How to judge whether the rib is broken?

Most rib fractures are transverse and oblique, and can be single or multiple. Most of them are one-sided. 1 and the second rib are located behind the clavicle, 1 1 and 12 ribs are free short ribs, and the fracture probability is small.

The diagnosis of rib fracture is mainly based on the history of trauma, clinical manifestations and chest X-ray examination. Pressing the non-fractured part of the sternum or rib (chest pressure test) causes pain (indirect tenderness) at the fractured part, or directly pressing the fractured part of the rib causes direct tenderness, or bone rubbing sound can be heard, bone rubbing sound and abnormal rib mobility can be felt at the same time, which is of great diagnostic value. Most rib fractures can be shown on X-ray chest films. However, rib cartilage fracture, "willow branch fracture", fracture without dislocation, or intercostal fracture are not easy to be found on chest radiograph because of overlapping ribs on both sides, and should be judged according to clinical manifestations to avoid missed diagnosis. A rib fracture without injury is called a simple rib fracture. In addition to pleural and lung injuries and hemothorax or pneumothorax caused by them, there are often other chest injuries or chest injuries, which should be paid special attention to in diagnosis. 1 or fracture of the second rib is often accompanied by clavicle or scapula fracture, which may be accompanied by injury of internal organs and great vessels in the chest, rupture of bronchus or trachea, or cardiac contusion, often accompanied by brain injury; Lower thoracic rib fracture may be complicated with visceral injury, especially rupture of liver, spleen and kidney, and fracture of spine and pelvis should also be paid attention to. However, when the rib below the seventh rib is fractured, the intercostal nerve at the fracture site is stimulated to produce conductive abdominal pain, which should be distinguished from the indicative abdominal pain caused by abdominal organ injury.