Which province is Chongzhou City in?

Overview of Chongzhou: Chongzhou City (formerly Chongqing County) is located in the beautiful and fertile Western Sichuan Plain, 37 kilometers east of Chengdu, and located in the heart of the Land of Abundance. The city covers an area of ??1,090 square kilometers, with Pingba District accounting for 52% of the total area, mountainous areas accounting for 43% of the total area, and hilly areas accounting for 5% of the total area. The total population is 641,500. The city governs 25 towns and villages, and is adjacent to Dayi County, Xinjin County and other counties.

Chongzhou City has a long history. It was called Shuzhou in ancient times. Its organizational history is as long as 2,200 years. Chongzhou has been a prosperous and prosperous place since ancient times, and is known as "Sichuan among Shu" and "an important town of Shu gate". Chongyang Town, where the Chongzhou Municipal Government is located, is one of the first batch of named historical and cultural cities in Sichuan Province.

Chongzhou City has the reputation of "Tianfu Granary". It is a national commercial grain base county, a lean pig base county, a major grain and cotton loan county, and a national-level agricultural comprehensive development zone. Chongzhou mainly produces Ligusticum chuanxiong and turmeric, and is the national base county for chuanxiong production. The plums produced in Huaiyuan are exported to Japan and other places. Chongzhou loquat tea has been offered as tribute to the imperial court since the Song Dynasty. It is called "Longmen Tribute Tea". The black fragrant glutinous rice it produces is known as the "King of Black Rice" and is famous both at home and abroad. In addition, the city is also famous for its bamboo and rattan products.

Chongzhou City’s rich geographical conditions of mountains, hills, dams and rivers have created numerous tourist attractions, among which Jiulonggou, a provincial scenic tourist area, and Jiguan Mountain, a provincial forest park, are representatives. The long history of Chongzhou City has formed a colorful cultural landscape. The Huhua Pond, Zhou Confucian Temple, Lu You Temple, and Guangyan Zen Temple are rare historical sites in western Sichuan.

Administrative divisions:

Towns: Chongyang Town, Huaiyuan Town, Yuantong Town, Sanjiang Town, Jiangyuan Town, Yangma Town, Liaojia Town, Guansheng Town, Street Zi Town, Sanlang Town, Wanjia Town, Wangchang Town, Baitou Town, Daoming Town, Alquan Town, Tingjiang Town, Longxing Town.

Townships: Anfu Township, Dahua Township, Zitong Township, Jinjiang Township, Gongyi Township, Shangyuan Township, Goujia Township, Dongguan Township, Jixie Township, Chongde Township, Jixian Township.

Famous attractions: Guhua Pond, Zhou Confucian Temple, Lu You Temple, Guangyan Zen Temple

History and culture: According to archaeological discoveries, as early as the early Neolithic Age 6000-7000 years ago, There are human activities in the foothills of Wugen Mountain in Gongyi Township in this city. By the middle of the Neolithic Age, 4,000-5,000 years ago, Tianfu Village in Gongyi Township, Mangcheng Village in Shangyuan Township, and Longzhu Village in Longxing County in today's city had formed large-scale ancient human communities - cities. The ancestors of Chongzhou created a high degree of material civilization and spiritual civilization here. The emergence of these cities marked the end of the primitive era and the beginning of the civilized era in the Chongzhou area. The ancient land of Chongzhou became one of the centers of the origin of civilization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.

In the 8th century BC, Du Yu, the last king of Shu during the Yufu period, who ruled from Jiangyuan (today's Chongzhou), "taught the people to do farming", turning the ancient Shu kingdom from fishing and hunting to farming. The source area became the birthplace of agricultural civilization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. After the Qin Dynasty destroyed Shu, it established feudal lords, built cities and established counties in Shu. Jiangyuan County was officially established in 310 BC.

In 301 AD (the second year of Yongkang reign of Emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty), Li Te led the Guanlong refugees to revolt in Shu. The following year, his son Li Xiong conquered Chengdu and established the Chenghan regime. In 312 AD, Li Xiong divided Jiangyuan County from Shu County and established Hanyuan County, and changed Jiangyuan County in Western Jin Dynasty to Hanyuan County. In 347 AD, Huan Wen conquered Shu. After Shu was pacified, the Eastern Jin Dynasty changed Hanyuan County to Jinyuan County, changed Hanyuan County to Jiangyuan County, and moved Linqiong County 30 miles southeast of the county to the north of present-day Sanjiang Town.

During the Xiao Qi period of the Southern Dynasty (479-502), Jinyuan County was changed to Jinkang County, and the county was the same as that of the Song Dynasty. In the later Zhou Dynasty, Jiangyuan County was abolished. At the same time, Jiangyuan and Jinle were abolished and Duorong County was newly established.

During the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-581), Duorong County was changed to Jinyuan County, and its administrative seat was the ancient city of Longmen Street in the southwest of Chongyang Town. Jinyuan County was transferred to Chongqing Prefecture from the province during the Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song, Yuan, and early Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, which lasted for more than 800 years. Shuzhou, Tang'an County in the Tang Dynasty, Shuzhou, Chongqing Army, Mansion, and General Administration Office in the Song Dynasty, and Chongqing Prefecture in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties were all established here successively. In 1913 (the second year of the Republic of China), the government of the Republic of China abolished the prefectures, states, and departments established by the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, Chongqing Prefecture was changed to Chongqing County, and it was successively under the jurisdiction of West Sichuan Road, Xichuan Road, and the First Administrative Supervisory District Commissioner's Office. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Chongqing County came under the jurisdiction of the Wenjiang Commissioner's Office of the Western Sichuan Administration. After 1952, it came under the jurisdiction of the Wenjiang Commissioner's Office of Sichuan Province. In July 1983, the Wenjiang Regional Administrative Office was abolished and Chongqing County was placed under the jurisdiction of Chengdu City. In June 1994, with the approval of the State Council, the county was removed and established as a city, and the name "Chongqing County" became history.

Natural conditions

Topography and landforms: The city has a landform type of mountains, hills, and plains. The high and high mountainous areas with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters account for 38.4% of the city’s total area. The rate for mountains and hills is 8.7%, and that for flat dams is 52.9%. The terrain gradually rises from southeast to northwest. There are many peaks with an altitude of more than 2,000 meters in the northwest. The highest altitude is the main peak of Daxuetang in the far west of Gou's hometown, which reaches 5,364 meters. The average altitude of the hilly and plain areas is 560 meters. The lowest point is Mengdu in Sanjiang Town, with an altitude of only 480 meters.

Main rivers: There are three main rivers in the city: Xihe, Heishi River and Jinma River.

The Xihe River originates from the northern foot of Huoshaoying in Gou's hometown, flows eastward from the mountain pass of Yaoziyan into the plain, and reaches Yuantong where it joins Weijiang River, Ganwuli River and Bojiang River.

Above Yuantong, it is also called Wenjing River. From below Yuantong, it turns to flow southeast, with Shagou River, Xiangyang River and Baima River flowing into it. Then it flows south through Mengdu in Sanjiang Town and enters Xinjin County. It has a total length of 109 kilometers, 96.8 kilometers long within the city, and flows through 14 towns. It is the longest river in the city.

The Heishi River, also known as the "Black Stone River", flows into the city in Liujie Township, Dujiangyan City, flows south through 9 villages and towns, and joins the Yangma River at the Sanjiang Bridge to flow into Xinjin County, with a total length of 65 kilometers. , the city is 32.15 kilometers long.

The Jinma River is the main stream of the Minjiang River. It flows from Yanjiang Township in Dujiangyan City into the city. Along the eastern boundary of the city, it is intermittently the boundary river between Chongzhou, Wenjiang and Shuangliu. The city's river bank (right bank) is 10 kilometers long.

The above three major rivers are connected with more than 180 large and small tributaries in the city, forming a waterway network in the city, and merge into the Minjiang River in Xinjin County.

Climate: Chongzhou has a subtropical humid monsoon climate in the Sichuan Basin, with four distinct seasons, short spring and autumn, long winter and summer, abundant rainfall, less sunshine, and a long frost-free period. The annual average temperature is 15.9°C. The average temperature in July, the hottest month, is 25°C. The average temperature in January, the coldest month, is 5.4°C. The temperature difference is 19.7°C. The annual average sunshine hours are 1161.5 hours, and the annual average rainfall is 1012.4㎜. The number of rainy days and rainfall is more in summer and less in winter. It is 176.1㎜ in spring, 588.0mm in summer, 218.4mm in autumn and 29.9mm in winter. The frequency of wind direction is calm wind, accounting for 37% of the year; followed by north wind, accounting for 9%. The average annual wind speed is 1.3m/s. The average frost days are 19 days and the average frost-free period is 285 days. The annual average snow days are 3 days, and the amount of snow is relatively small. The main disastrous weather conditions include continuous rain, floods, drought, strong winds, hail, cold waves, frost, etc.

Land resources: The city’s total land area is 1090.17k㎡. Among them, the mountain area is 471.52k㎡, the hilly area is 54.95k㎡, and the plain area is 563.7k㎡. There are 100,000 acres of water in the mountains, hills, and dams. The city generally forms a land structure of "four mountains, one water, and five fields."

Mineral resources: Chongzhou is rich in mineral resources. 14 species have been discovered, of which 5 species have proven reserves: coal, lead, zinc, limestone and peat; 9 species have yet to be identified as reserves: Pyrite, silver, gold, mica, realgar, gypsum, aluminum, salt and natural gas. Mineral sites are distributed in Goujia, Wanjia, Maolang, Huaiyuan, Jiezi, Gongyi, Wangchang, Daoming and Longxing townships. Among them, coal and limestone have the largest reserves, and there are three types of minerals being mined: coal, limestone and gold. There are 6 minerals that have been mined: peat, zinc, pyrite and gypsum.

Water resources: In addition to precipitation, the city’s total annual river runoff is 1,570.74 million cubic meters. Among them, Dujiangyan's water delivery volume is 805.11 million cubic meters, local river water volume is 739.52 million cubic meters, hill pond reservoir water storage, mechanical and electrical water pumping, mountain creek water diversion and available shallow groundwater total 26.11 million cubic meters. The amount of water available for agricultural production is 676.48 million cubic meters, with an average of 1,090 cubic meters of water per mu.

The city is rich in water resources, with a total theoretical reserve of 110,900kw and a developable capacity of 53,605kw.

The city’s water surface consists of rivers, ponds, reservoirs, rivers, etc., totaling 100,000 acres, and the water surface available for farming is 3,807 acres. There are still more than 3,500 acres of developable water surface.

Biological resources: Chongzhou belongs to the humid subtropical climate zone, which is suitable for biological growth. In terms of plants, there are many kinds of trees, including trees and shrubs all over the mountains, hills and dams. There are mainly more than 300 species of 65 families, and more than 120 species of medicinal plants. There are 5 species of precious and rare trees protected by the state: red bean tree, metasequoia, involucrata, podocarpus and rosewood.

There are many kinds of wild animals, including hundreds of species of mammals, birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, insects, molluscs, arthropods, annelids and other animals. Rare animals include golden monkeys, Rock donkey, deer, takin (i.e. bison), giant panda, red panda. Rare birds include lovebirds, larks, pheasants, parrots, fritillaries, etc. In addition, there are also rare giant salamanders (salamfish) and bang bang fish (common name).

Chongzhou City is one of the fourteen panda ecological nature reserves in the country.

Forest resources: Chongzhou is located in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, evergreen, and deciduous broad-leaved forest. The forest vegetation is rich in types and tree species, with more than 200 species in 65 families. Arbors, shrubs, needles, and broad-leaved forest trees are all present. The city's forest coverage rate is 42.1%, which is divided into alpine metasequoia conservation area, mid-mountain timber and economic forest area, hilly firewood and economic forest area and Hepingba roadside comprehensive area. The city's total stock of standing trees is nearly one million cubic meters.

Tourism resources: The geographical conditions of mountains, hills and dams have created many tourist scenic spots. A long history of more than 1,300 years has formed a colorful cultural landscape. In Chongyang Town, a provincial-level historical and cultural city where the city government is based, there are the Tuan Hua Pond, which was built in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty, and has the style of Jiangnan gardens and Sichuan gardens; the Zhou Confucian Temple, which was built in the Ming Dynasty and has been well preserved to this day; and the current In addition to Shaoxing, Zhejiang, there are three provincial cultural relics protection units in the country, including the Lu You Temple, which commemorates Lu You. There is also the Gongbao Mansion of the famous Qing Dynasty general Shaanxi-Gansu Governor and the first-class Zhaotong Marquis Yang Yuchun who are listed as key cultural relics protection units in Chengdu. .

Within the city's territory, snow-capped mountains, forests, and lakes and mountains are tourist areas that focus on forest culture, panda culture, and dragon culture. They mainly include: Jiulonggou, a provincial tourist scenic spot, Jiguan Mountain, a provincial forest park, and Baita, which is famous for its lakes and mountains. Lake, Fengqishan Ancient Temple which Emperor Kangxi granted the title of "Guangyan Zen Temple", etc.

Specialties: Tang Ma Cake, Daoming Bamboo Weaving, Huaiyuan Three Wonders (parfait, leaf cake, tofu curtain)