Knowledge about photoshop ~

To modify (a picture or photograph) with a computer.

Catalogue overview

R&D

Version history

Application area

Functional characteristics

latest version

other

abstract

Photoshop is one of the most famous image processing software of ADOBE.

Adobe, founded in 1982, is one of the largest PC software companies in the United States.

R&D

1985, Apple Computer Company of the United States took the lead in introducing Macintosh Macintosh series computers with graphical interfaces. 1In the autumn of 987, Thomas Knoll, a graduate student at the University of Michigan, wrote a program that can display gray-scale images on Macintosh Plus. At first, he named the software display, but later this program was discovered by his brother john knoll, who worked for Industrial Light and Magic Company (which used to do special effects for Star Wars). John suggested that Thomas use this program for business value. John also participated in the development of early photoshop software, and he developed the plug-in. In a product demonstration, it was suggested that Thomas could be called photoshop. Thomas was very satisfied with the name and later kept it. Later, it was acquired by Adobe, and the name remained.

1In the summer of 988, John searched for investors in Silicon Valley and found Adobe. 1 1 In June, Adobe signed an authorized sales agreement with their brother. Their first commercial success was to hand over Photoshop to a scanner company for matching and selling. The name is Barneyscan XP, and the version is 0.87. Meanwhile, John continued to look for other buyers, including SuperMac and Aldus, but without success. Finally, they found Russell Brown, the artistic director of Adobe. Russell Brown is already studying whether to consider another company Letraset's ColorStudio image editing program. After seeing Photoshop, he felt that the Knoll brothers' program was more promising. 1August, 988, they verbally decided to cooperate, and the real legal contract was not completed until April of the following year. One of the key words in the contract is that Adobe has obtained Photoshop's "distribution license", which means authorizing the distribution rather than buying out all copyrights. This laid the foundation for the Keno brothers to become rich later.

Version history

Thanks to the efforts of Thomas and other Adobe engineers, Photoshop version 1.0.7 was officially released in February 1990. John knoll also participated in the development of some plug-ins. The first version only had an 800KB floppy disk (Mac).

In the early 1990s, great changes have taken place in the American printing industry, and prepress computerization began to spread. The CYMK function added by Photoshop in version 2.0 is that the printing factory began to hand over the color separation task to users, and a new industry desktop publishing-DTP came into being.

2.0 Other important new features include support for Adobe's vector editing software Illustrator file, two-color tone and pen tool. The minimum memory requirement is raised from 2MB to 4MB, which has a great influence on improving the stability of the software. Since this version, Adobe has started to use the code name, and the code name of 2.0 is Fast Eddy, which was officially released in June of 199 1.

The next version of Adobe decides to develop and support the Windows version, code-named Brimstone, and the Mac version is Merlin. Strangely, the official version number is 2.5, which is different from the general software release number, because the numbers after the decimal point are usually reserved for modification and upgrade. This version adds support for palettes and 16-bit files. The main feature of version 2.5 is generally recognized support for Windows.

At this time, Photoshop's main competitor in Mac version is fractal design ColorStudio, and Aldus's PhotoStyler is on Windows. Photoshop has far surpassed ColorStudio from the beginning, and it will take some time for the Windows version to catch up with its rivals.

An important new feature of version 3.0 is the layer. The Mac version was released in September 1994, and the Windows version was released in September 10 165438. Although another software, Live Picture, supported the concept of layers at that time, there were also rumors in the industry that Photoshop engineers copied the concept of Live Picture. In fact, Thomas began to study the concept of layer very early.

The main improvement of version 4.0 is the user interface. At this time, Adobe decided to unify the user interface of Photoshop with other Adobe products. In addition, the program usage process has also changed. Some old users are resistant to this, and even some users go to online websites to protest. But after a period of use, they accepted new changes.

Adobe realized the importance of Photoshop at this moment, and they decided to buy out all rights of Photoshop. The details of how much money the Noel brothers earned for this are unknown, but it must be quite a lot.

Version 5.0 introduced the concept of history, which was different from the general revocation and attracted cheers from the industry at that time. Color management is also a new feature of 5.0. Although it caused some controversy at that time, it later proved to be a great progress in Photoshop history. Version 5.0 was officially released in May 1998. A year later, Adobe released version X.5 again, this time version 5.5, which mainly increased support for Web functions and included Image Ready 2.0.

Version 6.0, released in September 2000, mainly improved the fluency of other Adobe tools exchange, but the real major improvement waited until version 7.0, which was an event in March 2002.

Prior to this, most of the pictures processed by Photoshop came from scanning. In fact, most of the functions of Photoshop have nothing to do with digital cameras that became popular in the late 1990s. Version 7.0 adds image modification tools, such as healing brush, and some basic digital camera functions, such as EXIF data and file browser.

After enjoying great commercial success, Photoshop began to feel threatened in the 265,438+0th century, especially the software for processing the original files of digital cameras, including the software provided by various manufacturers and other competitors such as Phase One(Capture One). Thomas Knoll, who has retired, personally led the team to develop the PS RAW(7.0) plug-in.

In the subsequent development process, the official version number of photoshop 8.0 was CS, and the version number of Photoshop 9.0 was changed to CS2.

CS is the abbreviation of the last two words in a set of software of Adobe Creative Suite, which stands for "creative collection". It is a unified design environment, integrated with the new version of Adobe Photoshop? CS2. Illustrator? CS2、InDesign？ CS2、GoLive？ CS2 and Acrobat? 7.0 professional software and new Version Cue? Combination of CS2, Adobe Bridge and Adobe Stock Photos.

application area

Images, graphics, text, video, publishing, etc.

characteristic

Functionally, Photoshop can be divided into image editing, image synthesis, color correction and special effects production.

Image editing is the basis of image processing, which can perform various transformations on images, such as enlargement, reduction, rotation, tilt, mirror image and perspective. You can also copy, remove spots, repair and modify damaged images. This is very useful in wedding photography and portrait processing. It can remove the dissatisfied parts of portraits and beautify them, and get very satisfactory results.

Image synthesis is to combine several images into a complete image with clear meaning through layer operation and tool application, which is the only way for art design. The drawing tools provided by photoshop make foreign images and ideas blend together well, making it possible to synthesize images seamlessly.

Tone color correction is one of the powerful functions in photoshop, which can adjust and correct the color of images conveniently and quickly, and can also switch between different colors to meet the application of images in different fields such as web design, printing and multimedia.

The production of special effects in photoshop is mainly accomplished through the comprehensive application of filters, channels and tools. Including the creation of image special effects and the production of special effects characters, such as oil painting, relief painting, plaster painting, sketch and other commonly used traditional artistic skills can be completed through photoshop special effects. And the production of various special characters are the reasons why many art designers are keen on photoshop research.

latest version

The latest version is cs3.

Adobe Photoshop CS3 Extended is an ideal choice for film, video and multimedia professionals, graphic and web designers who use 3D and animation, and engineering and science professionals. Render 3D images and merge them into 2D composite images. Easily edit animated graphics on the video layer to stop time. Explore your images with measurement, counting and visualization tools.

The brightest star in CS3 is Photoshop CS3. As the core product of Adobe, Photoshop CS3 has always been the most concerned, and Adobe also released its beta version at the end of last year. The reason for choosing Photoshop CS3 is not only that it is perfectly compatible with Vista, but more importantly, it has dozens of exciting new functions, such as a new layout that supports widescreen display, a dock that integrates more than 20 windows, a toolbar that occupies a smaller area, automatic panoramic generation of multiple photos, flexible black-and-white conversion, more adjustable selection tools, smart filters, improved vanishing point features, better support for 32-bit HDR images, and so on. In addition, Photoshop has been divided into two versions for the first time since CS3, namely, the regular standard version and the extended version supporting 3D functions.

Main functions:

Non-destructive editing: Use new smart filters (which can visualize different image effects) and smart objects (which can scale, rotate and deform raster graphics and vector graphics) to edit in a non-destructive way, all of which will not change the original pixel data.

Rich painting and drawing tool set: Create or modify images with professional and fully customizable painting settings, artistic brushes and drawing tools.

Easily create animations using the animation palette: Use the new animation palette to create animations from a series of images (such as time series data) and export them to various formats, including QuickTime, MPEG-4 and Adobe Flash? Video (FLV)

3D composition and texture editing: Easily present rich 3D contents and merge them into 2D composite images. You can even edit existing textures on 3D models directly in Photoshop Extended, and immediately view the results. Photoshop Extended supports common 3D exchange formats, including 3DS, OBJ, U3D, KMZ and COLLADA, so you can import, view and interact with most 3D models.

Accurate selection tools can be used for detail editing: experience various tools for detail editing, including new tools for quick selection. Draw loosely on the image area you want to select, and the quick selection tool will automatically complete the selection for you. Then use the Adjust Edges tool to preview and fine-tune your selection for a more concise result.

Enhanced vanishing point with 3D support: Use enhanced vanishing point to make perspective editing on multiple surfaces (even surfaces that are not connected at 90 degrees), which also enables you to measure in perspective; Fold graphics, images and text around multiple planes; And outputting the 2D plane as a 3D model.

2D and 3D measuring tools: Use new measuring tools to extract quantitative information from images. Easily calibrate or set the scale of the image, and then use any Photoshop Extended selection tool to define and calculate distance, perimeter, area and other measurement data. Record data points in the measurement log and export the data (including histogram data) to a spreadsheet for further analysis.

Advanced composition: Create more accurate composite images by automatically aligning multiple Photoshop layers or images based on similar content. The Auto-Align Layers command can quickly analyze details and move, rotate or deform layers to perfectly align them, while the Auto-Mix Layers command can mix colors and shadows to create smooth and editable results.

Faster and more flexible resource management with Adobe Bridge CS3: Organize and manage images more effectively with the next generation of Adobe Bridge CS3 software, which now provides enhanced performance, a "filter" panel that is easier to search, the ability to combine multiple images into a single thumbnail, a magnifying glass tool, offline image browsing, and so on.

Better original image processing: Photoshop Camera Raw plug-in is used to process the original image, which is faster and has excellent conversion quality. Now it has increased support for JPEG and TIFF formats; New tools include lighting and dust removal; Use Adobe Photoshop Lightroom? Software compatibility; And support camera models above 150.

Third-party solutions and resources: Take advantage of rich additional resources (including software plug-ins, books and training) provided by a long-term community of experienced Photoshop developers, authors and trainers.

The development history of graphic design can be traced back to the source of human development history. The simple symbols and characters used by human ancestors to take notes are the most basic and primitive examples of graphic design. At first, it may be just to express a specific meaning, but it does not contain artistic and aesthetic elements. With the development of human civilization, people's pursuit and exploration of art and beauty has gradually become the mainstream of development, and the original use of notes has gradually faded. Traditional painters have mastered the skills of painting after decades of training. They describe their abstract thinking and express their understanding of art and beauty through the deduction of paper and pen. Except artists, everyone has the right to pursue beauty, and has a certain creative talent and unique understanding of life, art and beauty. Skills that require long-term training are "out of reach" for most people. The emergence of computers has made people's dreams come true.

At the beginning of its appearance, the computer was only used as a tool for scientific calculation in scientific research institutions, and its characteristics were huge, expensive and complicated to use. From 1950s to 1970s, some scientists, such as Noll, Harman, Knowton and Nake, used computer programming languages to study computer graphics and image processing. Most research topics are to explore the principle of figure formation, for example, how to write binary code of computer to represent simple geometric figures, such as arcs or triangles. In the 1970s, with the appearance of personal computer PC, the size of computer was much smaller, the price was much lower, and the plane image technology was gradually mature, which gave people interested in computer art creation more opportunities to create art at will without writing annoying code programs. During 1980s 10, with the development and popularization of computers, desktop publishing (DTP) and digital prepress industry (prepress) developed rapidly, which made the output of computers take on a new look. Through professional equipment, the accuracy, precision and aesthetics of the image directly output from the computer can almost be comparable to that of the photo, and even far exceed the effect of the photo in some aspects.

Nowadays, Photoshop software has become the industry authority and standard in the field of plane image processing, which originated from a program written by Thomas Kaon, a graduate student of the University of Michigan, to display different graphic files on Macintosh Plus in the mid-1980s. Photoshop3.05, Photoshop4.0 and Photoshop5.0 are the most widely used versions in the Photoshop series. Photoshop5.05 has released the latest version, and with the full Chinese version of Photoshop5.02, it is a great boon for domestic users.

other

The original Photoshop only supported Macintosh Macintosh platform, not Windows. Due to the excellent performance of Windows on PC, Adobe has followed the development trend since Photoshop, and launched Windows versions (including Windows95 and Windows NT). Noting the unlimited market in China, we launched the Chinese version of Photoshop5.02 for the first time, opened a Chinese website, and established Adobe China Company, headquartered in Beijing.

Photoshop's specialty lies in image processing, not graphic creation. It is necessary to distinguish between these two concepts. Image processing is the editing and processing of existing bitmap images and the application of some special effects, with emphasis on image processing; Graphic creation software uses vector graphics to design graphics according to its own ideas. This kind of software mainly includes Illustrator, another famous software of Adobe Company, and Freehand of Micromedia Company.

Now many people are learning photoshop, and there are many tutorials. 2 1 century, photoshop has become an indispensable learning tool for everyone. Generally, they will learn some basic knowledge in the sixth grade of primary school.

Photoshop official website (Chinese Station):/

Photoshop video tutorial (suitable for beginners)