Information about the source of artistic works

Fountain is an oil painting on canvas, which was painted by Jean-August Dominique Angel, an outstanding neoclassical artist, in 1856. 163× 80 cm (164× 82 cm) collected by the Louvre Museum is one of the outstanding works describing the female body in the history of western European art.

The fountain was brewing during Angel's stay in Florence, Italy from 65438 to 0830, but it was never completed. Angel's original idea of "spring" is to imitate the wishes of Italian masters when painting Venus. He drew some sketches as early as 1807, and later he was not satisfied with the "Venus" style painted by his predecessors in an attempt to make the image simpler. Twenty-six years later, at the age of 76, he finished the painting. It is said that an assistant helped him draw it. If someone thinks that this painting was originally completed with the help of two of his students, Paul Balcer and Alexander Degove. Angel has been working hard for nude sketch all his life, and his realistic insight will only show up when he faces nude models. Fountain (1856) is one of Angel's most famous paintings. In order to create this work, Angel has been brewing for 36 years. Through the image of a naked woman holding a pot and pouring water, it shows the classical beauty pursued by the painter all his life. The touching thing about this work is that it shows the innocence of girls in a unique way and creates a quiet, elegant and lyrical artistic conception on the screen. In fact, the posture of the girl's upper limbs in the painting does not conform to the dynamic law of the human body. In order to make the girl's movements look more beautiful, Angel made up such an impossible movement for her. This painting is magical to water. The spring water gushing from the water bottle is the most dynamic factor in the quiet picture. However, after the artist's ingenious treatment, the flowing clear spring not only did not break the sense of tranquility of the picture, but also added the flowing rhythm to it.

Edit the content and characteristics of this paragraph.

"Spring" is about a young naked woman holding a pot to let the water pour out, which shows the beauty of tranquility, lyricism and purity that can be universally praised by human beings. Spring skillfully combines classical beauty with women's physical beauty. Girls' muscles are more attractive because of Angel's beautiful and gentle curves, and the use of colors is very soft and changeable. A critic visited the fountain and said, "This young girl is the product of the artist's declining art, and her beauty has surpassed all women. She has condensed her beauty, and her image is more energetic and ideal. "

Edit the background and ideas of this paragraph.

Angel devoted himself to nude sketch all his life, and only when he faced nude models would his realistic views stand out. He once said: "standard beauty-this is the product of constant observation of beautiful models", and also believed that: "the expressive force of a painting depends on the author's rich sketch knowledge; There can be no vivid performance except absolute accuracy. Grasping the approximate accuracy is equivalent to losing the accuracy. In that case, it is tantamount to creating a fictional character and hypocritical feelings. They have no feelings at all. " The last romantic painter of classical painting absorbed the realistic skills of Renaissance predecessors and masters, and gave full play to his sketching skills. What's different here is that the naked women of Ma Saqiao, Michelangelo, George and other masters embody an ideal of the times full of humanity, while Angel's ideal pinned on naked women is an abstract concept of "eternal beauty". In fact, it is to seek the expressive force of female beauty in the harmony of lines, shapes and colors. This is particularly evident in his nude paintings depicting Turkish ladies-in-waiting. In his later years, Angel painted this painting "Spring", which further embodied the painter's brand-new concept of beauty, that is, he deeply felt the necessity of creating an abstract model of classical beauty by means of fine modeling. 76-year-old Angel finally found the perfect combination of the abstract classical beauty accumulated in her heart for a long time and the girlish beauty in concrete reality in this "spring". Anger is often copying the same theme or idea, sometimes it takes years or even decades. For example, two of his paintings, Luo Zhe and Angelica, were made by 184 1. There are five copies of Paul and Piero Della Francesca. The earliest one was made in 18 19, and the rest were made after 1856. Sometimes, in this painting, he appeared individual characters who had appeared in another painting, such as the image in the Bathing Girl of Valpinsson, and appeared in the later painting Hammam; The Virgin Mary in the Eucharist was moved from another painting, Louis XIII's Oath. In this painting, an angel's face is almost the same as the naked girl in his Haman. This painting "Spring" (1856, now in the Louvre) is basically similar to "Venus in Anaheim" (1848, now in the Gonder Art Museum in Chantilly, France, which depicts a goddess born from a seawater bubble, so it depicts Venus rising from the seawater bubble and surrounded by many little love god), but it is slightly different. In addition, the image of a group of little angels around was deleted. Some people used to think that this creative feature was a manifestation of the exhaustion of angry creative thoughts, which was too arbitrary. Of course, apart from painting models, classical painters rarely go to real life, but Angel himself explained that this is a manifestation of the spirit of seeking to make the theme closer to his ideal and the image more perfect.

Edit the attribution of this famous painting

When Spring was finished, the painter said to people, "There are five buyers at the same time, and someone just jumped on me. They argued endlessly, and I almost let them draw lots. " "Spring" does have the quality of "pure beauty" that people yearn for. Although it is the ideal embodiment of the artist's mind for half a century, once it is put on the canvas, people will really admire the artist's work. 1857, the spring water was acquired by Count Dmitry (also translated as Count Shatri) and became a private collection of paintings. Later, according to the earl's will, his home belonged to 1878, and this painting was given to the country and became another treasure of the Louvre in Paris.

Edit this work of art

French artist marcel duchamp's work Fountain is actually a ceramic urinal, and this urinal was not made by Duchamp himself, but just bought from a shop, marked with "R Mutt" and named Fountain. Duchamp himself explained this work as follows: "It doesn't matter who made this thing, the key is to choose the ordinary thing in this life, put it in a new place, give it a new name and a new perspective, its original function has disappeared, but it has gained new content." 19 17, Duchamp named a urinal for men bought from a store as "Spring", and anonymously sent it to an exhibition of an independent artist in the United States as a work of art, which aroused strong repercussions and became a milestone in the history of modern art. Duchamp named the urinal as "Spring" not only because of its dripping appearance, but also because of the artist's painting of spring. In 2004, in a selection held by the British art circle, Spring beat the modern artist Picasso's Girl in avignon and the pop artist andy warhol's Golden Marilyn, and was elected as the most influential work of modern art. In this selection, 64% of the judges voted for Duchamp's Spring, while the second-ranked Picasso's famous painting Girl in avignon only got 40%. The Girl in avignon is regarded as the pioneering work of cubism, and once regarded as the first great masterpiece of modern art by the art world.

The significance of editing this section of Spring

Duchamp's Fountain is intended to question people's ideas about what art is: there are few things that make people think about what art is or how it is expressed; They just assume that art is either painting or sculpture. Therefore, few people will regard spring as a work of art. "Will this urinal be a work of art?" In the process of urinal becoming a work of art, the name change is so important. It is the change of this name that has become unusual and changed the way people look at objects. The urinal, different from the elegant hall, is also an elegant art.