Appreciate the ancient poems describing the scenery.

Wang Yue

What a magnificent scenery Mount Tai is!

Out of Qilu, green peaks can still be seen.

The creator endowed all the mysterious nature here with elegance,

And then what? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. ..

Caiyun lave? My mind is free and easy,

Birds fly back and forth in front of my nervous eyes ..

Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see,

All the other mountains are dwarfed under the sky. ..

There is not a word "Wang" in the whole poem, and every sentence is about seeing Yue. Distance is from far to near, time is from morning to dusk, from looking forward to sunset, from looking forward to the future.

The first sentence is "the grandeur of Mount Tai! ? When I first saw Mount Tai, I was so happy that I didn't know how to describe it. Very vivid. Dai is another name for Mount Tai. Being the first of the five mountains, he was honored as Daizong. "How is the husband", that is, what is it? In ancient Chinese, the word "fu" was usually used as a function word at the beginning of a sentence. It is a novelty to integrate it into poetry here. Although the word "husband" has no substantive meaning, it is indispensable. The so-called "vivid portrayal is being blocked."

"Endless green spans Qilu and Qilu" is the answer after some pondering, which is really amazing. It is neither abstractly saying that Mount Tai is high, nor using the general language of "stabbing the sky" like Xie Lingyun's "Ode to Mount Tai", but it has written its own experience in an ingenious way-beyond the border between the two countries in ancient Qilu, Mount Tai can still be seen from a distance, and the height of Mount Tai is set off by distance. Mount Tai is the land in the south and the Qi in the north, so this sentence describes the geographical characteristics and cannot be misappropriated when writing about other mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, Mo Ruzhong's poem "Wang Yuelou in Dengdong County" said: "Qilu is not yet a teenager. Who will inherit Ling Du in the poem? " He put forward this poem in particular, and it makes sense that no one can succeed.

The phrase "the creator has given all mysterious natural grace here, and? The day immediately enters dawn and dusk. " It describes the magical beauty and lofty image of Mount Tai seen from a close look, which is the footnote of the last sentence "unfinished youth". The word "zhong" is naturally affectionate. Xiangyang in front of the mountain is "Yang" and Xiangyang behind the mountain is "Yin". Because the mountain is high, it is judged to cut on the yin and yang sides of the mountain at twilight, so it is called "cutting twilight". "Qie" is a very common word, but it is really a "strange adventure" to use it here. It can be seen that the poet Du Fu's writing style of "language is not surprising and never stops" was developed in his youth. "Ceng Yun, birds are flying back and forth in front of my nervous eyes." Two sentences were written. Seeing the endless clouds in the mountains, my heart is also rippling; Because after watching it for a long time, I feel like my eyes are going to break. A homing bird refers to a bird that has returned to its nest in the forest. It is already dusk, and the poet is still in sight. It goes without saying that it contains the poet's interest in the rivers of the motherland.

Love for mountains.

"Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky." These last two sentences are about the desire to climb Yue arising from looking at Yue. "Hui" is a spoken language in the Tang Dynasty, which means "must". For example, Wang Bo's "Ode to Spring": "I am a scavenger in one fell swoop, covering Zhu Xuan for a spring." Sometimes the word "Hui" is used alone, such as Sun Guangxian's "North Dream": "I will kill this vertical shaft one day!" In other words, there are often single users in Du Fu's poems, such as "Old Shu in this life, Qin after death!" It is inaccurate and arrogant to interpret "will" as "should". From these two inspiring and symbolic poems, we can see the ambition and spirit of the poet Du Fu who is not afraid of difficulties, dares to climb to the top and overlooks everything. This is the key for Du Fu to become a great poet, and it is also indispensable for all those who make a difference. This is why these two poems have been told by people for thousands of years and can still arouse our strong * * *. In Qing Dynasty, Pu Yin Long thought that Du Fu's poems "put righteousness first" and said that "Du Fu's soul is beautiful and impressive. Take it as a volume and make it a town. " (Reading Jie) also emphasized the symbolic significance of these two poems. This is exactly the same as Du Fu's "comparing himself with Qi State" in politics and "short-sighted resentment against Cao Liu Wall" in creation. This poem was praised as a "swan song" by later generations, carved stone as a monument and stood at the foot of the mountain. Undoubtedly, it will be immortal with Mount Tai.

Climbing Yueyang Tower

I've always heard that Dongting Lake,

Now I finally climbed the tower.

My east is Wu, and my south is Chu.

I can see the endless floating of heaven and earth.

But my relatives and friends didn't give me news,

I am old and sick, and I am alone with my boat.

There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall.

How can I not cry by the railing? .

This poem is the masterpiece of the five laws in Du Fu's poems, and it was called the first of the five laws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. On the whole, the grandeur of mountains and rivers and the breadth of the poet's mind are both inside and outside the poem. Although sad, but not depressed; Although depressed, but not depressed. In the Song Dynasty, Hu Zai's Tiaoxi Fishing in Conghua quoted Cai Taiwa's Xiqing Poetry as saying: "Dongting is a grand view, and there are many people who wrote it in the past dynasties ... However, if Meng Haoran's" a cloud rises from a dream valley and has been besieging Yueyang City "is not true, the Dongting is vast and the weather is magnificent, just like in front of him. It is impossible to read Du Zimei's poems. There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south, and you can see the endless drifting of heaven and earth.' Shaoling has swallowed many clouds and dreams in his chest. "

The whole poem is pure fu, and it is a narrative style from beginning to end. In the past, some scholars thought that poetry used fu method, which had no image and poetic flavor. In fact, Fu method is an important way to visualize poetry, which is characterized by not paying attention to the language of poetry and the visualization of local things, but paying attention to creating the overall artistic conception of poetry. "The Story of Climbing Yueyang Tower" is a model of creating artistic images by using fu method. The artistic realm it has reached has made people feel that there is no artistic method or even language, but the poet's thoughts and feelings directly hit the soul.

Describe water:

Li Bai's>

The purple mist is illuminated by sunlight, and the waterfall hangs in front of the mountain.

On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth.

Brief analysis]

This is a landscape poem written by the poet Li Bai when he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain at the age of about fifty. This poem vividly depicts the magnificent scenery of Lushan Waterfall and reflects the poet's infinite love for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland.

The first sentence is "Purple smoke from the Rizhao incense burner". "Incense burner" refers to the incense burner peak of Lushan Mountain. This peak is in the northwest of Lushan Mountain, with a sharp and round shape, like a censer. Because of the waterfall, water vapor transpiration, in the bright sunshine, as if there is an indomitable spirit incense burner, purple smoke rises in Ran Ran. A word "health" vividly describes the scene of smoke rising. This sentence set a magnificent background for the waterfall, and also rendered the atmosphere for the following direct description of the waterfall.

The second sentence is "overlooking a thousand waterfalls in Sichuan". The word "overlooking the waterfall" takes care of the title "overlooking the Lushan waterfall". "Hanging thousands of rivers" means that the waterfall is like a huge white practice, hanging straight from the cliff to the river ahead. The word "hang" changed from dynamic to static, and Visha wrote about the waterfall in the distance.

The first two sentences of the poem outline a panoramic view from the big picture: purple smoke fills the air at the top of the mountain, white practice hangs in the mountain, and rapids rush down the mountain, forming a magnificent picture.

The third sentence "Flying down three thousands of feet" is a detailed description of the waterfall at close range. "Flying Flow" shows that waterfalls come out in the air and spew out. "Straight down" not only describes the steepness of the rock wall, but also describes the rapidity of the water flow. "Three thousands of feet" is an exaggeration, describing towering mountains.

In this way, the poet felt that the majestic momentum of the waterfall had not been fully displayed, so he went on to write a sentence, "It is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days." It is said that this waterfall "flew down", which makes people suspect that the Milky Way poured down from nine days. A "doubt" is ethereal and lively. If it is true, it makes people daydream, which adds to the magical color of the waterfall.

This poem is very successful in metaphor, exaggeration and imagination, with unique conception, vivid language and bright washing. Su Dongpo appreciates this poem very much, saying that "the emperor sent the Milky Way to fall into the pulse, and there were fallen immortals in ancient times." The "immortal" is Li Bai. Looking at Lushan Waterfall is indeed an example of body description and lyricism.

About the author: Li Bai (70 1-762) was a great romantic poet in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote many poems praising the motherland, exposing the darkness of society and despising the powerful. His poems have a far-reaching influence on later generations.

Wang Wei's pastoral poems are characterized by fine materials, vivid descriptions, vivid images and far-reaching implications. They have both the artistic conception of Tao Yuanming's poems and the detailed description of Xie's poems, and there are many famous sentences, such as "There seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I hear a voice". Sunlight enters the grove and reflects to me from the moss "(Chai Lu)," I am leaning alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming. It's so light that no one can hear it, except my comrade Mingyue ("Bamboo House"). "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen. "("Go to the frontier ")," There is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream "("Autumn Night in the Mountains ")," An egret flies over the quiet swamp and the Woods in the middle of summer? Huang Li and Accumulated Rain in Chuanzhuang, etc., are highly respected by later generations. Especially, these two sentences, "I will walk until the water reaches my path, and then sit and watch Yun Qi" ("My retreat in Zhongnanshan"), can give people a very good feeling and are widely recited by the ancients as the most interesting sentences. Therefore, in Dongpo Zhi Lin, Su Shi praised his works as "painting in poetry" and "poetry in painting". Because of this, later generations called him "Wang Meng" together with Meng Haoran, another outstanding pastoral poet in the Tang Dynasty. It is precisely because of his profound artistic attainments and high achievements that his pastoral poems enjoy a high reputation in ancient Chinese poetry circles and can be called a pearl in the treasure house of Tang poetry. Next, let's enjoy his two masterpieces.