What basic knowledge do you need to learn photography?

Photography is basically divided into three parts: point, line and surface. Point refers to focus, line refers to line, and surface refers to composition in shooting! Of course, there are many different venues in shooting, indoor or outdoor. If you shoot indoors, you need lights. Lighting is an indispensable tool in the room! Extreme exposure control-exposure amount

Is the total energy of light involved in exposure, which is expressed by the formula: exposure = light intensity × exposure time.

Whether the exposure in photography is correct or not is very important. Excessive or insufficient exposure will affect the image effect.

Optimum exposure formula:

Optimum exposure =8~ 10/ film sensitivity unit lx s (lux seconds ~ ~ ~ ~ reciprocity law

The law of reciprocity is also called the law of reciprocity. Exposure = light intensity × exposure time The light intensity in photography is determined by two factors: the brightness of the scene and the aperture size of the camera. When the aperture is fixed, the higher the brightness of the scene, the stronger the light intensity, and the exposure time is the shutter speed. Therefore, the formula of film exposure in photography can be rewritten as: exposure = shutter speed × aperture size × scene brightness. It can be seen from this formula that when the brightness of the scene is constant, the aperture is 1 and the shutter speed is 1, that is, the area of the light-passing hole (aperture) is doubled, and the shutter opening time (shutter speed) is reduced to 1/2, and the exposure is unchanged. (For example, if the bucket receives water)

Aperture F8 and shutter1125s are used to shoot a scene. Now list the following combination values of aperture and shutter. It is still the same to shoot the same scene with the same exposure several times.

Use the aperture F2.5ff4f5.6f8f11f16f22.

Shutter speed11001/5001/25011251/601/30/kloc.

Usually, the law that aperture and shutter complement each other to keep exposure constant is called reciprocity law. The law of reciprocity sometimes fails, that is, when the light is too dim and the shutter speed is too high, it may lead to underexposure according to the above law, so it is necessary to increase the exposure to make up for it. With light, there is a focal length: the lens of a camera is a group of lenses, and the parallel light converges to a point after passing through the lenses, which is called the focus, and the distance from the focus to the center of the lens is called the focal length. A lens with a fixed focal length, that is, a fixed focus lens; The lens whose focal length can be adjusted and changed is a zoom lens. In the field of photography, the focal length mainly reflects the lens angle. For the traditional 135 camera, the lens angle of about 50mm is close to the human eye, so it is called a standard lens, generally covering the range of 40-70mm, 18-40mm is called a wide-angle or short-focus lens, 70- 135mm is called a medium-focus lens, and135 mm is called a medium-focus lens. The CCD of a digital camera is generally much smaller than that of 135 film, so the focal length of the lens is much shorter at the same viewing angle. For example, a digital camera with a CCD of 0.33 \ \ \ \ ",when using a lens of about 13mm, its viewing angle is roughly equivalent to the standard lens of a 50mm 135 camera. Because of the different specifications and models of CCD used by digital camera manufacturers, everyone adopts the saying that "it is equivalent to the focal length of 35mm camera (i.e. 135 camera)"! These can be called points for short!