Examination method of lung cancer

Lung cancer examination method? 1. Sputum cytology: Patients are usually required to collect sputum for the first time for three consecutive days in the morning, and analyze whether the cells in the expectorated sputum have abnormal patterns.

2. Chest X-ray examination: It is the fastest and simplest way to find lung cancer. Usually, tumors larger than 2 ~ 3 cm can only be seen on X-ray films.

3. bronchoscopy: it is a tube from the mouth stick or nose to the bronchus. There are lighting equipment and mirrors in the tube, which can let doctors see clearly the invasion range of lung cancer cells. Before placing the catheter, anesthetic drugs will be sprayed on the throat to prevent the catheter from coughing and vomiting when passing through the throat. The whole inspection process takes about 20 minutes; Sometimes doctors will do biopsy and cytological examination of sputum collection to determine the type of tumor.

4. Image-assisted mediastinoscopy: This is an invasive examination. After general anesthesia, 65,438+0 or several wounds were made in the mediastinum. With the help of TV images, the whole mediastinum can be seen, so it can help lung cancer patients make correct diagnosis and staging.

5. Computed tomography: display abnormal images of the body with the help of radiation to assist the diagnosis of diseases. Computed tomography is usually performed while lying down, which can help determine the location of the tumor and clearly show whether the internal structure of the tumor and nearby organs have metastasized. It is an important examination of cancer staging, and can also be combined with abdominal computed tomography to determine whether there is abdominal organ metastasis.

6. Ultrasound-guided or computerized tomography-guided percutaneous biopsy: by locating ultrasound images or under the guidance of computerized tomography, samples of diseased parts are obtained for further diagnosis.

7. Whole-body bone nuclear scan: generally lying down for photography to diagnose whether there is bone metastasis.

8. Pulmonary function examination: used for patients who can undergo surgery to assess whether they can withstand pneumonectomy.

9. Serum tumor markers: CEA, SCC and NSE can be used for blood test. CEA and SCC are related to non-small cell adenocarcinoma, while NSE is common in small cell lung cancer.