bridges are never the same. In fact, they are all about avoiding symmetry and paying attention to the interest of nature. Don't let go of details, such as the stone embankment "always bends up and down" and several stones or plants are arranged. These arrangements make the rockeries and ponds in Suzhou gardens look like nature, although they are artificial, which is exactly what the landscape in the garden pursues.

(3) Pay attention to the foil of flowers and trees. The foil of flowers and trees is also "focusing on painting". The author first introduces the good intentions of planting flowers and trees: we should pay attention to scattered trees and take care of seasonal changes. Then introduce the pruning skills of flowers and trees: take it naturally. Taking "Gu Teng" as an example, the comparison between "pine and cypress are like towers" and "roadside trees are like parades" shows that the planting and pruning of flowers and trees conform to the aesthetics of Chinese painting.

(4) Pay attention to the level of close-range perspective. The ingenious use of flower walls and corridors makes Suzhou gardens appear multi-level and depth of field. The scenery is not displayed in front of tourists in an unobstructed view, but one after another. Visitors can enjoy the fun of changing scenery and get deeper aesthetic enjoyment.

Finally, starting with the details of the garden, the author introduces the picturesque beauty of Suzhou gardens, that is, paying attention to the composition beauty of every corner of the garden, the pattern carving beauty of doors and windows, and the color beauty of buildings. This is a re-emphasis on the characteristics of Suzhou gardens.

Second, the problem research

In this paper, painting is mentioned many times, and painting is linked with landscape architecture, and landscape architecture is analyzed with the principle of painting, or the principle of painting is confirmed with landscape architecture, and several points are tried to explain briefly.

1. "Gardens are artistic paintings, and artistic paintings require natural interest and do not pay attention to symmetry."

2. "There are also some beautiful stones there ... this is also to achieve the effect of a painting from all angles."

3. "There are no pines and cypresses as neatly trimmed as pagodas ... it's not worth taking."

4. "Several gardens are full of Gu Teng, and the winding branches are a good painting."

5. "... Suzhou gardens pay attention to the beauty of every corner ... add some bamboo or bananas. "

"Painting" and "painting" in the above statement should refer to Chinese painting. The arguments in 1 and 3 sentences are all based on the aesthetics of Chinese painting, but the small scenes chosen by the author in 2, 4 and 5 sentences are familiar to us because they were very common in Chinese painting.

Practice note

1. What are the overall characteristics of Suzhou gardens? From what aspects does the article specifically explain this feature?

The purpose of setting topics is to guide students to grasp the structure of the article as a whole, understand the main content of the article, and realize that they should grasp the characteristics when explaining things.

The text summarizes the characteristics of Suzhou gardens from the perspective of tourists, that is, to ensure that no matter where tourists stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them. This article first explains this feature from four main aspects: the layout of pavilions, the coordination of rockery ponds, the setting off of flowers and trees, and the level of close view, and then explains it from three subtle aspects: the beauty of composition in every corner, the beauty of patterns in doors and windows, and the beauty of architectural colors.

Try to find the words added in the following sentences and answer the questions.

1. If you want to give an overall impression, I think Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China.

What does "specimen" mean here? )

2. The piling of rockeries can be said to be an art, not just a technology.

What is the difference between "art" and "technology"? )

3. But there are all kinds of hollow patterns made of bricks on the wall, and most of the sides of the corridor are borderless. In fact, it is separated but not separated, and the boundary does not exist, thus increasing the depth of the scene.

What do you mean by "not separated, but bounded"? Can you describe this situation in your own words? )

The purpose of setting the topic is to make students understand the rich words in the text but the author has not explained them in detail.

1. The "specimen" here refers to models and samples.

2. "Art" is an activity that emphasizes individual originality, and its achievements can give people aesthetic pleasure and cannot be copied; "Technology" means that there are fixed procedures and skills, and the results are practical things, which can generally be copied in large quantities.

3. "Separated but not separated, bounded but not bounded" means that although at first glance, the landscape is separated by the flower wall and the porch, but because the wall is hollow and there is nothing on both sides of the porch, the landscape is not really separated, just buffering the line of sight, so that the scenery is not presented to tourists in an unobstructed view, but unfolded one by one, making tourists feel psychologically that the landscape in the garden is complex and hierarchical.

Third, some explanatory methods are commonly used in explanatory texts, such as the following definitions, examples, comparisons, metaphors, classifications, charts, figures, quotations, etc. Look at the interpretation methods used in this article and "China Stone Arch Bridge", and talk about their functions with examples.

The purpose of setting the topic is to let students know the commonly used explanation methods in the explanatory text. It is not difficult to understand how to use these explanations and their functions. In the process of looking for specific examples, students can gain some perceptual knowledge, and teachers don't have to explain too much.

The interpretation methods adopted in this paper and Chinese stone arch bridges are as follows:

For example:

(1) There are stone arch bridges almost everywhere in China ... The most famous ones are Zhao Zhouqiao in Zhao County, Hebei Province and Lugou Bridge in Fengtai District, Beijing.

(2) There are many innovations in building technology, and there are more unexpected methods for hoisting. Such as the Jiangdong Bridge in Zhangzhou, Fujian. ...

First introduce a phenomenon or explain a truth, and then use specific examples to illustrate it. This is a bit comprehensive, which not only increases the credibility of the article, but also makes the article flesh and blood.

For comparison:

(1) Most buildings in China, from ancient palaces to modern houses, are symmetrical, no matter what happens on the left, so is the right. Suzhou gardens are by no means symmetrical.

(2) Unlike Beijing gardens, Suzhou gardens rarely use paintings.

By comparison, it is easy to highlight the characteristics of the explained object.

For example:

(1) The bridge opening of the stone arch bridge is curved, just like a rainbow.

(2) bridge opening is not an ordinary semicircle, but like a bow.

Metaphor can make the image of the explained object tangible.

Column number:

(1) Zhao Zhouqiao is very magnificent, with a total length of 50.82 meters and a width of 9.6 meters at both ends, slightly narrower in the middle and 9 meters wide.

(2) (Lugou Bridge) The bridge is 265 meters long and consists of 1 1 semicircle stone arches, and the length of each semicircle stone arch varies from 16 meters to 2 1.6 meters.

By using the column number method, readers can accurately understand the description object through the determined numbers. The accuracy of numbers is an important aspect of the accuracy of explanatory language.

Quote:

(1) In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang said that looking at this bridge from a distance, such as "the moon rises at the beginning of the cloud, and Changhong drinks a stream".

(2) at that time, an Italian Kyle Poirot came to China. In his travels, he spoke highly of the bridge, saying it was "unique in the world" ...

Quoting other people's words or related information can enhance the persuasiveness of the article.

Choose one of the following two questions.

1. What methods have you learned from the text to appreciate China gardens?

Write an article about a garden you visited, about 200 words.

The purpose of setting the topic is to let students use some knowledge gained from the text to appreciate the garden, improve the level of garden appreciation, and initially practice writing explanatory articles.

1. Because as the article says, "Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China", the knowledge gained from this article about appreciating gardens can be transferred and utilized. Generally speaking, the way students can understand is to pay attention to whether the layout of all aspects in the park is appropriate and whether the placement of specific scenery is natural and reasonable.

2. You can also introduce villages, streets or communities. , and pay attention to grasp the characteristics of writing, appropriate use of some interpretation methods.

Teaching suggestion

First, in teaching, we can provide students with some pictures of Suzhou gardens or audio-visual materials, and we can also prepare some pictures of other local gardens for comparison, such as "ancient palaces" in China, "pine and cypress trees trimmed like towers", "street trees in military parade" and painted gardens in Beijing, so as to help students increase their perceptual knowledge.

Secondly, in order to help students deepen their understanding of the article and gain more comprehensive knowledge about the art of landscape architecture, please refer to Chen Congzhou's article "Enjoying Gardens" in the third volume of the self-study textbook. Chen Congzhou is a famous landscape expert. The principles of landscape, gallery, cloud wall and tree in landscape architecture are thoroughly explained in Garden Day, which can help to understand this article.

Thirdly, this paper first summarizes the characteristics of Suzhou gardens, and then expounds them from various aspects. The combination of general statement and sub-statement not only highlights the characteristics of the things explained, but also makes the structure of the article clear enough for reference. After class, you can combine the fourth question and have an oral composition or small composition training.

related data

First of all, if I teach Suzhou Garden (Ye Zhishan)

The fourth volume of junior high school Chinese textbook chooses an article by my father-Suzhou Garden.

If I were a Chinese teacher, before teaching my classmates to learn this article, I would like to explain to them that this is a preface-a preface written for an album. This photo album is called Suzhou Garden.

1979 At the beginning of this year, a publishing house in Hong Kong planned to publish an album introducing Suzhou gardens, and asked his father to write a preface. To write the preface of a book, we should first read the contents of the book and of course write the preface of an album. However, the publishing house hasn't sorted out the photo collection yet, saying that the photos collected are not satisfactory and are ready to be retaken. How to write a preface without seeing the content? Fortunately, my father grew up in Suzhou and is familiar with several famous gardens. Also, there is a Suzhou Garden edited by Professor Chen Congzhou on his bookshelf, which was published by Tongji University more than 20 years ago. Although it is an academic work, it is attached with 195 beautiful photos for reference. With these two conditions, writing a preface is not nonsense. When my father wrote this preface, he started with Professor Chen's Suzhou Garden, saying that the photos in this book reminded him of his childhood. Moreover, in the last paragraph, it is explained that this article is the preface to the forthcoming Suzhou Garden.

After the preface was written, it was handed over to the publishing house in Hong Kong. For some reason, this new Suzhou Garden has not been published. The editorial department of Encyclopedia Knowledge magazine knew that my father had such an article and asked them to publish it first, so it was published in the fourth issue of Encyclopedia Knowledge, 1979. The title was a sentence in the poem "Song of the Fairy Cave" given by my father to Professor Chen Congzhou. The last few sentences were deleted when they were published, which was agreed by my father. But with such a deletion, readers will not understand that this is a preface written for an album. Later, People's Education Publishing House compiled it into a Chinese textbook and deleted the first paragraph of this article, which was also agreed by my father. In the first paragraph, the sentence "I am deeply worried about my poor government" was deleted, so the title had to be changed to Suzhou Garden. The editor took notes, explaining the source and original title of this article, but unfortunately didn't say it was the preface of an album. If it is explained, it will be much more practical for the Chinese teacher to understand my father's purpose in writing this article.

I know this passage, so if I am a Chinese teacher, before teaching this text, I must tell my classmates that this is a preface written for an album. Next, I want to explain to the students why a book should be orderly. The preface was written by the author of this book and others. Most of what the author wrote himself explains why and how he wrote this book. Most of what others wrote introduced the contents of this book, or added some comments, and some also introduced the author to readers. When I say "most", I don't mean all. But whatever the preface is, it is helpful to understand this book. Since my father's Suzhou Garden is the preface of an album, is it helpful for readers to appreciate this album? When arranging the preview, I put forward this question for the students to think and discuss. I should take out my photo album and offer it to my classmates for comparison. The one in Hongkong hasn't been published yet, so I can take the one hidden by my father Professor Chen Congzhou instead. There is another way, that is, look for photos of Suzhou gardens from various pictorial newspapers and find the one that best fits the article. Of course, the more the better. At present, there are many photos of Suzhou gardens in various pictorial newspapers, so it is not difficult to collect them.

After such a preview, the students don't need me to say anything more. I just need to ask, "Do you think the scenery in the pictures is more interesting after reading the article and these pictures?" It is predictable that students must say "yes" in unison. This answer is not enough. I would like to ask the students to talk about why they feel this way. The students' answers are definitely different, some from articles to photos, and some from photos to articles. I just need to give some random instructions. When necessary, I can take out some pictures for students to compare, such as symmetrical palace buildings, street trees in western gardens, palace gardens in Beijing and so on. The purpose of this comparison is to help students distinguish similarities and differences, and there is no meaning of praise or criticism. Various architectural designs and garden layouts have their own merits, and the article does not say that Suzhou is the only garden in the world. After such discussion, students' ability to appreciate plastic arts will certainly be improved. The improvement of artistic appreciation ability is a matter of self-cultivation. No trace, no end. What is needed is constant training. I should understand this truth and put it into my teaching work, but I don't have to explain it to my classmates.

If my classmates ask me, "What can I learn from the writing skills of this article?" I told them: if we introduce anything, we must grasp its characteristics. This article is written by grasping the photography collection Suzhou Gardens. In fact, it is grasping the characteristics of Suzhou Gardens: the first paragraph talks about the status of Suzhou Gardens in China Gardens Art, the second paragraph talks about the ingenuity of Suzhou Gardens, the following four paragraphs talk about major events that are easily noticed, the following two paragraphs talk about minor things that are easily overlooked, and the ninth paragraph talks about Suzhou Gardens and Beijing Palace Gardens. The structure of the article is very ordinary, and there is no "skill", but this structure is easy to accept.

One thing can be said: the original title of this article is "I am deeply concerned about the poor government", which is indicated in the textbook. "Send" means "trust", "as soon as possible" means "attachment" and "deep nostalgia". I would like to ask the students to say whether they have experienced this kind of "deep nostalgia" after reading this text. If they answer that they are aware of it, I will ask further: "There is not an emotional word in the article. Where did you experience this feeling? " I can talk about this problem as deeply as possible, and I don't force them.

Now I want to tell my classmates: when reading a book, you must read the preface, if the book is orderly. It is best to read it twice: read it before reading the text, so that you can know what to pay attention to when reading the text and how to understand it; After reading the text and reading it again, you can recall the content of the text, deepen your memory and understanding, and judge whether the preface says more or less about the book. If the homework is assigned, I will ask my classmates to find an extracurricular reading book they have read, reread its preface, use examples to talk about the benefits of the preface, write it down or hold a discussion meeting.

Many teachers in China often use this method: after teaching a text, ask students to write an exercise based on it. I think this method is not very good, because some texts, both in content and form, are not suitable for students to copy. It is possible to copy this Suzhou garden, but we should pay attention to proceeding from reality. I think no matter where students live, there are always one or two places worth visiting in their hometown. I will choose a place where my classmates often go as a topic and let them have a meeting. Let's talk about the characteristics of this place. If you introduce someone who has never been there, what do you have to say, what can you say or not? How to make it clear, how to impress people ... After the discussion, you can write an article collectively or everyone can write an article. If the students are too burdened, they don't need to write, because they have already discussed it and they have received a training.

But I am not a Chinese teacher and have no practical experience. I'm not sure whether my idea is feasible. I'm afraid it's just an armchair strategist

Second, Pay Equal Attention to Taste and Creativity —— Reading Suzhou Gardens (Qin and Pu)

Suzhou gardens are famous all over the country and the world. 2400 years ago, the official tile palace of Fucha Tea was the first garden in Suzhou. The existing gardens have a long history of nearly four or five hundred years and thousands of years. How many gardens are there in Suzhou? There are no exact statistics. There are nearly 200 existing gardens. No wonder people call Suzhou a "garden city". Suzhou is located in the south of the Yangtze River, with beautiful lakes and mountains. Here, there are many scholars and craftsmen handed down from generation to generation. Landscape designers and craftsmen generalize and refine the beautiful scenery of nature according to their artistic interests and beautiful ideals, creating poetic gardens and making them outstanding works of art.

Articles introducing Suzhou gardens have always been written from the perspective of architecture, garden history or tour guides, each with its own merits. Ye Shengtao's Suzhou Gardens gives a comprehensive and profound introduction to Suzhou Gardens with concise language and rigorous structure, and grasps the artistic characteristics of Suzhou Gardens from the perspective of the appreciator.

Ye Lao once said: "It is the most important thing to read an article and find out the author's thoughts. Only by understanding according to the author's thinking can we understand it thoroughly. " ("Review and Revision of Two Reports", page 33) This is the way of the two masters. Looking at his article, we can naturally start with grasping the train of thought. The idea of this paper is very clear. Firstly, explain the reasons for writing, point out the general characteristics of Suzhou gardens, and then classify them according to the constituent elements of gardens. Finally, introduce a aftermath, which makes people feel memorable.

The full text (1 1) can be divided into three parts:

The first part (1 section) is the introduction, which explains the writing motivation. (This part has been deleted from the textbook)

The article begins with Professor Chen Congzhou's Suzhou Garden, which is natural and cordial. There are many photos in this book, and Ye Lao often looks through them in his spare time, which of course brings "pleasant enjoyment" again and again, reminding him of his childhood.

Ye Lao is a native of Suzhou, born in 1894. He lived in Suzhou until he was 22 years old. "When I was a child, I often played with my window friends. I found traces of Ye Shengtao's" Song of the Cave Fairy "on the pavilion side of Shanjinglou. See "I am deeply concerned about gardens-talking about Suzhou gardens". " He expressed his deep feelings for Suzhou gardens. He and his classmates Gu Jiegang and Wang are good friends. They often play and enjoy gardens after school, so they have a deep understanding of the tastes and characteristics of Suzhou gardens. Although they are old (75 years old when writing this article) and have lived in Beijing for a long time, they have never forgotten the gardens in their hometown. Professor Chen Congzhou's atlas Rare for Many Years is a kind of sustenance.

Judging from the writing of Professor Chen Congzhou's Suzhou Garden, on the surface, it seems that the pen is too far away, but in fact, it is very close to the center of the article. This atlas not only made the author have writing requirements, but for a long time, he often used these pictures to recall and think about Suzhou gardens, thus deepening his understanding of the characteristics of Suzhou gardens.

The second part (section 2 to 10) is the main body, focusing on the characteristics of Suzhou gardens. The author first puts forward a general point of view, and then introduces it by classification.

The first layer, including the second and third sections, talks about the general principles of Suzhou garden design from the overall impression of China gardens. Let's start with the general impression: "Suzhou Gardens are specimens of gardens in China." This is the author's experience of visiting more than ten gardens in Suzhou, and it is also the result of comparison with other gardens. The word "specimen" accurately states the position and influence of Suzhou gardens in China garden art, and points out the importance of appreciating Suzhou gardens. Predecessors have long said that "Jiangnan gardens are the best in the world, and Suzhou gardens are the first in Jiangnan". This can be confirmed by the impression of Elymus.

Explanatory texts often make the characteristics of things clear in concise language. There are many gardens with different styles in Suzhou, such as Canglang Pavilion, Lion Forest, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden, which respectively represent the different garden styles of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is not easy to summarize their characteristics. Ye Lao has a high artistic accomplishment and has long-term appreciation and research on Suzhou gardens, so it is not difficult to sum up their characteristics. He believes that Suzhou gardens, large and small, "seem to be pursued by designers and craftsmen alike: to ensure that no matter where tourists stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of them." In order to highlight this point, the author gave a general explanation with the words "Attention ……", then concluded with the sentence "Everything must exist to form a perfect picture, and it can't damage the failure of beauty", and finally proved his point of view is correct with the reaction of tourists.

Second floor, from section 4 to section 10. This paper expounds the characteristics of Suzhou gardens from the aspects of layout, landscape treatment, flowers and trees, and even the colors of walls, corridors, doors and windows. It is obviously not enough to explain such complicated things as gardens in general, but also to explain them in categories. Classified description can make readers understand the explained things and reasons more thoroughly and concretely. Let's choose a few plates to talk about.

The fifth section introduces rockeries and ponds. Suzhou gardens are inseparable from mountains and water. The treatment of these two kinds of scenery can best reflect the characteristics of Suzhou gardens. The author focuses on them.

Let's talk about rockery first. The idea of overlapping mountains in Suzhou gardens is very clever, "making tourists look at the meticulous paintings of Song and Yuan Dynasties or Ni Yunlin's sketches from a distance, forgetting that they are in Suzhou city when climbing or watching rockeries, and only feeling that they are in the mountains". The scenery of the lion forest is dominated by mountains, all piled up with Taihu stones, some majestic, some thin and beautiful, embedded in the air exquisitely, hovering and winding. There are several hills piled up in Canglang Pavilion, which are ups and downs and extremely euphemistic. Ye Lao summed up these various rockeries with "mountains and mountains", which is by no means flattering. Tan Wei wrote in the scene of Lion Forest in the Yuan Dynasty: "Flowers fall in the west of the house, and cypress smoke and taro are red. Human nature lives in the city, and I suspect that I am in the mountains. " This can be used as evidence of Ye Lao's statement. Plant a few bamboo trees on several hills. In spring, all the trees are lush and green, which looks rocky. In late autumn, when all the trees are depressed, it will become a cold mountain. The author points out that these artistic creations are the result of "many experiences in one's life" of designers and craftsmen, which is very profound.

Secondly, talk about the pond. There is much water in the south of the Yangtze River, which adds color to the garden. The spacious pool and the mirror-like Ming Che are important factors for the beautiful scenery of the garden. The author points out that the water in Suzhou pond is "mostly living water" and full of vitality. The water in each garden has different conditions, full of artistic talent and creative ability, and according to the characteristics of the pond, it constitutes a moving picture. One is "the pond is the center of the whole garden, and other scenery is arranged in harmony", and Master Wang Garden is a typical one. Its garden is small, but the pavilions around the pond are particularly interesting and attract many tourists. One is that water is like a river, such as Humble Administrator's Garden. Along the longitudinal pool surface, several buildings are dotted with smart bridges and flowing water, and there are some lakes and stones, or scattered flowers and trees are planted, just like the water town in the south of the Yangtze River. If you walk along the pool, "it looks like a painting from all angles." Lotus and goldfish are often planted in the pond, which is "another landscape". There are the most varieties of lotus in Humble Administrator's Garden. In summer, when the wind blows, the fragrance is far clear, which is simply a lotus world. Lotus in Yiyuan Garden has a unique flavor. "Only a few days ago, the stone springs were thin, and the water cheese was like a wheel. When the stone building rains a foot of peach blossoms, there must be red fish jumping green duckweed. " (Li Hongyi's "Yiyuan Garden") This poem vividly depicts a "lotus leaf picture of a fish play".

Section 7, write about the flower wall and porch. These two things seem to be accessories, but they can also reflect the characteristics of Suzhou gardens. Flower walls and porches make the whole garden quiet, melodious, cheerful, on-off and on-off, interspersed with each other, increasing the level and depth of the landscape. Therefore, the author said: "There are walls and corridors. The more levels, the deeper the scenery." There are many cloisters in the Lingering Garden, which are more than 700 meters long. There is no place to lean on on either side, and there are all kinds of hollowed-out patterns on the floor (called leaky windows, also called window grilles). The beauty lies in "never leaving, never ending", which makes tourists feel overwhelmed by twists and turns, and sometimes there is a feeling that "there is no road to doubt, and there is another village in the dark." Canglang Pavilion uses a corridor to connect the water outside the wall with the water inside the wall, which is a good example of borrowing scenery.

The leaky window in Suzhou itself is a pattern painting, and there are more than 100 kinds of leaky windows in Canglangting Corridor. And browsing the looming beauty through the leaking window is really like an excellent landscape painting, which makes people feel endless.

The purpose of adding flower walls, porches and leaky windows in the garden is to increase the viewing points, and strive to create more beautiful artistic conception from the limited space, so that viewers can feel the beauty.

The eighth section explains that "Suzhou gardens pay attention to the beauty of every corner". As a whole, Suzhou gardens are dense and alternate, with clear priorities, forming a complete artistic whole; As far as each part is concerned, it is also specially decorated, and it is difficult to find flaws. Taking books and grass beside the steps, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, roses and woody plants on the walls, and bamboo poles or plantains under the walls as examples, the author shows that the scenery can be arranged in a small range, which makes people appreciate it beautifully.

10 explains that the color of the building is also an important factor in the formation of aesthetic feeling. Beams, wooden windows and railings are dark red, walls are white, square tiles are light gray, roof tiles and eaves are light gray, and the surrounding vegetation is green. These colors are very harmonious and unified, thus giving people a feeling of "tranquility and leisure". At the flowering stage, flowers set each other off and become interesting, making the flowers more "bright and beautiful".

The third part is the end of the article. Explain that after his illness, he was "mentally and physically weak, so he didn't write much." Ye Lao's articles have always been rigorous and meticulous. Although this article was written after illness, it is still well conceived, meticulous and meticulous. As for "more can be said than written above", the article leaves room for continuous thinking and thinking, and I also want to go to Suzhou Garden to enjoy the beautiful scenery in person.

(See Text Analysis Collection, Junior Middle School Volume III, Guangdong Education Press, 1984).

Three, "Suzhou Garden" teaching points (Liu)

This article is an expository article about landscape architecture. This paper highly summarizes the achievements of Suzhou garden architecture, introduces the layout of garden architecture in detail, and analyzes the principles of garden architecture, which is full of love and interest. Choosing and reading such works can not only make students understand the achievements of China's landscape architecture and inspire their thoughts and feelings of loving the motherland, but also enrich their knowledge of landscape architecture art and receive a vivid aesthetic education.

In teaching this article, we should grasp the following two key points:

(a) to guide students to learn the author carefully observe, accurately grasp the characteristics of the garden, organize materials according to the internal order of the garden building, and clarify things at different levels.

The key to success in writing expository articles lies in accurately grasping the characteristics of objective things themselves. Suzhou Gardens introduced in this paper are the most famous garden buildings in China, with more than 100 gardens and more than a dozen famous gardens. These gardens concentrate the wisdom of designers and craftsmen, and are ingenious, competitive and artistic. If you want to introduce Suzhou gardens in detail in a short article, you must carefully observe and grasp their similarities and differences from simplicity to complexity.

The author Ye Shengtao was born in Suzhou. "When I was a child, I always wanted to play with my window friends and traveled all over the pavilion of the mountain path." He is very familiar with Suzhou gardens and has deep research. He compared and analyzed all the gardens, found out their similarities and differences through their unique layout, and expounded them in concise, concise and plain language. ?