Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Photography and portraiture - Documentary China Documentary

Documentary China Documentary

The history of China documentary began when photographers from western countries came to China to shoot news documentaries. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, foreign photographers photographed the Boxer Rebellion and Eight-Nation Alliance, and also photographed the social life in China at that time. Later, in the early 20th century, newsreels such as The Funeral of Emperor Guangxu and The Funeral of Empress Dowager Cixi were filmed. During the Revolution of 1911 (19 1 1), in addition to Japanese photographers, China photographer Zhu Liankui and others also filmed the Wuhan War reflecting the Wuchang Uprising, and later filmed the Songhu War reflecting the second revolution. Around 19 18, the Commercial Press filmed some documentary short films with current events and scenery as the content: the military parade of victory in the European War, the 5th Far East Games, Nanjing scenic spots, the scenery of the West Lake and so on. Around 1924, during the first cooperation between China and the United States, Sun Yat-sen attached great importance to documentary shooting. In the name of the Grand Marshal, he ordered the relevant authorities to facilitate the work of cinematographer Li Minwei. During this period, Li Minwei filmed news films and documentaries such as "The Battle of the National Revolutionary Army by Sea, Land and Air", and after the death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, he compiled his own information into "A Thousand Years of Achievements". During this period, Soviet photographer Bloom and others also filmed China's films such as The Great Escape, China's Civil War, and Shanghai in 1927. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China filmmakers walked out of the studio and filmed many historical news documentaries with hand-held cameras, and trained a group of professional news documentary workers from their practical work. China Film Studio, which belongs to the Political Department of the Military Committee of the National Government, Central Film Studio and Northwest Film Company, which belong to the Propaganda Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee, have successively produced news magazines such as Special Issue of the Anti-Japanese War and A Record of the Anti-Japanese War. Documentaries include Lugouqiao Incident, A Record of the Air Force, The Front Line of Songhu, Great Victory in Northern Hunan, Long live the nation, North China is ours, etc.

1953 in July, the first professional organization to produce news documentaries and documentaries in China-the Central News Recording Film Studio was established in Beijing. In addition, China People's Liberation Army Bayi Film Studio and other film studios also took a certain number of documentary photos. The number and quality of news documentary practitioners have been greatly improved, creative personnel have been trained among ethnic minorities, and a large number of news films and long and short documentaries have been produced. For example, millions of heroes went down to the south of the Yangtze River, the new China was born, the red flag in the west wind, the war to resist US aggression and aid Korea, China's national unity, the land reform, the early spring, millions of serfs stood up, the Yellow River changed dramatically, the Horn of Africa conquered the world's highest peak in the torrent, and so on. China's first color stage documentary was 1953' s Butterfly Lovers. After the 1970s, the rapid development and popularization of television in China provided a more timely means for the broadcast of news documentaries and opened up a broader field. In addition to continuing to be shown in cinemas, news documentaries have also entered TV screens in large numbers.

During this period, "Made in China", "Made in Taiwan" and private companies of the Kuomintang system in Taiwan Province Province also took some news documentary photos. The most influential are the traditional towns of Minong, China opera art and the descendants of dragons. Some Hong Kong film companies have also made some documentaries reflecting the wars in China, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Pacific, such as The Painful War. The new documentary is a "marginal documentary" that existed outside the system in 1990' s (excluding the TV documentary that operates in the national TV system and exists in the form of a column, representing a top-down power and perspective). This is a new movement based on the response to traditional political style documentaries.

The new documentary film movement was initially promoted in the form of "underground" and folk and sent to foreign film festivals. It was widely carried out among the people through "automatic and free" communication methods such as VCD, DVD and bar screening.

The new documentary film movement came into being at the end of1980s, and it appeared as a straggler, or its bud was a completely unconscious behavior. Wu, who once worked in Kunming TV Station, picked up the camera with a hazy feeling and aimed it at the "wandering artists" around him, so Wandering Beijing was born. In particular, the filming of the film spanned the political events in the late 1980s, which attracted people's attention. At the same time, Wu's behavior also implies the possibility of this independent system.

Duan Jinchuan's issue 16, Yin and Yang Master, Yang's The Old Man, Zhu Chuanming's The Bullfighter in Beijing, Ju's Wind in Beijing, Du Haibin's Along the Railway, Wang Fen's Unhappy More than One, Zhao Liang's Paper Plane and so on. Many of these producers are making documentaries for the first time, and they are not professional documentary workers. The appearance of these new documentary people seems to mark the arrival of an "amateur video era". Different from the "New Documentary Movement" in the early 1990s of/kloc-0, documentary workers at that time, whether Wu, Duan Jinchuan or Jiang Yue, mostly had the background of working in TV stations. Because they could not express themselves in the traditional system, they chose the road of independent production. At present, most young documentary creators are not among the professional film and television practitioners. They are either students who are still studying in the Film Academy (such as Zhu Chuanming and Du Haibin, who had not graduated at the time of filming), or young people who are wandering in Beijing, or even laymen like Yang who knew nothing about film and television production. The equipment they used to create, except for the 16 mm camera and the expired black-and-white film with a total duration of ***20 minutes, seemed a bit "professional". Others complete their works through digital DV or even more than 8 home cameras. Although from a professional point of view, their works have different degrees of audio-visual defects, but these new documentary producers shocked the international film industry with the authenticity and originality of the film content. These awards are not only praise for these documentary directors, but more importantly, they convey the message that an ordinary person can become a "real" documentary director through his talent, perseverance, love for life and simple photographic equipment. And most of the objects they pay attention to are individuals in daily life. For example, Wang Fen pointed the camera at his parents (regardless of some ethical issues caused by doing so for the time being), and the "new documentary movement" seems to have gained unprecedented growth, as if there was a carnival in the "amateur video era" similar to the national fitness movement.