What software should industrial design learn?

Computer plays an irreplaceable role in industrial design, and its advantages of modifiability, easy storage, strong performance and high degree of numerical control are irreplaceable by other tools. In the actual industrial design process, computers are indispensable. Computer-aided industrial design also accounts for a large proportion, such as the plane representation of industrial product modeling, the three-dimensional rendering representation of industrial product modeling, and the development of abrasive tools for industrial products, all of which involve computer-aided design software and are compulsory courses for industrial design students. Software related to industrial design can be divided into two categories: visual effects and industry, and the difference between them is obvious. One requires beauty and the other requires precision and rigor. Among them, high school and low-level are divided according to the scale and control depth of the software, but the function of low-level three-dimensional software is not inferior to that of high-level software in some aspects. For example, the nurbs modeling of rhinoceros is better than maya. Houdini (movie special effects magician) is very good. He is more powerful than Maya in special effects and has deeper control than Maya. Of course, the consequence is more difficult to learn. For example, C language in programming goes deep into the bottom, so it is more powerful and more difficult to learn. In terms of movies, I found that movies with huge scenes and complicated actions all had their participation. Such as Ma Jie, Superman returns, the day after tomorrow, etc. (but it should be noted that a movie involves several softwares). Maya, I think everyone knows its name. It is the king in the field of 3D animation (by number of users). Both special effects and characters (animation of characters and animals) are the best solutions. It is like a vast sea, wide enough and deep enough. Width means many modules, not to mention modeling and rendering, as well as dynamics, particles, cloth, soft bodies and so on. The depth lies in its many hidden functions, and these functions are very powerful. Some people think that only by learning the things on its interface and using them skillfully can we really master maya, which is all wet. Less than half of the things on the interface are involved, and the other half is so powerful that it is difficult to learn. Those functions can be called by language, and those with C++ and C foundation are the best. There are many movies made by Maya, almost all of which are animations. Softimage/xsi is the only software that can compete with it. Maya debuted in 1998. Before that, Softimage/xsi, maya has always been the king of three-dimensional animation. His films include Jurassic Park, The Fifth Element, Lightning Warrior, Hidden Girl, Bug Crisis, Moulin Rouge, shaolin soccer and so on. After Maya came out, it gradually withered, but some functions were also very powerful. And after learning maya, you will find that its menu, function naming and arrangement are very clear and scientific! 3DS MAX is probably the most familiar one. Because Autodesk looked up to Bill Gates a long time ago and made great efforts to develop under windows. The more people use Windows, the more people know about it, so it has become the most popular 3D software. Look at the bookshelves in various bookstores. What books have the most? In fact, the success of 3d has helped other vendors' plug-ins (plug-ins? For example, the plug-in filter in photoshop, such as kpt, is a plug-in). Especially in rendering plug-ins, such as vray, finalrender, brizl (Brazil), mental ray, Maxwell…… ... 3d wouldn't be today without these plug-ins. Some people say that rhinoceros modeling, 3d rendering …3d rendering is good … In fact, there is something wrong with this sentence, not the scanline (scan line renderer) that comes with 3d, but the rendering plug-in is good. Among them, vray has the widest application, fast rendering speed, good effect and simple setting, which is very important for everyone. Look at the design competition and indoor renderings, many of which are rendered by vray. When I first started learning vray, I might be scared away by many parameters, but its setting is almost the same every time, and the material setting is also very simple. With hdri lighting, you can achieve photo-like effects without lighting. In modeling, 3d modeling belongs to polygon modeling and is not suitable for industrial design. Or use nurbs modeling, such as rhinoceros and Alias. Maya also has nurbs, but it is not accurate enough for vision. Although 3d has nurbs, it is far less powerful than maya and its running efficiency is not high. Materials, lighting and rendering settings are what we need to learn, and we also need to know about vray. There is also lightscap, which is useful for scenes with complex lighting through light transmission, and product rendering does not need so much lighting. Generally used in building interior industry. Cinima4D I believe that if you use this 3D software, you will like it. If Maya is a rational scientist, then 4D is an artist with personality. Play without reading the tutorial and you will find many interesting things. And its interface is very friendly, and a good interface will make you work more comfortable and efficient. The biggest feature of 4D is the rendering speed, which is too fast! And the effect is very good. I use it in most renderings. However, to get good results and have high speed, you need some experience, especially pay attention to the coordination of lighting, scenes and materials. If you have a good understanding of these aspects, you can quickly render them into first-class drawings. The ultimate goal of rendering is not to be true, but to render an artistic effect beyond one's own feelings. Just like ordinary people taking pictures and professional photographers taking pictures are completely different things. Of course, the requirements for product rendering are not very high, as long as others can see the general appearance and structure. And! Vray will have a c4d version, and then everyone can abandon 3d. Of course, 4d is not as good as 3d in some aspects, such as game development, so I won't elaborate on this. The 4D cinema has gained more and more supporters in recent years, and its modeling and rendering are equally excellent. Similar softwares are Softimage and LightWave. The above is about visual effects, and the following is about industrial manufacturing. Three CAID I think CAID software is between visual effects and industrial CAD. Why? Because it is aimed at industrial designers, who are between art and industry, CAID software is artistic, free and direct, but not as rigorous and accurate as CAD. CAID includes Alias Studio Tools, Solidthinking, Rhino Rhino, all of which are the same nurbs core, which seems to be developed by AGlib core and SGI. It was originally used in aliases, but later some aliases came out to start businesses and engage in rhinoceroses, which benefited our broad masses. Of course, Alias is still very powerful. Even the rhinoceros boss said that if you have more money, you will use Alias. Alias Studio Tools This is the best 3D modeling software in the world today! Pay attention to styling! Structure is not included (structure is generally based on three cads). It is powerful because it has powerful nurbs modeling! What is nurbs? It is a way to describe graphics by computer. Computers only know numbers, how can they describe figures? It mainly depends on mathematicians to think, and nurbs is one of them. The characteristic of Nurbs is to use curves as surfaces, so that more accurate surfaces can be obtained, which is very suitable for any streamline in products. Polygon modeling (most visual effects classes have it) focuses on the irregular model of biology, but it doesn't mean that nurbs can't be a creature and polygons can't be a product. Nurbs draws lines first, then builds faces, and polygons are drawn with geometry. It can be understood that the former is to build a frame first and then build a wall, and the latter is to squeeze out plasticine. The three major nurbs modeling softwares in the world are Alias Studio Tools, Solidthinking and Rhino Rhino. Among them, Alias Studio Tools has high precision and more powerful functions, and can draw sketches with a handwriting board. Now it is generally used in the shape design of airplanes, automobiles and other high requirements for curved surfaces, and many car factories are using it. It's more troublesome to use, and it's not that easy to learn well. If you want to design the appearance of airplanes and cars in the future, it is recommended to learn from rhinoceros before learning. We are all nurbs and have something in common. Note that Alias Studio Tools and maya are both produced by Alias Company, which shows how great Alias is! ! ! But now it has been acquired by Autodesk. Alias is the most professional industrial design software, which seamlessly connects the whole process of creative expression, accurate modeling, real rendering and output (manufacturing), and each link can fully reflect the talent and ability of designers. Alias can also show products through animation. What about Solidthinking? Few people use it. The United States and Canada use it more. I won't say any more. Rhino rhino is a powerful nurbs modeling software. Very easy to use, quick and direct, very suitable for our college students. Now rhinoceros has been released to 4.0, and its functions are further enhanced to support Chinese. Installation is highly recommended. Rhinoceroses are also very studious. Rhinoceros is a high-order surface modeling tool developed by Robert McNeel &:Associates for industrial and product designers and scene designers. It is the first set of software that completely introduces the powerful AGLib NURBS model construction technology into the Windows operating system. Rhino can provide users with easy-to-learn, flexible and high-precision model building tools, whether it is building tools, or the appearance design of automobiles, motorcycles, parts and consumer products, or industrial products such as hulls, mechanical shells or gears, or even CG series products such as figures and biological modeling. Three CAD CATIA, UG and ProE are the three high-end CAD software. They are very powerful, even CAM/CAE, so some websites and books say that they are CAD/CAM/CAE software. So what's the difference between them and CAID software? CAD software is more rigorous and accurate, because its ultimate goal is to produce products, while CAID software is more free and intuitive, and its ultimate goal is to help designers create ideal shapes. It is the sequential relationship in the production process. Taking automobile production as an example, due to the complicated surface of automobile shell, the general designer will first do it in CAID software (usually Alias), and then save the file in Iges format and send it to CAD software (usually CATIA and UG). Then the structural design is completed by CAD. Taking digital products as an example, their shell requirements are generally not as high as those of cars, so choose low-cost software, such as modeling with rhinoceros first, and then making it in proE. Professor Lin Qing 'an was quoted as answering students' questions in Tsinghua: "We divide the industry into several fields: the first aerospace, the second automobile, the third electronics, the fourth machinery and the fifth toy (the fifth is universal molding). PROE and UG have different fields! PROE is a leader in the electronics industry. If it is aerospace, PROE can't touch it, and there is no punishment at all. CATIA should be used in this field. If it is to build a plane, it is CATIA's world. Except for aerospace and automobiles, everything else belongs to PROE. Who do you think is good and who is bad? It's hard to say! " Their functional differences: If you just want to do it, whether you can match it or not, you only need to use a software. CATIA and UG are both good softwares. The three major softwares in the world are CATIA, UG and PROE. These are three advanced softwares. What is the difference between them? The biggest difference is that PROE is parameter design, so PROE pays attention to design changes. For example, if you make a mouse, you can do it with PROE, and he can design changes. The mouse may cost 80 yuan in China, and the accuracy he requires is not high! Yes! If you use PROE, the design of the software is highly variable, and you can make many shapes at once. If you want to use UG to make this mouse, it may not be 100, but it may be 1000, because its accuracy is very high and complicated, it is difficult to design and change, but its accuracy is very good! Anyway, the three softwares are different, mainly depending on what field you use. If you use PROE in aerospace, it won't work! Three types of mid-range CAD are: SolidEdge, SolidWorks, INVENTOR, etc. We are engaged in three-dimensional software of industrial design mainly on two things: modeling and rendering. Modeling is the most important part, which has a direct impact on performance and manufacturing, while rendering only has an impact on performance. Let's talk about modeling first. First, you must learn CAID. According to the domestic situation, CAID software generally uses Alias and rhinoceros. Alias is the leader of industrial design software! ! ! Perhaps it is because it is so strong and professional that we ordinary people can hardly hear its name in our ears. Its strength lies in NURBS ("NURBS", the "death of modeling scrag" that Teacher Yang often said in the history of industrial design). Alias's NURBS is an industry standard, and no other software in the world can be better than it. Even our famous rhinoceros is not as good as Alias's! For example, it can't compete with the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the function! And it also allows you to draw sketches and renderings on the computer with the help of a handwriting board. It can be seen that Alias has won the recognition of the majority of industrial design companies for the whole design process, from sketch to renderings, to modeling and then to renderings. No wonder Hao Han said that using Alias is the real "Jane CAID". Maybe you want to learn Alias after reading the above description, but ... now is not the best choice for us. Why? Alias operation has higher requirements for the machine. "Don't be afraid, my machine is powerful enough, and the speed of the machine will be faster and faster in the future." Maybe you will say so, it is, at least I think so. If the model is not complicated, it can still run. If it is complicated, there is no guarantee. Needless to say, the machine configuration is low. In fact, the main reason that restricts us to choose Alias is that it is difficult to learn, mainly because the software itself is difficult to learn and the operation is very complicated. Secondly, there are relatively few tutorials and few training institutions. There are no talents in this field in our school. To learn this, you'd better practice in a big company. Maybe you will say, "Don't be afraid! I have perseverance. I have perseverance. I will study hard! It is not a problem that aliases are difficult to learn! " I also believe that you will learn well! But that's a matter of time. Time is the key. Industrial design should pay attention to efficiency, and so should we be human beings. In just a few years, the university should not spend all its time learning some difficult software, but should spend it on designing books and concentrate on creating more and better ideas in exchange for more value! What value? Teachers scored higher, students recognized higher, job applications were more specific, and design competitions won more prizes. The last one is the highest and most practical. To do this, rhinoceros is the best choice! Although it is not the best, it is the best for us. Easy to learn and use, fast and flexible! Alias or RHINO is used for conceptual surfaces in industrial design, and SW or proE is enough for structures. Just let the renderer go with the flow and the software comes with it. There is no need to learn those uncommon software. After all, modeling is to express the concept of products. Spend time on improving products, not too much time on modeling, and be familiar with what software to use. However, in the final analysis, software is always a tool, and more importantly, the professional knowledge and design ideas of industrial design are the magic weapon to win.