Film and Television Directors: Dialogue Writing Skills

Film and Television Directors: Dialogue Writing Skills

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Writing dialogue is a headache for writers, and even the most experienced writers can't guarantee to write well. Bad dialogue is often one of the important reasons why the script is stifled, because dialogue is the most straightforward stimulus to readers and audiences-every sentence from the actor's mouth is known as boring.

Film and Television Directors: Dialogue Writing Skills

1, which defines the style of the character.

One of the criteria to test the quality of dialogue is whether you can tell who said it if you cover up the names of the characters. If you can, it means that you have found a unique speaking style suitable for the role. In the script, the rhythm of the characters' speech, the world outlook and their background stories reflected by the content of the speech should be reflected in the dialogue of the characters. Does your character like to interrupt others when he is talking? Are they chat terminators? Are these people extroverted or introverted? What is their social status? They always like to fight for the right to speak? Or do you tend to obey others? Know your role better, and they will talk to you themselves.

2. Clever arrangement of explanatory dialogue

When the dialogue has the function of explanation and explanation, it should be squeezed into the audience bit by bit like eye drops, instead of telling the whole story. Use dialogue to cause reversal or humorous effect, so be careful not to expose the truth prematurely. In the movie butch cassidy and the sundance kid, two outlaws were chased by the police and villagers to the edge of a cliff. Butch suggested that they jump into the river to escape. At this life-threatening critical moment, Butch learned from his partner that he could not swim. Explanatory dialogue needs to be slowly paved and brewed in the early stage.

3, fully understand your characters.

Before you start writing dialogues with characters, you must really understand them, so you can write a background story for them first. Laios and Egri put forward a good template for the construction of character background in the book The Art of Movie Scripts, which mainly covers three main aspects of characters-psychological level, physiological level and social level.

4. Introduce dialects according to the needs of the plot.

Considering the regional problem of the story, if the plot needs it, dialects can be quoted appropriately in the role dialogue. The film "The Child and the Eagle" directed by ken loach is adapted from Barry Hynes' novel, and all the dialogues in the novel are written in South Yorkshire dialect. During the adaptation of the script, these dialects were changed into Mandarin. Finally, when local Yorkshire actors were invited to perform, the written dialogue was changed to the dialect that best matched the theme of the film.

5. Use voice-over carefully

Telling a story with a voice-over is a terrible thing. If narration is used to tell the story, what's the point of scriptwriting? However, there are still many excellent films with voice-over, such as Apocalypse Now, blade runner, American Beauty and so on. Voice-over is very instructive. If the owner of the voiceover is an unreliable narrator, you can make full use of this to mislead the audience and create suspense, because people are more inclined to listen to the content of the voiceover.

6. Learn to pave the way with dialogue

In addition to using vision to predict or mislead what will happen next, plot development can also use dialogue to complete this process.

7. Don't write rubber duck monologues.

Sydney Lu once said in Making a Movie, don't write rubber duck dialogue.

Rubber duck dialogue is a monologue, in which the characters will directly explain to the audience how they became what they are because of past trauma. However, in real life, people usually unconsciously realize the reasons and experiences that affect their growth trajectory.

8. Make your character joke

Your character must be able to joke. To some extent, it certainly depends on the type of story. Action movies rarely have time to dig characters, but drama movies are different. At the beginning of the film, the screenwriter wants to win the sympathy of the audience as much as possible for the role, because you have to let the audience have the initiative to understand the role. Letting the characters tell jokes is a good way to attract the audience into the plot. In this joke, you can start to pave the way for the theme or specific information of the story. In the movie Alien, the audience can learn some dynamic relationships between the characters by laughing and cursing, such as Brett and Parker's antipathy to ripley; Kane's laziness (which got him into some trouble later).

Another function of making characters joke is to create suspense. One rule of drama writing is: make them laugh, make them cry and make them wait. In a word, playful dialogue can help us like and understand the characters and create tension when necessary. In comedy, banter dialogue will be the focus of the whole story.

9. It is better to write more than less.

Many people often write a lot of dialogues in the first draft, but when the final draft is completed or filming begins, the dialogues will be greatly deleted. When writing a script, we usually write a lot of dialogues, because at this stage, we have to deal with the words on the page, and at this time we have not entered a visual environment. Therefore, it is easy for writers to replace characters with what they see (everything we will eventually see on the screen) and replace them with feelings (in fact, expressions or gestures can be used instead).

10, do a good job of research and write quickly.

William goldman once said, do a good job of research, build a good background story of the role, and when you feel ready, start writing at once. This method is very effective for me personally. If the research work is done well, the character will automatically talk to you. Fast writing can temporarily block critical psychology and improve writing efficiency.

Expanding reading: the employment direction of film and television directors

Employment direction:

Under the development trend of talent integration of radio and television program production, the employment prospect of radio and television program production specialty is increasingly broad. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the Internet, as the fourth largest modern media, is heating up, and the graduates in the direction of network art will have a good development prospect. No matter in radio stations, TV stations or network companies, graduates majoring in radio and television editing and directing will be of great use.

The professional employment direction includes seven modules: TV director, literary director, news director, film and television drama director, feature film director, music director and network art. These directions mainly study the director of news programs, literary programs, documentaries, music programs and network art of radio and television media. The specific work can be reporter, planner, program director, camera shooting, editing, writing, production, post-production, editing, and even lighting and recording. You can also be a producer in a column group set up by a TV channel, so that you can manage a column group. In short, the director major is mainly behind the scenes, and his personal ability is extremely strong.

Specific employment channels:

1, film and television production effect designer of various industry companies;

2. TV program planning, director and reporter;

3. Directors and producers of various film and television advertising companies;

4. Post-production staff of advertising film and television companies.

When the business level is excellent, you have four ways to go:

1. Stay in TV or radio, and strive for better and stronger. If you can become a regular employee, your work and income will be more stable;

2. Entering a private film and television company, advertising company or cultural communication company mainly involves post-editing and various jobs related to specific shooting, such as entering a film crew undertaken by a film and television company, such as lighting, sound, recording, director assistant, camera assistant and so on.

You can also choose administrative departments, such as the local radio and television bureau and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television at the next higher level, but this is not accessible to ordinary people. This job should be very competitive.

4. If you are tired of following the rules, you should be a freelance cameraman or a folk video recorder. What is popular now is that you can take your favorite documentary to participate in various film festivals and prize-winning competitions. Once you win the prize, it will be expensive. But since I am engaged in this job, I must have my own unique feelings about art, and the purpose is happiness.

Another important point is that although we learn to direct, we should know that there is no insurmountable gap between director and director, camera shooting, screenwriter and production.

Career prospects

Film and television media major is a new major established to adapt to the vigorous development of cultural industry, which has become a very attractive emerging industry in the world today. In developed countries, cultural industry not only surpasses traditional industries in development speed, but also shows strong growth strength in industrial scale and wealth creation ability, and has become the leading industry for expanding foreign trade and an important pillar for national economic and social development. Since 1990s, in order to adapt to the development of cultural industry, major art colleges, drama colleges, film colleges, conservatories of music, comprehensive universities and normal universities in China have successively set up media majors. As a new major, it mainly faces the cultural industry management departments of governments at all levels and the cultural communication departments such as radio, television, internet, newspapers and periodicals, publishing houses, etc. Music, fine arts, drama, film and television and other artistic activity groups, as well as mass culture, corporate culture, cultural industry, press and publication, tourism culture and other departments, cultivate high-level management professionals. In the past 10 years, because the United States took the lead in completing the major transformation from industrialization to "knowledge economy", it played an important leading role in the industrial structure adjustment of the whole western developed countries and even the whole world, and then a turning point appeared at the turn of the century, highlighting the charm of modern cultural industries. During this period, the export of audio-visual technology and cultural products in the United States reached 60 billion US dollars, replacing the aerospace industry in one fell swoop and becoming the largest export commodity. Such a dazzling adjustment of industrial structure not only allows us to see the new commanding heights of industrial upgrading in the world today, but also gives us a new understanding of modern cultural industries.

What are the majors of film and television director?

About film and television director specialty

Cultural industry has become a very striking emerging industry in the world today. In developed countries, cultural industry not only surpasses traditional industries in development speed, but also shows strong growth strength in industrial scale and wealth creation ability, and has become the leading industry for expanding foreign trade and an important pillar for national economic and social development. Since 1990s, in order to adapt to the development of cultural industry, major art colleges, drama colleges, film colleges, conservatories of music, comprehensive universities and normal universities in China have successively set up media majors.

Professional management specialty

(1) Cultural Industry Management: This major focuses on art and culture and radiates social culture. It mainly trains senior professionals who can engage in business and management in cultural industry management departments of governments at all levels, cultural communication departments such as radio, television, newspapers and periodicals, artistic activity groups such as music, fine arts, drama, film and television, and mass culture, corporate culture, cultural industry, tourism culture and other departments.

(2) Production management: This major mainly trains film and television program producers with a good foundation of film and television art creation and high management ability for enterprises and institutions such as radio and television groups, television stations and film and television production companies at all levels in China, and trains professionals engaged in media management, planning, organization, coordination, project operation and audience research for other media organizations, as well as applied talents who can engage in propaganda planning, organization and coordination and economic management of film and television project operation.

Radio and television director (direction of literary and artistic director)

This major trains high-quality and high-level professionals engaged in the planning, directing and production of radio and television art programs, columns and channels for radio and television media organizations.

Radio and television director (TV editing direction)

This major aims to cultivate comprehensive talents for TV stations and TV media organizations who are engaged in TV news editing and production, TV documentary feature film editing and directing, channel and TV column planning, and TV news program editing and directing.

Digital media art (direction of digital film and television production)

This major is for TV stations, digital film production companies, interactive entertainment companies, advertising companies, TV channel and column packaging departments, TV drama production departments, animation companies and other film and television production institutions. It is a compound senior talent integrating science and art such as digital film and television program planning and creation, digital film and television special effects production, TV title design and production, and TV column and channel packaging.

Digital Media Art (Design Direction of Network Multimedia)

The main direction of this major is to design and plan the overall image of the website, network animation, network advertising, network audio-visual art design and production for major portals, network companies, television or radio websites, advertising production companies, electronic audio-visual publishing houses, multimedia software development and production companies, computer audio-visual entertainment product development and production companies, interactive multimedia application development and production companies and other units.

Take pictures of ...

This major aims to train senior professionals engaged in film and television drama photography and other kinds of TV art program photography for TV stations, film studios, TV drama production centers, film and television production companies, TV advertising production companies, TV audio-visual publishing departments and TV research institutions.

Lighting art

This major trains professionals engaged in lighting design of movies, TV series, film and television production companies, advertising production companies and TV program production companies, as well as research-oriented talents in lighting art and technology.

Film and television literature

This major mainly trains high-level professionals who have theoretical knowledge of drama, film and television literature and a high aesthetic level, are familiar with the market rules of drama, film and television literature creation, and can engage in the creation, script writing skills, editing, publicity planning, editing and publishing of radio, film and television groups (including various radio and television stations), as well as the creation, criticism and theoretical research and teaching of radio, film and television literature, literature and culture.

Professional introduction of film and television directors

Professional introduction

The director is the organizer and leader of film art creation, and is the general person in charge of putting the film literary script on the screen. As a synthesizer of various artistic elements in film creation, the director organizes and unites all the creative staff and technicians of the film crew, gives full play to their talents and integrates the creative work of the film crew. The director's re-creation is based on the script of film literature, using montage thinking to carry out artistic conception, compiling storyboard and The Director's Elaboration, including grasping the theme, character description, scene scheduling, determining time and space structure, sound and painting modeling and artistic style of future films. Then find and determine the actors, and put forward requirements for creative departments such as photography, actors, artists, recording and composition according to the overall thinking. Organize the main creative staff to study relevant materials, analyze scripts, centralize and unify creative intentions, and determine the overall creative plan of the film. The director will also lead the on-site shooting and post-production work according to the shooting plan arranged by the production department until the filming is completed. The quality of a film depends largely on the quality and accomplishment of the director; The style of a film often reflects the artistic style of the director.

Professional advantage

The major of film and television director is close to the major of cultural management and drama.

1, the requirement of cultural achievement is low, and the score is between 300 and 500. Students with a class ranking of about 40 have the opportunity;

2. Admission conditions and scope are wide: those with serious partiality, special personality, special hobbies and unique abilities will have great hopes;

3. The choice of major is large, and the classification of major settings is very fine, which is suitable for students with different conditions and different pursuits to apply for the exam;

4. There is potential for employment development, new majors, and a wide range of employment, which is suitable for starting a business, and the positions of public institutions are still not saturated.

subject of examination

First, written test:

1, history theory class. The types of questions are: fill in the blank, short answer, question and answer; Fill in the blanks and check your understanding of history, place names, names and works. Ask and answer questions to examine your understanding of the name of the art terminology school. For example: Separation of Sound and Picture, Business. On the relationship between artistic fiction and real life, what are the characteristics of commercial films, and how to evaluate Wang Shuo's films and urban and rural cultural construction.

2. Review category: film and television reviews. Play a movie and ask candidates to write a review article about it in class. This is an examination subject to examine your comprehensive quality, which requires a comprehensive understanding. Learn to watch movies during the exam. After watching the movie, a film review should be formed in your mind.

3, narrative, argumentative and other propositions.

4, TV advertising creativity and program planning 5, drama stories

Second, the interview: the interview, also known as the oral test, is generally conducted in the second interview, and there is no interview in Shandong universities for the time being. The examiner asks you some questions about literature, life, even philosophy and aesthetics, as well as personal hobbies, interests and professional knowledge. The purpose is to understand the candidates' language expression ability, memory and logical thinking ability, and to examine whether the candidates' quality has career development potential. In any case, be generous and don't be nervous during the exam, but be realistic, try not to hide yourself with fantasy, but skillfully show your advantages to the examiner.

Enrollment institutions

Comprehensive universities: Peking University, Northwest University, Hunan University, Sichuan University, Chongqing University, Shenyang University, Dalian University, Zhengzhou University of Technology, Liaocheng University, Chengdu University of Technology, Shijiazhuang Vocational and Technical College, Media Department, Tongji University, Xi International Studies University, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Pingdingshan College, Nanchang Airlines, Nanjing Airlines, chongqing post and telecommunications, Huanghe Science and Technology, Guizhou Nationality, Zhongyuan Institute of Technology, Changchun Normal University, and Jinan University.

Normal universities: Beijing Normal University, Shanghai Normal University, Tianjin Normal University, Southwest Normal University, Harbin Normal University, Hainan Normal University, Sichuan Normal University, Shandong Normal University, Northeast Normal University, Huazhong Normal University and Linyi Normal University;

Art colleges: Central Conservatory of Music, China Communication University, Zhejiang Media College, China Theatre Academy, Beijing Film Academy, Central Theatre Academy, Shanghai Theatre Academy, China Conservatory of Music, Hebei Media College, Tianjin Conservatory of Music, Sichuan Conservatory of Music, Shenyang Conservatory of Music, Nanjing Art College, Shandong Art College, Jilin Art College, Yunnan Art College, Guangxi Art College, Xinjiang Art College, Yellow River Institute of Science and Technology; China Media Nanguang Branch, Beijing Normal University Zhuhai Branch, Chengdong College of Northeast Agricultural University, Radio and Television College of Chengdu University of Technology, Shi Mei College of Chongqing University, International Performing Arts College of Sichuan Conservatory of Music, Yi Shan International Exchange College, Nanyi Shangmei College, Humanities College of Northeast Normal University, Shandong Branch of China Women's College, Jincheng College of Sichuan University, Mianyang Art College of Sichuan Conservatory of Music.

Apply for qualification

Students who are average in all aspects, but unwilling to be ambitious, can apply for the exam.

Public management: organizational management ability, marketing planning ability, cultural and artistic hobbies.

Mass communication: I like film and television art, like activities, am good at communication, write fast, pay attention to social life, and want to be a reporter. ...

Creative director: like writing, like reading, good at conception ... (poetry, prose, narrative skills are good);

Director and host: good image, good pronunciation in Mandarin and good English (preferably with certain literary expertise or literary committee members);

Employment direction

Generally speaking, these majors are engaged in the dissemination and management of film and television culture after graduation. Specifically speaking, I am a reporter, host, planning or administrative director, business director, director and other professionals in newspapers, magazines, publishing houses, radio stations, television stations and film production departments. It refers to the organization and management of many cultural industries derived from film and television art, such as cultural brokers, film producers, media planners, literary directors, entertainment reporters, bilingual hosts, film writers, film directors or various film and television program assistants; There are also planning and management personnel of newspapers, publishing houses, magazines, cultural bureaus, radio and television bureaus, propaganda departments, education, culture, health and other national organizations and other institutions.

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