What are the main skills of shaping characters in comedy sketches?

Comic sketches, like all literary works, should be written about people who express the sum of all social relations. Only in this way can the work be meaningful.

As a new art style, comedy sketch determines the simplification of stage performance means such as scenery and props and the dilution of plot structure, but the characterization cannot be simplified or diluted. In order to create vivid characters, the creation of comedy sketches should properly use various artistic skills to serve the shaping of characters.

First, compare.

Compared with other plays, there are far fewer characters in comedy sketches. For the works that have appeared on the stage in recent ten years, there can be at least one person or many people, most of whom are two or three people. Most of the characters in the play do not have all kinds of complicated relationships, and a large number of them are not fierce and sharp contradictions and conflicts, but some differences and opposites in personality. If you write this difference and opposition well, you can highlight the distinctive character of the characters in the contrast. As Engels said, "If you distinguish the characters more clearly in a more antagonistic way, the ideological content of the script will not be damaged." In life, people's personality differences are rich and colorful, and when we mold the characters in life into typical ones, these differences form their own distinct personalities, so that there is a sharp contrast between positive characters and negative characters, main characters and secondary characters.

The sketch "Blind Date" is a comparative way, which shows us the personality differences between the two old people. The old widow and Ma Ya portrayed in the script are a widower and a widow, who are in the same boat. However, for the happiness that can be easily obtained, the former dares to pursue boldly, while the latter is full of worries and dare not cross the line. Their personalities are in sharp contrast, and their different attitudes towards love also promote the development of the plot. Imagine that if Ma Ya was also written to accept the proposal calmly and happily, the sketch would be simplified in characterization and the characters would be atypical. Just write two characters with the same personality. What is the typical significance of such a work?

In some essays criticizing the disadvantages of the times, contrast is an indispensable skill in shaping characters. For example, the essay "Gift" uses the method of comparison to make the characters' thoughts and personalities clear. The theme of the script is to criticize the unhealthy trend of giving gifts and accepting bribes. How to express this theme? The work designs two kinds of characters for us, one is the giver, the other is the giver, and the other is the opposite. The giver who paid bribes for his own selfish interests hit a wall three times, and finally showed his despicable and insignificant prototype in front of Director Li, who was upright and upright. The group of people who gave gifts also had differences in thoughts and personalities. The first (mother-in-law) is greedy at the sight of gifts, which is essentially different from the last three gift-giving objects; The second (nanny) is kind-hearted, regrets being cheated by the giver and is angry at the shameless behavior of the giver; The third kind (retired cadres) are good at seeing through the tricks of gift givers and hate unhealthy practices; The fourth (female director) is an honest official and will never be soft on unhealthy trends. Through comparison, not only the thoughts and personalities of the positive and negative characters are in sharp contrast, but also the differences of personality characteristics of several positive characters are distinguished.

Guo Da, Cai Ming and full stop performed a comedy sketch "Gift".

In real life, the character's ideological character is not static, and the changes of age, environment and other factors are enough to change the character's ideological character. Essays use contrast to express the complexity of characters, which is conducive to the enrichment of personality. Although Autumn Leaves Fall Again is a tragic sketch as a whole, there are also many comedy factors in it. This sketch shows this change of iron column and jade phoenix through comparison. In an accidental meeting, Yufeng arranged her granddaughter's marriage, and her granddaughter was engaged to Tiezhu's dumb grandson. Tiezhu not only did not object to this, but also expressed deep gratitude. If only this fact is written in the script, it is impossible to talk about the depth of the theme and the distinctiveness of the characters. The script shows by flashback that 50 years ago, Tiezhu and Yufeng were once a pair of young people who tried to break through the feudal ethical code cage and strive for freedom of marriage, but now they themselves have become advocates of feudal ethical code and ethics. The contrast between the two forms a strong contrast of the character and enriches the connotation of the character.

Second, contrast and contrast.

Set-off is a method to highlight the character by setting off the relationship between characters, which is often used in comedy sketches with more characters and similar personalities. The characters in the play, as a foil, are secondary characters, but they may or must exist in the development of the plot, which is by no means a simple struggle.

In the comedy sketch "Playing Mahjong", the husband and sister-in-law are two characters with similar personalities and the same experience. The latter's husband is addicted to building the Great Wall. If you lose the bet, ask your wife for money, or call if you don't give it. In order to avoid the pain of fists and fists, sister-in-law had to ask her brother-in-law for help, and she never had the courage to resist her husband. The former's wife is a mahjong fan. When she loses money and goes home, her husband will not only grovel and massage her sore arm, but also enjoy the "golden slap" given by her wife and promise to go out and raise gambling money. The husband's reaction was to swallow his pride and ask his sister-in-law for help. Although the ending of the script ends dramatically with the husband winning and conquering his wife, the fate of the husband is still tragic. Sister-in-law's weakness sets off her sister-in-law and aggravates the tragic color of the protagonist's character. This is what the author deliberately described, that is, the so-called "weakness sets off weakness."

Setting off the moon is a common method to shape characters, and setting off is to deepen characters' character with environmental atmosphere. When there is a strong contrast between the environmental atmosphere and the characters' feelings, which leads to the contradiction between the characters' personality and the environment, the characters' images are more artistic.

Gong Hanlin and Yue Hong performed a comedy sketch "Playing Mahjong"

The essay When Autumn Leaves Fall Again successfully uses the method of contrast to deepen the character's character and its social significance. In the play, Zhu Tiehe and Ryan were the victims of the feudal marriage system 50 years ago, and 50 years later, they personally facilitated the arranged marriage of their grandchildren, leaving the youth of another generation shrouded in the shadow of feudal ethics. In order to strengthen the tragedy of this character, the script designed a scene where yellow leaves floated all over the sky, and youth seemed to float away with the fallen leaves in autumn. At the same time, when the iron column knelt at Yufeng's feet and thanked her, Yufeng was both happy and sad. "His eyes suddenly fell into the arms of iron pillars", which is their character. At this time, the script also designed the music of "Wedding Song". On the one hand, it is festive music, on the other hand, it is chewing on the tragic life of the past 50 years. In the contrast between joy and sadness, the tragic color of the characters is enriched, and the festive atmosphere sets off the tragic character of the characters.

In comedy sketches, contrast often ends in climax, which is the best time to deepen the role. The essay "Opening a Shop in Two Years" shaped the kind and kind image of the hostess of the hotel. She served the drinkers carefully, but let them vent their evil thoughts by drinking and touching her. In order to prevent the two drivers from getting into trouble after driving, the hostess accompanied them to drink and took the whole bottle of wine away. The climax of the plot is the scene where the hostess and two drivers are drinking. She stepped on the stool and got on the table, guessing with the drinkers. Neither driver is her opponent, and the scene is very lively. The script is based on this kind of excitement and drunken drinking lessons to set off her grief, so that when she draws "a widow, living alone, a man working hard, a woman ..."

Third, detour.

Circuitous means that the sketch does not attack the characters directly, but insinuates or dissects them layer by layer, so that the characters finally reveal their true colors.

The comedy sketch "Photography" is to show a director's ideological realm. What kind of state is it? From the photographer trying to make him laugh, the toy can't do it, the glorious title can't do it, and the script tries one by one, peeling off layer by layer, approaching the deep heart. Finally, under the guidance of the studio manager's sentence "You will be promoted to director tomorrow", the director finally smiled. So the camera rang and photographed the inner world wrapped in a smile: the desire for promotion. What a vivid and profound moment it is! The ideas of the audience and the photographer are synchronized, and a guess is denied until the final veil is lifted. The director's vulgar outlook on life left a deep impression on the audience.

Fourth, pave the way.

The foreshadowing is to introduce the main characters before they take the stage, so that the audience can be prepared for the main characters who are about to take the stage. Structurally speaking, the content of bedding is the plot that cannot be reproduced in the sketch; As far as characters are concerned, the content of foreshadowing is the factor of drama conflict.

The essay "Please" is to unfold the plot and portray the characters with the help of bedding. This play reflects the way farmers get rich through science and technology. The characters in the whole play are two brothers, and the brother who is a reporter takes the stage first. My brother who works in the city is always worried about his visit, afraid that the poor peasant brother will ask for something from himself. This confession of my brother paves the way for the poor family of my younger brother who hasn't played yet, and also indicates the contradictions and conflicts that will be triggered once my younger brother arrives. My brother finally came. After a dramatic misunderstanding, my brother took out 5000 yuan in cash from his backpack and put it on his old desk. "Please!" Who should beg who now? Please. It shouldn't have been my brother. He made a fortune by raising foxes scientifically, and returned the money to his brother. My brother only asked him to say "please!" "This is a typical happy psychology of farmers after they get rich.

Foreshadowing, putting suspense into the plot, making the characterization in a dynamic state. Without this foreshadowing, there is no basis for the development of the plot, and the behavior of the younger brother after his appearance will make the audience incomprehensible. From demanding to returning, my brother has changed so much that a typical image of a farmer who got rich by science and technology is vividly presented in the audience's field of vision. If you don't use the method of bedding, the script will inevitably increase the plot that the younger brother repeatedly asks the older brother, so that the plot will increase and the sketch will become a short play.

Pan Changjiang and Gong Hanlin performed the comedy sketch "Please".

Fifth, repeatedly.

Repetition is to portray a character by constantly reproducing similar or identical words or actions of the character. Repetition is not a simple repetition, it sometimes emphasizes the feelings and thoughts of the characters, and sometimes depicts the rich inner world of the characters delicately, and the characters' character is deepened in that series of gestures. M.pangdan.com's essay Parting in August, which was transferred from a mobile phone, is unique in the use of repetition. The main line of the whole script is to repeatedly depict the love of the heroine sirrah. In the eyes of Cheng, a simple and honest hero, Rare Things is just a childish "girl movie". Who knows that this lovestruck rural girl has a heart for him, so on Cheng's way to college by train, rare things took the opportunity to stop him from expressing a few sweet words, which is not the true face of a girl in a ravine. Words are to be said, but not only words, but also real things, that is the real concern for the sweetheart. This concern is hard to say. This clever little baby shows her love by waiting for the train to see the time. The play writes:

Rarely: I have a watch.

Chengxi: You? !

Rarity: I don't need it anyway. Why don't you put it on?

Chengxi: Me?

Rare: (suddenly embarrassed) It's just a little big ... (I uncovered the grass on the basket, pulled out a huge horseshoe-shaped alarm clock and hung it around the man's neck).

However, the action of taking things from the basket did not stop there. Rare things repeated this action seven times like magic by talking about seasons, travel and school life: the second time, in order to let chen xi not worry about drilling a cold bed, he "took out a ceramic hot pot"; The third time, "touch out a straw cage" to let Cheng relieve boredom on the train; For the fourth time, I took out a bundle of corn stalks from the basket to quench my thirst on the train. The fifth time, "take out a long and wide red cloth belt", which can hold money and prevent theft; The sixth time, "I found an oversized old bowl", I stole her brother's bowl so that Cheng could buy food in the canteen. The seventh time, I poured out the basket, "buckle the basket on the ground and pour out a bag", which contained a pile of garlic. I want to eat every day and miss my hometown. ...

The script repeats the action of taking things from the basket seven times in Rare Things, the same action, but the content is different, depicting the delicate feelings of the girl to her sweetheart. As a result of this repeated action, the object of the action also shows emotional changes. As a result of the first action, Cheng showed ignorance and was incomprehensible. The second shock was "tongue-tied"; Being "stunned" for the third time; The fourth time, the honest young man impulsively shouted: "Rare"; After the fifth action, he "glanced at the red belt around his waist, looked at the rare thing and suddenly stammered", and finally said, "Rare thing, I, I have always regarded you as a little girl. Who knows, this, that, I (want Larry's hand) "This simple and honest person has realized what is going on. The sixth time, when he took the bowl, he swore "I can't forget you, no matter where I go, I can't forget you"; For the last time, he didn't even know what Rui Rui asked him to eat, so he repeatedly promised: "I will eat, I will eat!" "He has been moved by the girl's true feelings and has become obedient, which is completely different from what Rare said at the beginning, that is," casually "and" scratching his head ". Imagine that if these seven actions are completed at once, the character of the character will become a diagram, and there will be no drama. It can be seen that clever use of repetition is an effective way to shape characters.

Sixth, exaggeration.

Exaggeration is an indispensable skill in shaping characters in comedy sketches. Exaggeration produces dramatic effect through the deformation of characters, which is also harmonious and humorous.

There are two forms of exaggeration: action exaggeration and language exaggeration. Action exaggeration is an intuitive exaggeration, which can directly mobilize association through the audience's vision, form diffuse thinking, re-create and make people understand its meaning. The full use of exaggeration in pantomime sketches can best express the character. For example, in Wang Jingyu's Eat Chicken, there is an action of trying to bite a chicken bone: the actor walks around the imaginary table, but the chicken is still not bitten, which depicts the toughness of the chicken eater in such a high degree of exaggeration. In comedy sketches, the exaggeration of actions can be synchronized with cleverly designed situations. For example, at the beginning of the sketch "Before Operation", the husband hung a large color TV on his chest and a range hood on his back. There was a rice cooker piled on the color TV, a tape recorder in his left hand and a twisted electric iron in his right hand. Because his face is covered, the audience can almost regard it as an electrical counter, but this "counter" is moving, and the husband staggered forward. The audience took a step from his words, "Wife, hey, the gifts are all ready!" Only in his lines did he understand a truth: in order to make the operation of the hospitalized mother-in-law smooth, he had to give gifts to the medical staff. This exaggerated action depicts the transformation of her husband and satirizes the abnormal world of unhealthy trends, but in the final analysis, it shows the absurdity and contemptibility of the characters.

The exaggeration of action should pay attention to appropriateness and moderation, and the loss of body and excess of exaggeration will often make the characterization counterproductive. There is a sketch that shows the busyness of an information company manager with such an exaggerated action: four phones on his desk rang, and the manager was busy answering the phone. Finally, he dropped the receiver and rolled on the ground. As far as reception aesthetics is concerned, this kind of "tumbling" is obviously an ugly gaffe, an endless exaggeration, and the degree of exaggeration is not well grasped, which makes this sketch become a farce. If the hero's tumbling is changed to prone on the table, shortness of breath and rolling his eyes, the effect may be much better.

Action exaggeration is accepted by the audience's vision, while language exaggeration produces effects through the audience's hearing. In the essay before operation, there is this kind of comparative language exaggeration, which consists of enlargement and reduction: when discussing how to give gifts to medical staff, the wife thinks that gifts should be paid according to "labor", and the husband says, "Of course, the surgeon is the one with big labor and high salary, and the color TV is none other than him. He has a color TV, so he is very tolerant of me. The blade is small and shallow, and the mother-in-law suffers less. Otherwise, across the board, 10 cm square, the old lady will suffer a big crime! " But his wife put forward the opposite view that color TV should be given to anesthesiologists, because if the anesthesia degree is not in place, it will kill the old lady! The husband retorted, "No! When the anesthesiologist got the color TV, he was so excited that the dosage was too large and the anesthesia was too deep. My mother-in-law is dead! " Their contrasting language exaggerates and reasonably depicts the ambivalence of the couple, which has also become a clever way to portray characters in this comedy sketch.